German pavilion
{{Short description|Venice Biennale national pavilion}}
{{Use American English|date=May 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2019}}
The German pavilion houses Germany's national representation during the Venice Biennale arts festivals.
Background
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Organization and building
Architect Daniele Donghi designed the pavilion in a neoclassical style. It was built in 1909 and originally displayed Munich Secession works. The building was torn down and rebuilt by Ernst Haiger's design in 1938.{{sfn|Volpi|2013}}
The commissioner for the German contribution to Biennial is the Federal Foreign Office. On the recommendation of an advisory committee of museum directors and art experts, the ministry appoints a curator (formerly called a commissioner) responsible for the selection of the artists and the organisation of the contribution. This appointment is usually for two years in succession. The Sparkassen-Kulturfonds (culture fund) of the Deutscher Sparkassen- und Giroverband is the pavilion's main sponsor. The Goethe-Institut and, since 2013, the ifa Friends of the German Pavilion are also funders.Gareth Harris (May 15, 2013), [http://www.theartnewspaper.com/articles/Down-but-not-out-European-countries-invest-in-Venice-Biennale-pavilions/29572 Down but not out, European countries invest in Venice Biennale pavilions] The Art Newspaper.
From 1982 until 1990 the German Democratic Republic organized its own exhibitions in the former Pavilion of Decorative Art. Germany's pavilion was redesigned by Ernst Haiger and inaugurated in 1938 by the ruling Nazi government, a fact that has inspired artistic responses from some presenters.{{cite web |url=http://www.artinfo.com/news/story/33767/artinfos-comprehensive-guide-to-the-2011-venice-biennale-national-pavilions/ |title=ARTINFO's Comprehensive Guide to the 2011 Venice Biennale National Pavilions |work=ARTINFO |publisher=Louise Blouin Media |date=May 30, 2011 |access-date=October 22, 2011}}
At the 1993 Biennale, Germany's exhibition "Germania" by Hans Haacke involved destroying the Nazi era marble floor of the German pavilion.{{cite journal |last1=Muir |first1=Gregor |title=Gregor Muir on Hans Haacke's 'Germania' Pavilion at the 45th Venice Biennale |url=https://www.frieze.com/article/gregor-muir-hans-haackes-germania-pavilion-45th-venice-biennale |journal=Frieze |date=January 7, 2019 |issue=200 |access-date=16 May 2022}}
Representation by year
= Art =
- 1950 — Der Blaue Reiter (Curator: Eberhard Hanfstaengl)
- 1952 — Die Brücke (Curator: Eberhard Hanfstaengl)
- 1954 — Heinz Battke, Leo Cremer, Edgar Ende, Paul Klee, Karl Kunz, Oskar Schlemmer, Rudolf Schlichter, Hans Uhlmann, Mac Zimmermann (Curator: Eberhard Hanfstaengl)
- 1958 — Karl Otto Götz, Fred Thieler, :de:Julius Bissier, Rolf Cavael, Werner Gilles, {{ill|Otto Herbert Hajek|de}}, Wassily Kandinsky, Heinrich Kirchner, Fritz Koenig, Hans Mettel, Otto Pankok, Hans Platschek, E. Andreas Rauch, Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, Johanna Schütz-Wolff, Emil Schumacher, K.R.H. Sonderborg, Wilhelm Wessel, Hans Wimmer (Curator: Eberhard Hanfstaengl)
- 1960 — Willi Baumeister, Julius Bissier, Emil Cimiotti, Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, Rupert Stöckl, Werner Schreib, Ernst Weiers (Kurator Konrad Röthel)
