Georges Giraud

{{blockquote

|text= Georges Giraud a été plusieurs fois lauréat de notre Académie.(English translation): "Georges Giraud was several times recipient of our Academy".

|sign= Élie Cartan

|source= {{harv|Cartan|1943|p=518}}.

}}

The scientific work of Georges Giraud was widely acknowledged and earned him several prizes, mainly, but not exclusively, awarded him by the French Academy of Sciences: he was seven times recipient of academy prizes.

In 1919, he was awarded the "Prix Francœur" for his work on the theory of automorphic functions:See the #{{harvid in the "Comptes rendus". the members of the commission who examined his work and nominated him were Camille Jordan, Paul Appell, Marie Georges Humbert, Jacques Hadamard, Édouard Goursat, Joseph Boussinesq, Léon Lecornu and Émile Picard (the relator).Ibid. (#{{harvid). For the same motivation,See the #{{harvid in the "Comptes rendus", and reference {{harv|AMS|1924|p=282}}. On 17 December 1923 he was awarded the "Gustave Roux" prize.According to the #{{harvid in the "Comptes rendus", the members of the examining commission were Albin Haller, Guillaume Bigourdan, Antoine Lacroix, Léon Guignard, Paul Appell, and Émile Picard again as the relator.

In 1924 he won the Hirn Foundation Prize, for his whole scientific work:See the #{{harvid in the "Comptes rendus", and reference {{harv|AMS|1925|p=282}}. According to the first reference, the amount of the prize was 2500 French francs. he won again the same prize in 1935,See the #{{harvid in the "Comptes rendus", and reference {{harv|AMS|1936|p=172}}. for his work on singularities of boundary value problems in the theory of partial differential equations."..., pour sex travaux sul les singularités dans les problèmes aux limites de la théorie des équations aux dérivées partielles", as it is precisely stated in the #{{harvid.

In 1928 Giraud won the "Grand Prix des sciences Mathématiques" for his work in the theory of partial differential equations:See the #{{harvid in the "Comptes rendus", and reference {{harv|AMS|1929|p=281}}. for the same motivation, in 1930 he was also awarded the "Prix Houllevigue".See the #{{harvid in the "Comptes rendus", and reference {{harv|AMS|1931|p=281}}. In the same year, he was also awarded the prize of the Lasserre foundation.See {{harv|AMS|1931|p=281}}.

In 1933 he was recipient of the Prix Saintour, for his work on partial differential and integral equations.See the #{{harvid in the "Comptes rendus", and reference {{harv|AMS|1934|p=205}}.

Finally, in 1935, apart from winning the Hirn foundation prize for a second time, he was awarded the prize of the Annali della Reale Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, equally divided between him, Guido Ascoli and Pietro Buzano:See {{harv|AMS|1936|p=178}} and {{harv|Tonelli|1936|p=III}}. the members of the jury who awarded ex-aequo the prize were Guido Fubini, Mauro Picone and Giovanni Sansone.According to {{harv|Tonelli|1936}}, who reports excerpts from the conclusive relation of the jury. {{harv|Tonelli|1936|p=IV}} states also that the amount of the prize awarded to each of the three winners was 2000 Italian Liras.

On 14 December 1936, following up a proposal Jacques Hadamard made since 1931,See {{Harv|Tampieri|2014|p=89}}. Precisely, Jacques Hadamard presented Giraud for the election as corresponding member of the French Academy for three times, the first two being on 12 and on 26 January 1931. he was elected corresponding member of the French Academy of Sciences.See the obituary notices by {{Harvtxt|Cartan|1943|p=518}}, {{harvtxt|Bertrand|1943b|p=629}} and {{Harvtxt|Tampieri|2014|p=89}}, and also the #{{harvid reporting the detailed election results.

He was also a member of the Société Mathématique de France from 1913 to his death.See reference {{Harv|SMF|1946|p=2}}.

