Gerald Haskins

Haskins was born in 1885 or 1886 at Papanui, a suburb of Christchurch, on the South Island of New Zealand. He was the son of Francis Thomas Haskins (c. 1830–1908) and his wife Elizabeth, née Gosling, (c. 1850–1909).{{Cite web |title=Gerald Haskins |url=https://www.geni.com/people/Gerald-Haskins/6000000016417971960 |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=geni_family_tree |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Francis Thomas Haskins |url=https://www.geni.com/people/Francis-Haskins/6000000075766940821 |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=geni_family_tree |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Elizabeth Haskins |url=https://www.geni.com/people/Elizabeth-Haskins/6000000075767171825 |access-date=2022-08-18 |website=geni_family_tree |language=en-US}}New Zealand Birth Certificate - Gerald Haskins - Registration No. 1886/3064New Zealand Death Certificate - Francis Thomas Haskins - Registration No. 1908/7202New Zealand Death Certificate - Elizabeth Haskins - Registration No. 1909/5505

Haskins' father was the Town Clerk of Christchurch; he had nominated the fields in which his three sons and one daughter would become qualified and in which all four did qualify. In young Gerald's case, it was engineering. He studied and graduated as a civil engineer at Canterbury College, University of New Zealand (now University of Canterbury). He had grown to be around six feet tall and well proportioned. While at university, Haskins excelled at amateur boxing and was captain of the football team.

After graduating, he first worked at Lyttelton Harbour, but left New Zealand to work in Australia, around 1911, initially returning each year during his leave to visit his girlfriend and future wife.{{Cite book |last=Arneil |first=S. F. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/27539212 |title=A firm foundation : the story of Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey, consulting engineers, 1928-1988 |date=1988 |publisher=Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey |others=Haskins & Davey Gutteridge |isbn=0-7316-2096-8 |location=Sydney |pages=7–8 |oclc=27539212}}

File:Gerald Haskins 1920.jpg site (1920)]]

His first job in Australia was with the N.S.W. Department of Public Works at Wagga—he was resident engineer for the town's new sewerage works in 1912{{Cite news |date=1912-06-29 |title=WAGGA SEWERAGE WORKS. |pages=2 |work=Wagga Wagga Express |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article145380693 |access-date=2022-08-20}}—and later he worked with them in Sydney. He then worked for the Hunter District Water Supply and Sewerage Board, as Assistant Engineer, based in Newcastle, from around 1917. He supervised the construction of Newcastle Reservoir No.2,{{Cite book |last=Arneil |first=S. F. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/27539212 |title=A firm foundation : the story of Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey, consulting engineers, 1928-1988 |date=1988 |publisher=Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey |others=Haskins & Davey Gutteridge |isbn=0-7316-2096-8 |location=Sydney |pages=8–9 |oclc=27539212}}{{cite NSW SHR|5062281|Newcastle Reservoirs Site|hr=02001|fn=EF14/04825|access-date=18 February 2020}}{{Cite news |date=1917-11-06 |title=MAKING A RESERVOIR. |pages=4 |work=Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners' Advocate |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article138736418 |access-date=2022-08-21}} completing it, in 1918, at below the estimated cost.{{Cite news |date=1918-07-30 |title=NEWCASTLE RESERVOIR. |pages=6 |work=Daily Telegraph (Sydney) |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239361121 |access-date=2022-08-21}} He was also a part of the efforts to capture enough water to meet the growing city's needs, pending the completion of the Chichester Dam.{{Cite news |date=1919-01-04 |title=HUNTER WATER SUPPLY. |pages=7 |work=Maitland Weekly Mercury |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article127121378 |access-date=2022-08-21}}

He returned to Public Works, as resident engineer for the construction of the Avon Dam, from 1920 to 1927. During this time he reported to the legendary civil engineer, Ernest de Burgh, who oversaw the entire Upper Nepean Scheme.{{Cite news |date=1920-06-27 |title=THE ROMANCE OF WATER CONSERVATION AROUND SYDNEY |pages=18 |work=Sunday Times |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article120518678 |access-date=2022-08-20}} Haskins had to manage the building and ongoing operation of a temporary town, with a population of over 1000, as well as managing the construction of the large dam itself. He established a good working relationship with Jock Garden, the powerful, left-wing Secretary of the Labour Council of New South Wales, and managed the site work without significant industrial disruption.

