George Pechell Mends

{{short description|Captain in the Royal Navy, and prolific sketcher}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}

George Pechell Mends (baptized 10 May 1815{{spnd}}15 September 1871) was an English sailor and amateur artist.

He joined the Royal Navy in 1824, first serving on his father's ship. After ten years, he became an officer and served on several other ships. His first command was {{HMS|Pioneer|1856|6}} and his subsequent commands were {{HMS|Nimrod|1856|6}} and {{HMS|Edgar|1858|6}}. When the latter was paid off in 1866, he retired as a captain on half-pay. Throughout his service on naval stations all over the world, he painted watercolours which typically showed ships and nautical landscapes.

Early life

George Pechell Mends was baptized on 10 May 1815 at St Budeaux, Plymouth, Devon, England.{{r|"FS BR"}} He was born into a notable Pembrokeshire{{r|"ODNB"}} naval family. His father was Vice Admiral William Bowen Mends,{{r|"Leeds Mercury"}} whose brother, George's uncle, was Commodore Sir Robert Mends (c. 1767–1823). His own elder brother was Admiral Sir William Robert Mends {{post-nominals|country=GBR|GCB}} (27 February 1812 – 26 June 1897),{{r|"NMM"}} and a younger brother was to become a captain in the Royal Navy. He was the first child to go to sea.{{r|"ANBD"}}{{r|"FS WBM"}} Mends grew up in Haverfordwest.{{r|"auto"}} He formally entered the Navy on 9 February 1824 as a volunteer on his father's ship {{HMS|Blanche|1819|6}}.

Maritime career

File:HMS 'Mutine' passing to windward of HMS 'Helena' in a sailing trial, 1 September 1845 RMG PW6176.jpg

Mends passed his lieutenant's exam on 1 April 1834.{{r|"NMM"}}{{r|"ANBD GPM"}}{{r|"MP"}} He served as mate from around 1840 of the steam paddle-driven {{Sclass|Lizard|gunvessel}} {{HMS|Locust|1840|6}}, which was under the command of Lieutenant-Commander John Lunn, in the Mediterranean. He was first commissioned to the rank of lieutenant on 30 August 1841, and in September was appointed to {{HMS|Malabar|1818|6}}, of 72 guns, Captain Sir George Rose Sartorius commanding, in the Mediterranean.{{r|"MP"}} In October 1844, he was appointed senior to the brig {{HMS|Mutine|1844|6}}, of 12 guns, Captain Richard Borough Crawford, which was attached to the force at the Cape of Good Hope, and from there on 17 October appointed, in a similar capacity, his first lieutenant on HMS Eurydice, 22, Captain Talavera Vernon Anson.{{r|"NMM"}} Mend's agents were Messrs. Ommanney of Portsmouth.{{r|"Green"}} On 25 July 1850 he became first lieutenant in the 120-gun {{HMS|Trafalgar|1841|6}} at Sheerness under Montagu Stopford. In July 1851 Mends sailed in her for the Mediterranean (Stopford was later relieved by Henry Francis Greville), until 11 January 1854, when he was promoted Commander. From 23 January that year Mends was second-in-command to Captain George Elliot on the 91-gun {{HMS|James Watt||6}} at Portsmouth, and served on her in the Baltic campaign of the Crimean War (1854–55).{{r|"NMM"}} On 8 February 1856, still as Commander, Mends took command of {{HMS|Pioneer|1856|6}} on the North American and West Indies station. Next, on 1 May 1858 he assumed command of a wood screw-gunboat {{HMS|Nimrod|1856|6}} in the East Indies and China; he was promoted to Captain on 20 December 1858.{{r|"NMM"}} From 22 May 1861 to 10 July 1862 Mends was appointed flag captain of {{HMS|Edgar|1858|6}}, a screw-propelled 91-gun second rate launched in 1858, under Rear-Admiral John Elphinstone Erskine, who was second-in-command in the Channel. From December 1861 Mends was appointed to the North American and West Indies stations. Edgar arrived in the Bahamas in January 1862 in time to see salvage operations on {{HMS|Conqueror|1855|6}} on Rum Cay.{{r|"NMM"}} Mends remained on Edgar until the ship was paid off at Portsmouth. On 24 March 1866 Mends went on the retired captains list.{{r|"LDN"}} At the time of his death he was on half pay, as he had been for several years.{{r|"NMM"}}{{r|"MP"}}

Art career

Sketches and watercolours by Mends survive from as early as 1838 and as late as 1865. Over 80 of these works are in the collection of the National Maritime Museum, more than half of which are from a sketchbook that covers the period of 1850 to 1853, immediately before and during his time on HMS Trafalgar, with some examples in private hands.{{r|"NMM"}} The lithographer and artist Thomas Goldsworthy Dutton used some of his work, and other notable artists also copied it.{{r|"NMM"}}