• {{Citation

|last = Giraud

|first =Georges

|title =Sur une classe de groupes discontinus de transformations birationnelles quadratiques et sur les fonctions de trois variables indépendantes restant invariables par ces transformations

|trans-title=On a class of discontinuous groups of birational quadratic transformations and the functions of three independent variables which are invariant respect to these transformations

|journal =Annales Scientifiques de l'École Normale Supérieure

|volume =32

|series =Série 3

|pages =237–403

|year =1915

|doi =10.24033/asens.688

|language =fr

|url =http://www.numdam.org/item?id=ASENS_1915_3_32__237_0

|jfm =45.1410.03}}.

• {{Citation

|last = Giraud

|first = Georges

|title = Équations à intégrales principales; étude suivie d'une application

|trans-title=Principal integral equations; a study followed by an application

|journal = Annales Scientifiques de l'École Normale Supérieure

|series = 3

|volume = 51

|pages = 251–372

|year = 1934

|doi = 10.24033/asens.842

|language = fr

|url = http://www.numdam.org/item?id=ASENS_1934_3_51__251_0

|mr = 1509344

|zbl = 0011.21604

}}, available at [http://www.numdam.org NUMDAM]. This is one of the first papers, together with independent works of Francesco Tricomi and Solomon Mikhlin, dealing with the multidimensional theory of singular integrals.

• {{Citation

|last = Giraud

|first = Georges

|title = Sur une classe générale d'équations à intégrales principales

|trans-title=On a general class of principal integral equations

|journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences

|place = Paris

|volume = 202

|pages = 2124–2127

|date = 29 June 1936

|language = fr

|url = http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3154f.image.r=Comptes+rendus+hebdomadaires+des+s%C3%A9ances+de+l.f2124.pagination.langEN

|jfm = 62.0498.01

|zbl = 0014.30903

}}, available at Gallica. In this short note, Giraud extends (without proof) the formula for the composition of two 2-dimensional singular integral operators using their symbols, introduced shortly before by Solomon Grigor'evich Mikhlin, to higher dimensional singular integrals.

• {{Citation

|last =Giraud

|first =Georges

|title =Sur une classe de groupes discontinus de transformations birationnelles quadratiques et sur les fonctions de trois variables indépendantes restant invariables par ces transformations

|trans-title=On a class of discontinuous groups of birational quadratic transformations and the functions of three independent variables which are invariant respect to these transformations

|place =Paris

|publisher =Gauthier-Villars

|series =Thèse

|pages =viii+167

|date =22 January 1916

|language =fr

|url =http://www.numdam.org/item?id=THESE_1916__10__R1_0

|jfm =46.0621.02}}. Georges Giraud's doctoral thesis, published also as {{harv|Giraud|1915}}.

• {{Citation

|last =Giraud

|first =Georges

|title =Leçons sur les fonctions automorphes. Fonctions automorphes de {{mvar|n}} variables, fonctions de Poincaré

|trans-title=Lectures on automorphic functions. Automorphic functions of {{mvar|n}} variables, Poincaré's functions

|place =Paris

|publisher =Gauthier-Villars

|series =Collection de monographies sur la théorie des fonctions

|year =1920

|page =123

|language =fr

|url =https://archive.org/stream/leonssurlesfon00girauoft#page/n7/mode/2up

|jfm = 47.0366.01}}, available from the Internet Archive.

• {{Citation

|last1 = Bouligand

|first1 = G.

|author-link =Georges Bouligand

|last2 = Giraud

|first2 = G.

|last3 = Delens

|first3 = P.

|title = Le problème de la dérivée oblique en théorie du potentiel

|trans-title=The oblique derivative problem in potential theory

|place = Paris

|publisher = Hermann

|journal= Actualités Scientifiques et Industrielles

|issue=219

|year = 1935

|page = 78

|language = fr

|zbl = 0012.16605

|jfm = 61.1263.01

}}, reviewed also by {{Citation

|last =Murnaghan

|first =F. D.

|author-link = Francis Dominic Murnaghan (mathematician)

|title = Review: G. Bouligand, G. Giraud and P. Delens, Le Problème de la Dérivée Oblique en Theorie du Potentiel

|journal =Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society

|volume =42

|issue =11

|page = 794

|year =1936

|url =https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1936-42-11/S0002-9904-1936-06438-4/

|doi =10.1090/S0002-9904-1936-06438-4

|doi-access =free

}}.