In October 1927, Haskins was appointed as the Chief Engineer of the Metropolitan Water Sewerage and Drainage Board, commonly known as the Water Board. He had not actually applied for the position but had been nominated for it, by the President of the Water Board, after the death of the incumbent. Being seen as an 'outsider', his appointment resulted in significant resentment.{{Cite news |date=1927-10-20 |title=BOARD'S MEN ARE SHELVED |pages=5 |work=Labor Daily |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article239835510 |access-date=2022-08-20}}{{Cite news |date=1927-10-20 |title=MR. GERALD HASKINS |pages=11 |work=Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16412920 |access-date=2022-08-20}} By December 1927, he had decided to remain with Public Works.{{Cite news |date=1927-12-13 |title=HASKINS STAYS |pages=11 |work=Sun |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article222738401 |access-date=2022-08-20}} However, he apparently relented and subsequently accepted the position. He called together the senior staff who, having been passed over for promotion, were the source of the resentment against him, and persuaded them to desist.

Haskins is credited with the design of the Woronora Dam. Work commenced in 1927, but construction was interrupted by the Great Depression and was not completed until 1941.{{Cite web |title=Woronora Dam {{!}} Heritage NSW |url=https://apps.environment.nsw.gov.au/dpcheritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?ID=5051466 |access-date=2022-08-21 |website=apps.environment.nsw.gov.au}}

The politician, Sir Thomas Henley, had been a member of the Water Board, for much of the time after 1903.{{Cite news |date=1933-02-24 |title=WATER BOARD. |pages=8 |work=Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article28030658 |access-date=2022-08-26}} From around 1930 to 1932, he clashed with Haskins over the need to continue the construction of the Nepean Dam, Henley preferred to direct funds to installing water mains, to connect more customers sooner to reticulated water, rather than spend it on the dam. Work on the dam was suspended in March 1930, due to the impact of the Great Depression. However, Haskins' opinion eventually prevailed.{{Cite news |date=1930-11-06 |title=SYDNEY'S WATER SUPPLY IS FACING DISASTER, SAYS ENGINEER |pages=7 |work=Daily Pictorial |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246185601 |access-date=2022-08-21}}{{Cite news |date=1930-11-07 |title=People in the "Pic" |work=Daily Pictorial |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246195479 |access-date=2022-08-21}} Not only did work on the project resume in 1933, but Haskins had, soon after his appointment as Chief Engineer, persuaded the Water Board to increase the dam height by 25 ft (7.6m), increasing the dam's capacity by nearly 50%. The dam was completed in September 1935, the fourth and last dam of the Upper Nepean Scheme.{{cite NSW SHR|5051477|Nepean Dam|hr=01368|fn=H08/00193; 125181; 13/03104|access-date=2 June 2018}}File:Gerald Haskins c.1931.jpg