- 1962 — Werner Gilles, HAP Grieshaber, Erich Heckel, Alfred Lörcher, Brigitte Meier-Denninghoff, Emil Schumacher (Curator: Konrad Röthel)
- 1964 — Joseph Fassbender, Norbert Kricke (Commissioner: Eduard Trier)
- 1966 — Horst Antes, Günter Haese, Ferdinand Ris (Commissioner: Eduard Trier)
- 1968 — Horst Janssen, Richard Oelze (Commissioner: Alfred Hentzen)
- 1970 — Kaspar-Thomas Lenk, Heinz Mack, Georg Karl Pfahler, Günther Uecker (Commissioner: Dieter Honisch)
- 1972 — Gerhard Richter (Commissioner: Dieter Honisch)
- 1976 — Joseph Beuys, Jochen Gerz, {{ill|Reiner Ruthenbeck|de}} (Commissioner: Klaus Gallwitz)
- 1978 — Dieter Krieg, Ulrich Rückriem (Commissioner: Klaus Gallwitz)
- 1980 — Georg Baselitz, Anselm Kiefer (Commissioner: Klaus Gallwitz)
- 1982 — Hanne Darboven, Gotthard Graubner, Wolfgang Laib (Commissioner: Johannes Cladders)
- 1984 — Lothar Baumgarten, A. R. Penck (Commissioner: Johannes Cladders)
- 1986 — Sigmar Polke (Commissioner: Dierk Stemmler)Michael Brenson (July 1, 1986), [https://www.nytimes.com/1986/07/01/arts/art-biggest-biennale-the-42d-opens-in-venice.html Biggest Biennale, The 42, Opens In Venice] New York Times.
- 1988 — {{ill|Felix Droese|de}} (Commissioner: Dierk Stemmler)
- 1990 — Bernd and Hilla Becher, {{ill|Reinhard Mucha|de}} (Commissioner: Klaus Bußmann)Michael Kimmelman (May 28, 1990), [https://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/28/arts/review-art-venice-biennale-opens-with-surprises.html Venice Biennale Opens With Surprises] New York Times.
- 1993 — Hans Haacke, Nam June Paik (Commissioner: Klaus Bußmann)
- 1995 — Katharina Fritsch, Martin Honert, Thomas Ruff (Commissioner: Jean-Christophe Ammann)
- 1997 — {{ill|Gerhard Merz (artist)|lt=Gerhard Merz|arz|جيرارد_ميرز_(مهندس)|de|Gerhard Merz (Künstler)|it|Gerhard Merz}}, Katharina Sieverding (Commissioner: Gudrun Inboden)
- 1999 — Rosemarie Trockel (Commissioner: Gudrun Inboden)
- 2001 — Gregor Schneider (Commissioner: Udo Kittelmann)
- 2003 — Candida Höfer, Martin Kippenberger (Curator: Julian Heynen)
- 2005 — Thomas Scheibitz, Tino Sehgal (Curator: Julian Heynen)
- 2007 — Isa Genzken (Curator: Nicolaus Schafhausen)
- 2009 — Liam Gillick (Curator: Nicolaus Schafhausen)
- 2011 — Christoph Schlingensief (Curator: Susanne Gaensheimer)
- 2013 — Ai Weiwei, Romuald Karmakar, Santu Mofokeng, Dayanita Singh (Curator: Susanne Gaensheimer) [Exhibition was held at the French pavilion]
- 2015 — Tobias Zielony, Hito Steyerl, Olaf Nicolai, Jasmina Metwaly and Philip Rizk (Curator: Florian Ebner)[http://www.spiegel.de/kultur/gesellschaft/kunst-biennale-venedig-florian-ebner-kuratiert-deutschen-pavillon-a-961120.html Kunst-Biennale Venedig: Florian Ebner kuratiert deutschen Pavillon] Spiegel Online, March 27, 2014.
- 2017 — Anne Imhof (Curator: Susanne Pfeffer)- (Winner of the Golden Lion for "Best National Participation"){{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/13/arts/anne-imhof-fierce-young-artist-and-choreographer-wins-venices-top-prize.html|title = Anne Imhof, Fierce Young Artist and Choreographer, Wins Venice's Top Prize|newspaper = The New York Times|date = May 13, 2017|last1 = Farago|first1 = Jason}}Alex Greenberger (October 27, 2016), [http://www.artnews.com/2016/10/27/anne-imhof-will-represent-germany-at-the-2017-venice-biennale/ Anne Imhof Will Represent Germany at the 2017 Venice Biennale] ARTnews.