• {{Citation

|last1 = Ascoli

|first1 = G.

|author-link = Guido Ascoli

|last2 = Burgatti

|first2 = P.

|author2-link = Pietro Burgatti

|last3 = Giraud

|first3 = G.

|title = Equazioni alle derivate parziali dei tipi ellittico e parabolico

|trans-title=Partial differential equations of elliptic and parabolic type

|place = Firenze

|publisher = Sansoni Editore

|year = 1936

|language = it

|pages = IV + 186

|url = https://matematicaitaliana.sns.it/opere/404/

|jfm = 62.0547.04

}} (available from the "[http://mathematica.sns.it/ Edizione Nazionale Mathematica Italiana]"). A book collecting the winning papers of the 1935 prize of the Annali della Reale Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa.

• Cauchy principal value
• Potential theory
• Singular integral

{{Reflist}}

{{refbegin}}

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|title = Notes

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|volume = 30

|issue = 5–6

|pages = 280–284

|year = 1924

|url = https://www.ams.org/bull/1924-30-05/S0002-9904-1924-03925-1/home.html

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|author-link = American Mathematical Society

|title = Notes

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|year = 1925

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|author-link = American Mathematical Society

|title = Notes

|journal = Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society

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|year = 1929

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|author-link = American Mathematical Society

|title = Notes

|journal = Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society

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• {{Citation

|last = AMS

|author-link = American Mathematical Society

|title = Notes

|journal = Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society

|volume = 40

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|year = 1934

|url = https://www.ams.org/bull/1934-40-03/S0002-9904-1934-05817-8/home.html

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• {{Citation

|last = AMS

|author-link = American Mathematical Society

|title = Notes

|journal = Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society

|volume = 41

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|pages = 177–181

|year = 1935

|url = https://www.ams.org/bull/1935-41-03/S0002-9904-1935-06071-9/home.html

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• {{Citation

|last = AMS

|author-link = American Mathematical Society

|title = Notes

|journal = Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society

|volume = 42

|issue = 3

|pages = 172–175

|year = 1936

|url = https://www.ams.org/bull/1936-42-03/S0002-9904-1936-06270-1/home.html

|doi = 10.1090/S0002-9904-1936-06270-1

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}}.

• {{Citation

|last = Bertrand

|first = Gabriel

|author-link = Gabriel Bertrand

|title = Decés de M. Georges Giraud

|trans-title=Death of Mr. Georges Giraud

|journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences

|place = Paris

|volume = 216

|page =429

|date = 29 March 1943a

|language = fr

|url =http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3168z/f429.image

}}, available at Gallica. The announcement of the death of Georges Giraud given at the seance of 29 March 1943 at the French Academy.

• {{Citation

|last = Bertrand

|first = Gabriel

|author-link = Gabriel Bertrand

|title = Allocution

|journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences

|place = Paris

|volume = 217

|pages =625–640

|date = 20 December 1943b

|language = fr

|url =http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k31698/f629.image

}}, available at Gallica. The "Address" of Gabriel Bertrand of 20 December 1943 at the French Academy: he gives biographical sketches of the lives of recently deceased members, including Pieter Zeeman, David Hilbert and Georges Giraud.

• {{Citation

|author = Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

|contribution = Giraud, Georges

|title = Enciclopedia Treccani

|language = it

|year = 2008

|contribution-url = http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/georges-giraud/

|access-date = 16 November 2012}}. The biographical entry about Georges Giraud at the Enciclopedia Treccani.

• {{Citation

|last = Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles

|title = Prix Francœur

|journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences

|place = Paris

|volume = 169

|page =1202

|date = 22 December 1919

|language = fr

|url = http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k31220/f1202.image

}} (Giraud and other prize recipients thanks are reported at p. 322 of the same volume), available at Gallica.

• {{Citation

|last = Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles

|title = Prix Gustave Roux

|journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences

|place = Paris

|volume = 177

|page =1412

|date = 17 December 1923

|language = fr

|url = http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3130n/f1597.image

}}, available at Gallica.

