George Segal (artist)

{{infobox artist

| name = George Segal

| image = George Segal artist, in New Jersey studio.jpg

| image_size =

| caption = Segal in 1979

| alt =

| birth_name =

| birth_date = {{birth date |1924|11|26}}

| birth_place = New York City, U.S.

| death_date = {{death date and age |2000|6|9|1924|11|26}}

| death_place = South Brunswick, New Jersey, U.S.

| field = Sculpture, pop art

| training =

| movement =

| works =

| patrons =

| influenced by =

| influenced =

| awards = Praemium Imperiale (1997)

}}

George Segal (November 26, 1924 – June 9, 2000) was an American painter and sculptor associated with the pop art movement. He was presented with the United States National Medal of Arts in 1999.{{Cite web |title=George Segal {{!}} Smithsonian American Art Museum |url=https://americanart.si.edu/artist/george-segal-4358 |access-date=2023-09-05 |website=americanart.si.edu |language=en}}

Works

File:Jan Wolkers (1964).jpg

File:George Segal Street Crossing.jpg, is typical of the look of his sculptures]]

File:The Holocaust Memorial at the California Palace of the Legion of Honor, San Francisco 1 crop.jpg, San Francisco, dedicated 1984.]]

Although Segal started his art career as a painter, his best known works are cast life-size figures and the tableaux the figures inhabited. In place of traditional casting techniques, Segal pioneered the use of plaster bandages (plaster-impregnated gauze strips designed for making orthopedic casts) as a sculptural medium. In this process, he first wrapped a model with bandages in sections, then removed the hardened forms and put them back together with more plaster to form a hollow shell. These forms were not used as molds; the shell itself became the final sculpture, including the rough texture of the bandages. Initially, Segal kept the sculptures stark white, but a few years later he began painting them, usually in bright monochrome colors. Eventually he started having the final forms cast in bronze, sometimes patinated white to resemble the original plaster.

Segal's figures have minimal color and detail, which give them a ghostly, melancholic appearance. In larger works, one or more figures are placed in anonymous, typically urban environments such as a street corner, bus, or diner. In contrast to the figures, the environments were built using found objects.

Life

Segal was born in New York; his Jewish parents were immigrants from Eastern Europe. His parents ran a butcher shop in the Bronx, then moved to a poultry farm in New Jersey where Segal grew up. He attended Stuyvesant High School, as well as the Pratt Institute, the Cooper Union, and New York University, from which he graduated in 1949 with a teaching degree.{{cite web|url=http://www.segalfoundation.org/about_bio.html|title=George Segal: Biography|publisher=The George and Helen Segal Foundation|access-date=August 18, 2014|archive-date=May 1, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501161315/http://www.segalfoundation.org/about_bio.html|url-status=dead}} In 1946, he married Helen Steinberg and they bought another chicken farm in South Brunswick, New Jersey, where he lived for the rest of his life.{{dead link|date=June 2016}} Turner, Elisa (December 20, 1998). [http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_docid=0EB4DBDD23876098&p_docnum=4&p_queryname=NaN&p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated4&p_nbid=H60S48QAMTE4NTg0NzQ0OS4yODY4NjU6MTo3OnJhLTE4ODg "Segal Exhibit Evokes Quiet Dignity of Humdrum Lives"]. Miami Herald. Retrieved July 31, 2007. "That compassion is also evident in the work ethic and personality of this artist, who's called himself a Depression baby and who speaks fondly of South Brunswick, N.J., where he's lived since the 1940s, as a working man's town."

During the few years he ran the chicken farm, Segal held annual picnics at the site to which he invited his friends from the New York art world. His proximity to central New Jersey fostered friendships with professors from the Rutgers University art department. Segal introduced several Rutgers professors to John Cage, and took part in Cage's legendary experimental composition classes. Allan Kaprow coined the term happening to describe the art performances that took place on Segal's farm in the Spring of 1957. Events for Yam Festival also took place there. After his death on June 9, 2000, he was interred at Washington Cemetery in South Brunswick, New Jersey.

His widow, Helen Segal, kept his memory and works alive, until her death in 2014, through the George and Helen Segal Foundation. The foundation continues this mission. George and Helen had three children.{{Cite web|url=https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/app/obituary.aspx?n=helen-segal-steinberg&pid=171442524&fhid=13962|title=Helen Steinberg Segal obituary|website=Legacy.com}}