- 2019 — Natascha Sadr Haghighian (Curator: Franciska Zólyom)Andrew Russeth (October 25, 2018), [http://www.artnews.com/2018/10/25/name-natascha-su%CC%88der-happelmann-natascha-sadr-haghighian-will-rep-germany-2019-venice-biennale/ Under the Name Natascha Süder Happelmann, Natascha Sadr Haghighian Will Rep Germany at 2019 Venice Biennale] ARTnews.
- 2022 — Maria Eichhorn (Curator: {{ill|Yilmaz Dziewior|de}})
References
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Bibliography
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- {{Cite web |last1=Russeth |first1=Andrew |title=The Venice Biennale: Everything You Could Ever Want to Know |work=ARTnews |date=2019-04-17 |url=http://www.artnews.com/2019/04/17/the-venice-biennale-everything-you-could-ever-want-to-know/ |language=en-US |access-date=2019-04-22 |df=mdy-all }}
- {{cite book |last=Volpi |first=Cristiana |editor-last1=Re Rebaudengo |editor-first1=Adele |year=2013 |title=Pavilions and Garden of Venice Biennale |page=182 |chapter=Germany |publisher=Contrasto |location=Rome |isbn=978-88-6965-440-4 }}
{{refend}}
Further reading
{{refbegin}}
- {{Cite book |last1=Becker |first1=Christoph |editor-last1=Moore |editor-first1=Elke aus dem |editor-last2=Zeller |editor-first2=Ursula |editor3=Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen |translator-last1=Bohan |translator-first1=Ann Marie |translator-last2=Laurie |translator-first2=Eileen |translator-last3=Nichols |translator-first3=Catherine |chapter=The Venice Biennale and Germany's Contributions from 1895 to 1942 |title=Germany's contributions to the Venice Biennale 1895–2007 |pages=63–88 |date=2009 |isbn=978-3-8321-9249-5 |publisher=DuMont |location=Cologne |oclc=406143089 |df=mdy-all }}
- {{Cite journal |last1=Leister |first1=Wiebke |title=Photography In-the-Round: Gerhard Richter's '48 Portraits', 1972 and 1998 |journal=Photographies |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=217–246 |date=July 2014 |doi=10.1080/17540763.2014.933399 |s2cid=191598180 |issn=1754-0763 |df=mdy-all }}
- {{Cite book |editor-last1=Moore |editor-first1=Elke aus dem |editor-last2=Zeller |editor-first2=Ursula |editor3=Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen |translator-last1=Bohan |translator-first1=Ann Marie |translator-last2=Laurie |translator-first2=Eileen |translator-last3=Nichols |translator-first3=Catherine |title=Germany's contributions to the Venice Biennale 1895–2007 |date=2009 |language=en |isbn=978-3-8321-9249-5 |publisher=DuMont |location=Cologne |oclc=406143089 |df=mdy-all }}
- {{Cite web |last1=Ostrow |first1=Saul |title=Venice Preview: Liam Gillick |work=Art in America |date=2009-06-02 |url=https://www.artinamericamagazine.com/news-features/magazines/liam-gillick/ |access-date=2018-06-20 |df=mdy-all }}
- {{Cite journal |last1=Ostrow |first1=Saul |title=Liam Gillick: Practical Considerations |journal=Art in America |volume=97 |issue=6 |pages=130–136 |date=June 2009 |issn=0004-3214 |df=mdy-all }}
- {{Cite journal |last1=Verhagen |first1=Erik |last2=Penwarden |first2=Charles |title=Georg Baselitz: 'I'm not a good student.' |journal=Art Press |issue=381 |pages=49–50 |date=September 2011 |url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asu&AN=525509102&site=ehost-live |issn=0245-5676 |via=EBSCOhost |df=mdy-all }}
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External links
- {{official website}}
{{Venice Biennale}}
{{Portal bar|Germany|Visual arts}}