From around 1922 to 1930, a pressure tunnel—still the third largest in the world—was constructed to carry water from the Potts Hill Reservoirs to a pumping station at Waterloo. When the concrete tunnel was pressure tested, it failed the test.{{Cite web |last=Haskins |first=Gerald |date=1931 |title=Sydney water-supply, design, construction and failure of pressure tunnel |url=https://ice.soutron.net/Portal/Default/en-GB/recordview/index/166907 |access-date=2022-09-25 |website=ice.soutron.net}} It and another pressure tunnel crossing of the Parramatta River became the impetus for a Royal Commission into the Water Board in 1932–33. Haskins gave technical evidence defending the design of his predecessor, J. G. S. Purvis. He responded robustly to another witness, Sir Thomas Henley, who accused Haskins of negligence,{{Cite news |date=1932-12-16 |title="UTTER RUBBISH" |pages=10 |work=Sun |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article230579930 |access-date=2022-08-20}}{{cite book |author=Heather Radi |title=Henley, Sir Thomas (1860 - 1935) |url=http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A090268b.htm |accessdate=29 September 2006 |publisher=Australian Dictionary of Biography}} despite the design of the tunnel and the commencement of its construction predating Haskin's appointment. It seems that Henley's attitude, by his own admission, stemmed from the circumstance of Haskins' appointment as Chief Engineer, and how for "at least three years he declared he had opposed the enormous waste in the board's engineering works and the discharge of the board's own trained men who were superseded by university-trained theorists, juniors from Public Works Department, and former associates of Mr Haskins."{{Cite news |date=1932-12-21 |title=PRESSURE TUNNEL. |pages=12 |work=Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16939855 |access-date=2022-08-20}} It was a deeply personal, acrimonious, and very unpleasant public dispute. Henley sued two fellow board members for damages in 1932;{{Cite news |date=1932-10-18 |title=SIR THOMAS HENLEY |work=Daily Advertiser |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article143064946 |access-date=2022-08-26}} he was not re-elected to the Water Board in February 1933, and withdrew the legal action in June 1933.{{Cite news |date=1933-06-20 |title=SIR THOMAS HENLEY |pages=2 |work=Daily Advertiser |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article143148412 |access-date=2022-08-26}}

A decision was taken, in June 1933, to line the entire length of the pressure tunnel with bituminous-lined steel pipe embedded in concrete,{{Cite news |date=1933-06-13 |title=POTTS HILL PRESSURE TUNNEL |pages=7 |work=Labor Daily |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236570928 |access-date=2022-08-20}} which allowed it to pass the pressure test. This work was completed by late 1935, and the much-delayed tunnel was a resounding success.{{Cite news |date=1935-10-23 |title=POTTS HILL PRESSURE TUNNEL |pages=15 |work=Construction and Real Estate Journal |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article222917317 |access-date=2022-08-20}} The solution had been proposed by Haskins in 1930, and endorsed by two prominent Australian civil engineers of the time, Edgar Ritchie and Henry Dare.{{Cite news |date=1933-06-03 |title=PRESSURE TUNNEL. |pages=17 |work=Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16970757 |access-date=2022-08-20}}

Until the 1920s, it had been usual to use iron pipes or even wood-stave pipes for water distribution, because welded-steel pipes corroded too quickly. In the United States ductile-iron pipes had been lined with cement-mortar. Haskins was among the first to see the potential of linings to allow large welded-steel pipes to be used. Haskins had encouraged one of the Water Board's engineers, S. T. Farnsworth, to experiment with the use of bituminous linings of welded-steel pipes. The two had sought and obtained permission from the Water Board to patent the process, giving the Water Board free use of their process, taken out a patent, and set up a companies to exploit it, Haskins Patent Pipe Linings Limited and Pipe Linings (Australasia) Limited.{{Cite news |date=1932-12-29 |title=Australian Company News |pages=3 |work=Daily Commercial News and Shipping List |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article160718310 |access-date=2022-08-21}}