Death

Mends died of heart disease, which he had been suffering from for some time, on 15 September 1871, at his home in Seaton Terrace, off Mutley Plain, in Plymouth. He was 56 years old when he died, though obituaries at the time variously gave his age as "in his sixtieth year"{{r|"PMG"}} and "about 60 years".{{r|"MP"}}

He had married Louise Wilcocks from Exeter, while on leave from HMS Trafalgar on 10 July 1851.{{cite news |title=Married |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52300087/george-pechell-mends-marriage/ |access-date=28 May 2020 |publisher=Hampshire Telegraph and Naval Chronicle |date=19 July 1851 |location=Portsmouth, Hampshire, England |page=5}} His daughter Mary Louise, an only child, married Captain Arnold John Errington RN in Exeter on 1 May 1877.{{cite news |title=Marriages |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52299764/capt-arnold-john-errington-marriage/ |access-date=28 May 2020 |publisher=The Freeman's Journal |date=4 May 1877 |location=Dublin, Ireland |page=1}}

Gallery

File:Hulks, probably at Sheerness, 1838 RMG PU9410.jpg|Hulks, probably at Sheerness, 1838, watercolour

File:The Burning of the USS Missouri in Gibraltar.jpg|Mends was a witness to the burning of the United States steam frigate {{USS|Missouri|1841|6}} at Gibraltar 26 August 1843. His sketch was the basis for a painting by Edward Duncan. This litho from Thomas Goldsworthy Dutton is from that work.

File:HMS 'Eurydice' weighing anchor off Fort St Sebastian, Mozambique, 10 February 1849 RMG PU9404.jpg|{{HMS|Eurydice|1843|6}} weighing anchor off Fort St Sebastian, Mozambique, 10 February 1849. Mends was her senior lieutenant.

File:(Recto) HMS 'Ganges' off Fort Trinidad, Rosas Bay, south-eastern Spain, 9 October 1851; (Verso) Lord Nelson's House, Port Mahon, 12 November 1851 RMG PZ0860-001.jpg|A study of {{HMS|Ganges|1821|6}} off Fort Trinidad, Rosas Bay, south-eastern Spain, 9 October 1851; his brother William had been a flag lieutenant on Ganges in the 1840s

File:Valletta, Malta RMG PU9403.jpg|Valletta, Malta, sketch circa 1851

File:HMS 'Bellerophon' (1824), 50 Miles ESE of Malta, 1 Feb 1852 RMG PY0802 (cropped).jpg|{{HMS|Bellerophon|1824|6}}, 50 Miles ESE of Malta, 1 February 1852; made a lithograph by Charles de Brocktorff

File:(Recto) HMS 'Trafalgar' sailing into Malta Harbour with loss of her rudder head after a gale, 9 February 1852- (Verso) 'Trafalgar' under the Upper Barracca, Malta, 27 March 1852 RMG PZ0864.jpg|Mends made many drawings of HMS Trafalgar here is one, in his sketchbook, of her under the Upper Barracca, Malta, on 27 March 1852. She was there after losing her rudder at sea in February.

File:(Recto) 'Britannia' hove to in a calm to receive a boat, probably near Cape Carthage, flying the flag of Rear-Admiral Dundas, 27 April 1852; (Verso) HMS 'Vengeance' in Port Mahon, 26 May 1852 RMG PZ0867-002.jpg|His brother William's ship {{HMS|Vengeance|1824|6}} in Port Mahon, 26 May 1852.

File:(Recto) Gibraltar from the Queen of Spain's Chair, 22 January 1853 PZ0879.jpg|Gibraltar from the Queen of Spain's Chair, 22 January 1853.

File:Lighthouse on Pasha's Point, Gallipoli, at the entrance of the Dardanelles and Sea of Marmara RMG PU9390.jpg|Lighthouse on Pasha's Point, Gallipoli, at the entrance of the Dardanelles and Sea of Marmara, July–October 1853

File:The HMS 'Sans Pareil' in Besika Bay, 3 October 1853 (cropped).jpg|{{HMS|Sans Pareil|1851|6}} in Besika Bay, 3 October 1853

File:HMS 'James Watt' off Cronstadt, with the 'Centaur', 'Bulldog' and 'Imperieuse' in action near the Tolboukin lighthouse, August 1855 RMG PU9408.jpg|HMS James Watt and Mends were in action in the Baltic, here near the Tolboukin lighthouse, August 1855