Notable works

The Truck (1966)
The Billboard (1966), included in the Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Plaza Art Collection, Albany, NY{{cite web |title=Empire State Plaza Art Collection |url=https://empirestateplaza.ny.gov/art}}
The Laundromat (1966–67)
The Costume Party (1965–72), housed at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum{{dead link|date=June 2016}} {{cite web|url=http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/press-room/news/4799-recent-acquisition-george-segal |title=Guggenheim Acquires Sculptural Work by George Segal |date=August 8, 2012 |publisher=Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum |access-date=August 18, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140819090008/http://www.guggenheim.org/new-york/press-room/news/4799-recent-acquisition-george-segal |archive-date=August 19, 2014 |df=mdy }}
Parking Garage (1968), installed at the Paul Robeson Library at Rutgers University-Camden
Hot Dog Stand (1978), installed at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art
Abraham and Isaac (1978–79), commissioned in memory of the 1970 Kent State shootings; housed at Princeton University's Modern Sculpture Garden{{cite web|url=http://artmuseum.princeton.edu/campus-art/objects/31772#zoom=17&lat=40.34727&lon=-74.65807&layers=0BT|title=Abraham and Isaac: In Memory of May 4, 1970, Kent State University, 1978–79|work=Campus Art Princeton|access-date= August 18, 2014}}
Gay Liberation (1980), commissioned in memory of the 1969 Stonewall riots; the first piece of public art dedicated to LGBT rights; two castings, one now housed at the Gay Liberation Monument, Christopher Street Park, Manhattan; the other at Stanford University's Main Quad{{dead link|date=June 2016}} {{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.glbtq.com/arts/george_1s.html |title=George Segal's Gay Liberation |encyclopedia=GLBTQ Encyclopedia |access-date=August 18, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141124102501/http://www.glbtq.com/arts/george_1s.html |archive-date=November 24, 2014 |df=mdy }}
The Commuters (1982), installed in the New York City Port Authority Bus Terminal{{cite news|url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20082352,00.html|title=Sculptor George Segal's Model Commuters Are a Study in Terminal Patience|date=June 7, 1982|work= People |access-date= August 18, 2014}}
Japanese Couple against a Brick Wall (1982), Honolulu Museum of ArtHonolulu Museum of Art, wall label, Japanese Couple against a Brick Wall by George Segal, 1982, plaster, wood, paint and faux brick, accession January 28, 2013.
Holocaust Memorial at California Palace of the Legion of Honor (1984), in San Francisco
Man on a Bench (1986), making up the entirety of Chicago's smallest public park, Park No. 474
Abraham's Farewell to Ishmael (1987), presented at the Pérez Art Museum Miami between 2019-2023. The set of sculptures is part of PAMM's permanent collection{{Cite news |last=Uszerowicz |first=Monica |date=2020-01-16 |title=George Segal's Timeless Allegory of Human Discord |language=en |work=Frieze |issue=209 |url=https://www.frieze.com/article/george-segals-timeless-allegory-human-discord |access-date=2023-02-21 |issn=0962-0672}}{{Cite web |title=George Segal: Abraham's Farewell to Ishmael • Pérez Art Museum Miami |url=https://www.pamm.org/en/exhibition/george-segal-abrahams-farewell-to-ishmael/ |access-date=2023-02-21 |website=Pérez Art Museum Miami |language=en-US}}
Chance Meeting (1991), installed on campus of the University of Hawaii at Manoa
Depression Bread Line (1991), installed in the rooftop Sculpture Garden of the Madison Museum of Contemporary Art (Madison, WI)
Street Crossing (1992), installed in the College Avenue Promenade at Montclair State University{{cite news| author = Staff | url=http://www.montclair.edu/news/article.php?ArticleID=6751|title=George Segal Sculptures Walk to New Location at Montclair State|date=December 2, 2010| publisher= Montclair State University |access-date= June 26, 2016}}

Recognition

The George Segal Gallery at Montclair State University opened in spring 2006.
His collected papers are housed in the Princeton University Library.{{cite web|url=http://findingaids.princeton.edu/collections/C1303?id=ark:/88435/tx31qh77q|title=George Segal Papers| publisher = Firestone Library, Princeton University|access-date= August 18, 2014}}

=Honors and awards=

(1992) Lifetime Achievement in Contemporary Sculpture Award, International Sculpture Center, Hamilton, New Jersey, United StatesInternational Sculpture Center website. [http://www.sculpture.org/documents/awards/life.shtml 'Lifetime Achievement in Contemporary Sculpture Award' webpage]. Retrieved February 20, 2010.
(1997) Praemium Imperiale, Japan
(1999) National Medal of Arts, United States

=Films=

Segal's legs appeared in John Lennon and Yoko Ono's 1971 film Up Your Legs Forever.{{cite book|author=Jonathan Cott|title=Days That I'll Remember: Spending Time With John Lennon & Yoko Ono|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ei8DAwAAQBAJ|date=16 July 2013|publisher=Omnibus Press|isbn=978-1-78323-048-8|page=74}}
George Segal (1980). Directed by Michael Blackwood. Documentary about Segal, who discusses and is shown creating his bronze sculpture Abraham and Isaac, which was originally intended as a memorial for the Kent State shootings of 1970.
George Segal: American Still Life (2001). Directed by Amber Edwards. Television documentary about his life and work.{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1446073/mediaindex|title=George Segal: American Still Life| publisher = Internet Movie Database |access-date= August 18, 2014}}

References

;Notes

;Bibliography

Busch, Julia M. (1974). [http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/ow/4ed0b0bd878eaf2a.html A Decade of Sculpture: The New Media in the 1960s]. The Art Alliance Press: Philadelphia; [http://www.aupresses.com/ Associated University Presses]: London. {{ISBN|0-87982-007-1}}.

External links

[http://www.segalfoundation.org/ George and Helen Segal Foundation]
[https://web.archive.org/web/20100714133942/http://diglib.princeton.edu/ead/getEad?id=ark%3A%2F88435%2Ftx31qh77q The George Segal Papers at Princeton University]
[http://speccoll.library.kent.edu/4may70/exhibit/memorials/segal.html "Abraham and Isaac", Princeton University] Retrieved April 21, 2011
[http://artnerdnewyork.tumblr.com/post/1401697943 The Commuters, Port Authority Bus Terminal, New York City] Retrieved April 21, 2011
[https://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19830103,00.html George Segal – Time magazine "Machine of the Year: The Computer Moves In"] (January 3, 1983]
[http://cdm15264.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16075coll3/id/29 George Segal – "Portraits in Plaster". The Baltimore Museum of Art: Baltimore, Maryland, 1967] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151030191616/http://cdm15264.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p16075coll3/id/29 |date=October 30, 2015 }} Retrieved June 26, 2012

Category:1924 births

Category:2000 deaths

Category:20th-century American sculptors

Category:20th-century American male artists

Category:American male sculptors

Category:Jewish American sculptors

Category:Jewish American painters

Category:American pop artists

Category:Artists from New York City

Category:Cooper Union alumni

Category:American male painters

Category:New York University alumni