Haskins had encouraged another engineer, William Tate, to experiment with the cement-mortar lining of steel pipes. Tate applied for a patent in 1931, but in 1932, Haskins opposed the patent, contending that Tate's process only covered lining pipes before installation, whereas Haskins claimed he himself had invented the process that allowed lining of pipes in situ. The matter went to the High Court, in April 1935{{Cite news |date=1935-04-10 |title=LAW REPORT. |pages=9 |work=Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17157823 |access-date=2022-08-20}} and it found in Tate's favour.{{Cite news |date=1935-06-12 |title=PATENT APPEAL UPHELD |pages=4 |work=Labor Daily |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article237500723 |access-date=2022-08-20}} Eventually, both 'Tate' and 'Haskins' processes were patented, and a company, Cement Linings Ltd, was set up to line pipes. In recognition that both men were working for the Water Board at the time of the experimental work, the Water Board was given free use of the process, but they had not asked the Water Board for its agreement to take out patents in their own names. (Over time, free use of the cement-mortar lining process was estimated to have saved the Water Board millions of pounds in construction costs.){{Cite book |last=Arneil |first=S. F. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/27539212 |title=A firm foundation : the story of Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey, consulting engineers, 1928-1988 |date=1988 |publisher=Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey |others=Haskins & Davey Gutteridge |isbn=0-7316-2096-8 |location=Sydney |pages=10 |oclc=27539212}}{{Cite news |date=1933-02-24 |title=TUNNEL SYSTEM ESTIMATED AT £4,000,000 |pages=8 |work=Daily Telegraph |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article247099727 |access-date=2022-08-21}}

The commercial arrangements relating to the patents and the pipe lining ventures came within the scope of Royal Commission looking into the Water Board,{{Cite news |date=1933-03-10 |title=WATER BOARD INQUIRY. |pages=5 |work=Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16980382 |access-date=2022-08-20}}{{Cite news |date=1933-03-04 |title=PUBLIC SERVANTS. |pages=14 |work=Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16961379 |access-date=2022-08-20}} adding to Haskin's woes.

The findings of the Royal Commission included that the design of the original pressure tunnel was faulty, as was the location and design of a similar pressure tunnel crossing of the Parramatta River. The findings were critical of Haskins' design of the remedial works—finding that he had made "errors of judgement"—and his and Farnsworth's holding "a financial interest in a patent which might conceivably have been an influence upon the discharge of their official duties".{{Cite news |date=1933-06-02 |title=COSTLY ERRORS. |pages=5 |work=Argus |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article4739668 |access-date=2022-08-21}}{{Cite web |title=Report of the Royal Commission of Investigation into Certain Matters under the Administrative Control of the Metropolitan Board of Water, Sewerage and Drainage : together with list of witnesses, appendices, exhibits, plans and Minutes of Evidence. |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/16896638 |access-date=2022-08-21 |website=trove.nla.gov.au}}

Even though the Water Board praised the remedial actions he had underway, Haskins retired from his position as Chief Engineer, in June 1933. He was still defending the design engineers who were criticised by the Royal Commission{{Cite news |date=1933-06-15 |title=DISAGREES IN PART |pages=11 |work=Daily Telegraph |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246240740 |access-date=2022-08-20}} and, by taking that stance and after being himself criticised by the Royal Commission, he had little option but to leave, as a matter of principle. Further, if he had stayed, his own choice of bituminous-lined welded-steel pipes for the remediation of the two tunnels—with the additional cost of the remediation, £955,000{{Cite web |date=7 Jun 1933 |title=Political Points, The Bulletin Vol. 54 No. 2782 |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-607026572 |access-date=2022-08-20 |website=Trove |page=10 |language=en}} and with associated delays—was likely to cause more controversy.

At the time he retired as Chief Engineer in June 1933, he was described by members of the Water Board as "one of Australia's great water engineers" and one board member stated, that Haskins had been lost to the Water Board because of "unfair tactics and much unjust criticism"; another said, "Mr Haskins had placed the water supply of Sydney on a safe and enduring basis." The success of the remediated pressure tunnel in 1935 and the completion of the Nepean Dam in the same year removed doubt about his reputation as a prominent and successful civil engineer. Haskins' nemesis, the increasingly erratic Sir Thomas Henley, fell from a Manly ferry and drowned, in May 1935; a coroner's inquest found that his death was accidental, although there is some evidence suggesting it was a suicide.{{Cite news |date=1935-06-05 |title=AN ACCIDENT |pages=15 |work=Sun |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article230249387 |access-date=2022-08-20}}{{Cite news |date=1935-05-15 |title=DROWNING OF EX-M.L.A. IN HARBOR |pages=5 |work=Labor Daily |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article236511456 |access-date=2022-08-20}}