File:HMS Conqueror wrecked.jpg|Mends was present, with HMS Edgar, as attempts were made in vain to salvage HMS Conqueror, on Rum Cay, in the Bahamas, January 1862

File:HMS Helicon (1865) PAF6174.jpg|{{HMS|Helicon|1865|6}}, circa 1865

File:Coastal scene in poor weather, with two women seated on a promenade bench under a lamp post, one with an umbrella, looking out to sea RMG PZ0884.jpg|Mends was on half pay at the time of the sketch, and the two ladies looking out to sea are thought to be his wife and daughter

References

{{reflist|refs=

{{Cite NBD1849|wstitle=Mends, William Bowen |pages=754–755}}

{{Cite NBD1849 |wstitle=Mends, George Pechell |page=754}}

{{Cite web|url=http://archive.org/details/lifeofadmiralsir00menduoft|title=Life of Admiral Sir William Robert Mends, G.C.B., late director of transports|first=Bowen Stilon|last=Mends|date=14 April 1899|publisher=London : J. Murray|via=Internet Archive|access-date=17 April 2020}}

{{cite web |title=Baptism Register |url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:939N-QW9T-RW?i=16&cc=1804330 |website=FamilySearch |publisher=LDS |access-date=7 March 2020 |location=Saint Budeaux parish |page=6 |date=10 May 1815}}

{{cite web |title=William Bowen Mends Admiral R. N. |url=https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/KFPN-P9Q |website=familysearch |publisher=LDS |access-date=17 April 2020}}

{{cite news |title=Admiralty 12 April |url=https://newspaperarchive.com/other-articles-clipping-apr-14-1866-1764488/ |access-date=21 May 2020 |agency=Admiralty |publisher=London Daily News |date=14 April 1866 |location=London, Middlesex |page=6 |quote=Admiralty, April 13. Frederick Thomas has this day been promoted boatswain of the second class, for gallantry in action against pirates.}}

{{cite news |title=Death of Captain Mends, R. N. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/46273626/george-pechell-mends-obit/ |access-date=7 March 2020 |publisher=The Morning Post |date=19 September 1871 |quote=For some years he has been living in Plymouth, latterly at Seaton-terrace, Mutley plain, and on Friday had just risen from his bed when he fell, and died within a short time. Disease of the heart, from which he had been suffering, is supposed to be the cause of death. Deceased was about 60 years of age, and was well known in Plymouth.|page=6|via=newspapers.com}}

{{cite web |title=Captain George Pechell Mends (circa 1814 – 1871) |url=https://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections.html#!csearch;authority=subject-90679;browseBy=collection |website=National Maritime Museum |access-date=7 March 2020}}

{{cite web |title=The loss of HMS 'Conqueror',100 guns, on Rum Cay, Bahamas, 29 December 1861 |url=https://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/113560.html |website=National Maritime Museum |access-date=1 June 2020}}

{{cite web |title=The Burning of the United States steam frigate Missouri at Gibraltar Augt 26th 1843... falling of the mainmast and explosion of the last gun... everybody had quitted the vessel |url=https://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/140844.html |website=National Maritime Museum |access-date=1 June 2020}}

{{cite ODNB |last1=Laughton |first1=J. K. |last2=Morriss |first2=Roger |editor1-first=Roger |editor1-last=Morriss |title=Mends, Sir Robert |url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/18558 |year=2004 |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/18558 |access-date=17 April 2020 |archive-url=https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/18558 |archive-date=17 April 2020 |quote=Sir Robert Mends (1767?–1823)}}

{{cite news |title=Notice - George Pechell Mends |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/46273209/george-pechell-mends/ |access-date=7 March 2020 |publisher=The Pall Mall Gazette |date=19 September 1871 |quote=Captain George Pechell Mends, R.N., died suddenly on Friday last of heart disease, in his sixtieth year. He was a nephew of the late Commodore Sir Robert Mends, Knight, G.C.B., son of Admiral William Bowen Mends. He entered the navy in 1824, and at the time of his death had been for several years on half-pay.|page=4|via=newspapers.com}}

{{cite journal |last1=Green |first1=Geoffrey |title=Anglo-Jewish Trading Connections with Officers and Seamen of the Royal Navy, 1740—1820 |journal=Jewish Historical Studies |volume=29 |pages=97–133 |date=1982–1986 |jstor=29779812}}

{{cite news |title=Deaths |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/46404628/ |access-date=14 April 2020 |publisher=The Leeds Mercury, Leeds, West Yorkshire |date=11 February 1864 |quote=Mends, Feb.7th, at Stoke, Devonport, aged 83, Admiral Wm. Bowen Mends.|page=2|via=newspapers.com}}

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