• {{Citation

|last = Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles

|title = Fondation Hirn

|journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences

|place = Paris

|volume = 179

|page =1547

|date = 22 December 1924

|language = fr

|url =http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k31328/f1547.image

}} (Giraud and other prize recipients thanks are reported at p. 1580 of the same volume), available at Gallica.

• {{Citation

|last = Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles

|title = Prix fonde par l'État. Grand Prix des sciences mathématiqes

|trans-title=State prize. Grand prize of mathematical sciences

|journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences

|place = Paris

|volume = 187

|page =1239

|date = 17 December 1928

|language = fr

|url =http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3140x/f1239.image

}} (Giraud and other prize recipients thanks are reported at p. 1270 of the same volume), available at Gallica.

• {{Citation

|last = Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles

|title = Prix Houllevigue

|journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences

|place = Paris

|volume = 191

|page =1233

|date = 15 December 1930

|language = fr

|url =http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3140x/f1239.image

}} (Giraud and other prize recipients thanks are reported at p. 1270 of the same volume), available at Gallica.

• {{Citation

|last = Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles

|title = Prix Saintour

|journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences

|place = Paris

|volume = 197

|page =1529

|date = 11 December 1933

|language = fr

|url =http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3149q/f1531.image

}} (Giraud and other prize recipients thanks are reported at p. 1562 of the same volume), available at Gallica.

• {{Citation

|last = Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles

|title = Fondation Hirn

|journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences

|place = Paris

|volume = 201

|page =1289

|date = 16 December 1935

|language = fr

|url =http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k31328/f1547.image

}} (Giraud and other recipients thanks are reported at p. 1308 of the same volume), available at Gallica.

• {{Citation

|last = Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles

|title = Élections

|journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences

|place = Paris

|volume = 203

|page =1308

|date = 14 December 1936

|language = fr

|url =http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3155r/f1308.image

}}, available at Gallica. The announcement of the election of Georges Giraud as corresponding member of the "Geometry" section of the French Academy.

• {{Citation

|last = Les Secrétaires Perpétuelles

|title = État de l'Académie des Sciences. Correspondants. Sciences Mathématiques. Section Ire. – Géométrie

|trans-title=Status of the Academy of Sciences. Corresponding members. Mathematical sciences. First Section – Geometry

|journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences

|place = Paris

|volume = 208

|page =9

|date = 1 January 1939

|language = fr

|url =http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6238819v/f19.image

}}, available at Gallica. The year 1939 list of corresponding members of the "Geometry" section of the French Academy.

• {{Citation

|last = SMF

|author-link = Société Mathématique de France

|title = Vie de la société

|trans-title=Life of the society

|journal = Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France

|volume = 74

|pages = 1–3

|year = 1946

|language = fr

|url = http://www.numdam.org/item?id=BSMF_1946__74__p1_0

}}, available at [http://www.numdam.org NUMDAM].

• {{Citation

|first =Leonida

|last =Tonelli

|author-link =Leonida Tonelli

|editor-last = Ascoli

|editor-first = G.

|editor-link = Guido Ascoli

|editor2-last = Burgatti

|editor2-first = P.

|editor2-link = Pietro Burgatti

|editor3-last = Giraud

|editor3-first = G.

|chapter = Prefazione

|chapter-url =http://mathematica.sns.it/media/volumi/404/burgatti.pdf

|title = Equazioni alle derivate parziali dei tipi ellittico e parabolico

|trans-title=Partial differential equations of elliptic and parabolic type

|place = Firenze

|publisher = Sansoni Editore

|year = 1936

|language = it

|pages = III–IV

|url = http://mathematica.sns.it/opere/404/

|jfm = 62.0547.04

}} (available from the "[http://mathematica.sns.it/ Edizione Nazionale Mathematica Italiana]"). The "Preface" of Leonida Tonelli to the book {{harv|Ascoli|Burgatti|Giraud|1936}}.