Haskins was a friend of Cecil Hoskins, chairman and managing director of Australian Iron & Steel.{{Cite book |last=Hoskins |first=Donald G. |title=The ironmaster: the life of Charles Hoskins, 1851-1926 |date=1995 |publisher=University of Wollongong Press |isbn=0-646-20880-2 |location=North Wollongong |pages=121 |oclc=35521838}} The Hoskins family's fortune was originally built from the manufacture of iron and steel pipes. They had been major suppliers to the Water Board, and to other water supply ventures, since the 1890s.{{Citation |last=Parsons |first=George |title=Hoskins, Charles Henry (1851–1926) |url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/hoskins-charles-henry-6738 |work=Australian Dictionary of Biography |publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University |access-date=2020-05-27}} In 1908, they had taken over the ailing William Sandford Limited, and entered the iron and steel industry. From 1927 to 1932, Hoskins had been overseeing the progressive relocation of the company's operations from Lithgow to Port Kembla, where a new steelworks was built.

In 1933, having resigned from the Water Board, Haskins was appointed as an Assistant General Manager of the new steelworks at Port Kembla. Employment of a university-qualified engineer was an unusual development; Cecil Hoskins and many of those in his company's management were unconvinced of any benefits of a university education, something that in the longer term was detrimental to them and probably something difficult for Haskins to overcome in his new role.

His younger colleague from earlier days, Geoffrey Davey, was also put in charge of the installation of the company's new sheet mill. At the time, Australian Iron & Steel was facing serious difficulties, and it would merge with BHP in late 1935. Both Haskins and Davey had left, by 1935, when they set up an engineering consultancy practice in Sydney. Haskins' departure was almost certainly brought about by his disagreements with directors of the company.{{Citation |last=Campion |first=Edmund |title=Davey, Geoffrey Innes (1906–1975) |url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/davey-geoffrey-innes-9904 |work=Australian Dictionary of Biography |place=Canberra |publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University |language=en |access-date=2022-05-30}}{{Cite book |last=Arneil |first=S. F. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/27539212 |title=A firm foundation : the story of Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey, consulting engineers, 1928-1988 |date=1988 |publisher=Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey |others=Haskins & Davey Gutteridge |isbn=0-7316-2096-8 |location=Sydney |pages=7–11 |oclc=27539212}}{{Cite news |date=1935-09-07 |title=Advertising |pages=22 |work=Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17181253 |access-date=2022-05-30}}

After the difficult interlude at Port Kembla and vindicated by the successful pressure tunnel remediation, Haskins was ready for fresh challenges. He and Geoffrey Davey began their practice as consulting engineers, Haskins & Davey, around September 1935, working from an office in 'Asbestos House', an art-deco building at 65 York St, Sydney.{{Cite news |date=1935-09-07 |title=Advertising |pages=22 |work=Sydney Morning Herald |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17181253 |access-date=2022-08-21}}{{Cite web |last=Decoworks |date=2009-11-18 |title=Sydney Art Deco Heritage: Asbestos House |url=http://artdecoheritage.blogspot.com/2009/11/asbestos-house.html |access-date=2022-08-21 |website=Sydney Art Deco Heritage}}

Many towns were implementing schemes for reticulated water supplies and sewerage, and the practice was an immediate success. Notably, it provided advice for the later stages of the South West Tablelands Water Supply Scheme{{Cite news |date=1938-06-18 |title=PROPOSED WATER SUPPLY |pages=13 |work=Wagga Wagga Express |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article207559521 |access-date=2022-08-21}} and later the Central Tablelands Water Supply Scheme,{{Cite news |date=1938-11-18 |title=HALF MILLION WATER SCHEME ASSURED. |pages=3 |work=Leader |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article255215039 |access-date=2022-08-21}} but for many other places as well.{{Cite news |date=1936-12-24 |title=SEWERAGE SCHEME |pages=4 |work=Yass Tribune-Courier |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article249564885 |access-date=2022-08-21}}{{Cite news |date=1938-02-15 |title=INVESTIGATE WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE |pages=6 |work=Northern Star |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article225543694 |access-date=2022-08-21}}

Haskins & Davey had been working on some projects with the Melbourne-based practice of A. Gordon Gutteridge, established in 1928. Both practices saw the potential for work in Queensland and it was there that the two practices, working together, would first use the name 'Gutteridge, Haskins and Davey', in early 1937. On 1 January 1939, the two practices were officially combined, under the newly incorporated entity, Gutteridge, Haskins and Davey.{{Cite book |last=Arneil |first=S. F. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/27539212 |title=A firm foundation : the story of Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey, consulting engineers, 1928-1988 |date=1988 |publisher=Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey |others=Haskins & Davey Gutteridge |isbn=0-7316-2096-8 |location=Sydney |pages=21 |oclc=27539212}}

Gutteridge died in 1942{{Cite news |date=1942-02-23 |title=DEATH OF MR. A. G. GUTTERIDGE |pages=7 |work=Telegraph |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article172703477 |access-date=2022-08-18}} and also in 1942, Haskins retired,{{Cite book |last=Arneil |first=S. F. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/27539212 |title=A firm foundation : the story of Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey, consulting engineers, 1928-1988 |date=1988 |publisher=Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey |others=Haskins & Davey Gutteridge |isbn=0-7316-2096-8 |location=Sydney |pages=11 |oclc=27539212}} leaving Geoffrey Davey as the only original principal of the company.

Haskins had met Dorothy Stanisland in New Zealand, before he came to Australia. For three years he returned on his annual leave to see her, before the couple were married in Sydney in 1913. Their homes followed Haskins' jobs, including seven years living in a 'comfortable bungalow' in the temporary town at the Avon dam construction site. Four of their six children survived childhood: John (1917–1992), Geoffrey (b.1922), Phillip (b.1924), and Janet (b.1934). Their first child, a daughter, was stillborn at eight months, following a motor accident, and an infant daughter, Betty, died after catching poliomyelitis.{{Cite web |title=Died since returning to Australia ( by date of death), Haskins, John |url=https://www.230battalion.org.au/LestWeForget/DiedReturn.php?id=519}}

After Haskins retirement, in 1942, the couple moved to a property known as 'Clear Hills', at Duckmaloi near Oberon, where they became well-respected members of the rural community.{{Cite news |date=1946-12-02 |title=DUCKMALOI |work=Lithgow Mercury |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article219616088 |access-date=2022-08-20}} Their eldest son, John, became a prisoner-of-war of the Japanese, and the couple had no news of his fate for three years. During that time, the farm was worked with the assistance of six Italian prisoners-of-war, who were treated well by the Haskins family. Haskins was to live long enough to see his son return from captivity, in September 1945, but was in poor health by 1946.

Haskins died on 21 November 1946, following an operation at the Mater Hospital in North Sydney.

Dorothy Haskins died in 1985, severing the last connection between the original principals and the company that they founded. No longer known as Gutteridge, Haskins and Davey, the GHD Group is now a global professional services practice, owned by its employees. The "H' in its newer name is from Haskins.

Many of the water supply and sewerage projects that Haskins' efforts advanced still operate today—notably the Avon Dam, the Nepean Dam, the Woronora Dam, the Potts Hill pressure tunnel, and many towns' water and sewerage systems—and have been of lasting value to their communities.

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Category:1880s births

Category:1946 deaths

Category:New Zealand emigrants to Australia

Category:Australian civil engineers

Category:Year of birth uncertain

Category:People from Christchurch

Category:New Zealand civil engineers

Category:University of Canterbury alumni

Category:20th-century New Zealand engineers

Category:20th-century Australian engineers

Category:Colony of New Zealand people