• {{Citation

|last = Cartan

|first = Élie

|author-link = Élie Cartan

|title = Notice necrologique sur Georges Giraud

|trans-title=Obituary of Georges Giraud

|journal = Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences

|volume = 216

|language = fr

|date = 14 April 1943

|pages = 516–518

|place = Paris

|url = http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3168z.image.r=Comptes+Rendus+Academie.f516.langEN

|mr = 0010144

|zbl = 0028.19503

}}, available at Gallica.

• {{Citation

|last =Tampieri

|first =Daniele

|title =Giraud, Georges

|journal =L'Archicube

|volume =15 bis

|issue =Numéro spécial

|pages =88–92

|date = February 2014

|language = fr

|url =http://www.archicubes.ens.fr/download/705

}}. A short "notice nécrologique" (obituary) published on the periodic special issue dedicated to obituary notices of the journal of the A–Ulm, the association of former students, students and friends of the École Normale Supérieure.

• {{Citation

|last = Mikhlin

|first = Solomon G.

|author-link = Solomon Mikhlin

|title = Multidimensional singular integrals and integral equations

|place = Oxford-London-Edinburgh-New York-Paris-Frankfurt

|publisher = Pergamon Press

|year = 1965

|series = International Series of Monographs in Pure and Applied Mathematics

|volume = 83

|mr = 0185399

|zbl = 0129.07701

|pages = XII+255

}}. A masterpiece in the multidimensional theory of singular integrals and singular integral equations summarizing all the results from the beginning to the year of publication, and also sketching the history of the subject.

• {{Citation

|last = Miranda

|first = Carlo

|author-link = Carlo Miranda

|title = Equazioni alle derivate parziali di tipo ellittico

|place = Berlin – Göttingen – New York

|publisher = Springer Verlag

|series = Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete – Neue Folge

|volume = Heft 2

|year = 1955

|edition = 1st

|pages = VIII+222

|language = it

|mr = 0087853

|zbl = 0065.08503

}}.

• {{Citation

|last = Miranda

|first = Carlo

|author-link = Carlo Miranda

|translator-last=Motteler

|translator-first=Zane C.

|title = Partial Differential Equations of Elliptic Type

|place = Berlin – Heidelberg – New York

|publisher = Springer Verlag

|series = Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete – 2 Folge

|volume = Band 2

|orig-date = 1955

|year = 1970

|edition = 2nd Revised

|pages = XII+370

|doi = 10.1007/978-3-642-87773-5

|isbn = 978-3-540-04804-6

|mr = 0284700

|zbl = 0198.14101

}}.

• {{Citation

|last = Prössdorf

|first = S.

|author-link =Siegfried Prössdorf

|editor-last = Maz'ya

|editor-first = V. G.

|editor2-last = Nikol'skiǐ

|editor2-first = S. M.

|editor2-link = Sergey Nikolsky

|contribution = Linear Integral Equations

|title = Analysis IV

|publisher = Springer-Verlag

|place = Berlin–Heidelberg–New York

|year = 1991

|volume = 27

|series = Encyclopaedia of Mathematical Sciences

|pages = 1–125

|isbn = 0-387-51997-1

|mr =1098506

|zbl = 0780.45001

}} (also available as {{ISBN|3-540-51997-1}}).

• {{Citation

|last = Tricomi

|first = Francesco G.

|author-link =Francesco Giacomo Tricomi

|title =La mia vita di matematico attraverso la cronistoria dei miei lavori. (Bibliografia commentata 1916–1967)

|trans-title=My life as a mathematician seen through the chronicle of my works. (Annotated bibliography 1916–1967)

|place =Padova

|publisher =CEDAM – Casa Editrice Dott. Antonio Milani

|year =1967

|pages =XII+172

|language =it

|isbn =978-88-13-32679-1

|mr =0274255

|zbl =0199.28603

}}, is an annotated bibliography written by Francesco Tricomi in order to give a complete survey of his scientific work.

{{refend}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Giraud, Georges}}

Category:1889 births

Category:1943 deaths

Category:20th-century French mathematicians

Category:Members of the French Academy of Sciences

Category:French mathematical analysts

Category:Partial differential equation theorists