Gerry Wall

{{Infobox officeholder

| honorific-prefix = The Honourable

| name = Sir Gerard Wall

| honorific-suffix = FRCS

| nationality = New Zealand

| image = Dr Gerald Wall, 1972.jpg

| caption = Wall speaking in 1972

| order = 21st Speaker of the House of Representatives

| primeminister = David Lange

| deputy = John Terris

| term_start = 28 May 1985

| term_end = 16 September 1987

| predecessor = Sir Basil Arthur

| successor = Kerry Burke

| constituency_MP1 = Porirua

| parliament1 = New Zealand

| term_start1 = 29 November 1969

| term_end1 = 15 August 1987

| predecessor1 = Henry May

| successor1 = Graham Kelly

| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1920|1|24}}

| birth_place = Christchurch, New Zealand

| death_date = {{death date and age|1992|11|22|1920|1|24|df=yes}}

| death_place = Wellington, New Zealand

| spouse = Uru Raupo Cameron

| children = 5

| profession = Doctor

| party = Labour

}}

Sir Gerard Aloysius Wall (24 January 1920 – 22 November 1992) was a surgeon and a politician in New Zealand. He was Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives from 1985 to 1987. He was a member of the Labour Party.

Wall was noted for his firmly held socially conservative views and opposition to legalising abortion and homosexuality, which frequently brought him into conflict with his contemporaries. Porirua Mayor John Burke said of Wall "He was a man who had the courage of his convictions – if he felt strongly about any issue it concerned him little who or how many disagreed."{{cite news |title=Sir Gerard Wall 'had courage of convictions' |date=23 November 1992 |work=The Evening Post |page=3 }}

Biography

=Early life and career=

Born in Christchurch, New Zealand, in 1920, he was the son of Edmund Wall.{{cite book | title=Who's Who in New Zealand | edition=11th | editor-first=James Edward | editor-last=Traue |editor-link=Jim Traue |year=1978 | publisher=Reed | location=Wellington | page=279}} He was educated at St Bede's College then attended Canterbury University College for two years studying law before instead deciding on a career in medicine. To earn enough money to pay for his medical studies he worked at various times on farms as a labourer, shearer, shed hand, and musterer.{{cite news |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19850510.2.50 |title=Speaker born in Christchurch |date=10 May 1985 |work=The Press |page=4 }} He completed courses at the University of Otago, graduating with an MBChB. After graduation he worked as a house surgeon in Christchurch and as a general practitioner in Denniston on the West Coast.

He then went to Britain and qualified as a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons, specialising in orthopaedic and plastic surgery. On return to New Zealand he became medical superintendent of Wairau Hospital, Blenheim from 1960 until 1969.

=Political career=

{{NZ parlbox

|start = {{NZ election link year|1969}}

|end = 1972

|term = 36th

|electorate = {{NZ electorate link|Porirua}}

|party = New Zealand Labour Party

}}

{{NZ parlbox

|start = {{NZ election link year|1972}}

|end = 1975

|term = 37th

|electorate = Porirua

|party = New Zealand Labour Party

}}

{{NZ parlbox

|start = {{NZ election link year|1975}}

|end = 1978

|term = 38th

|electorate = Porirua

|party = New Zealand Labour Party

}}

{{NZ parlbox

|start = {{NZ election link year|1978}}

|end = 1981

|term = 39th

|electorate = Porirua

|party = New Zealand Labour Party

}}

{{NZ parlbox

|start = {{NZ election link year|1981}}

|end = 1984

|term = 40th

|electorate = Porirua

|party = New Zealand Labour Party

}}

{{NZ parlbox

|start = {{NZ election link year|1984}}

|end = 1987

|term = 41st

|electorate = Porirua

|party = New Zealand Labour Party

}}

Wall first entered politics at a local level and was a member of both the Marlborough Hospital Board and Blenheim Borough Council for two terms. He was also elected a member of the Labour Party's executive.

While in Blenheim, he first stood for Parliament in the {{NZ election link|1966}} against the incumbent Tom Shand of the National Party in the {{NZ electorate link|Marlborough}} electorate, cutting Shand's majority from 2,111 to 732, but was unsuccessful. Soon afterwards was invited to contest the Labour nomination in the 1967 Petone by-election. As a non-resident of the Wellington area, his mentioning caused surprise, ultimately however he was not selected as the candidate.{{cite news |work=The Evening Post |title=Labour Contenders Not Lacking For Petone Seat |date=10 February 1967 |page=22 }} The family moved to Porirua in 1968 and was on the staff of Porirua Hospital for one year. Ahead of the {{NZ election link|1969}} he put himself forward for the Labour Party nomination to stand in the newly created {{NZ electorate link|Porirua}} electorate. He beat out 11 other candidates including the mayors of Porirua and Wellington (Whitford Brown and Sir Frank Kitts).{{cite news |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19680424.2.158 |title=Dr Wall As Candidate |work=The Press |volume=CVIII |issue=31662 |date=24 April 1968 |page=18 }} He won the Porirua electorate (which neighboured the Petone electorate) in 1969.{{sfn|Wilson|1985|p=243}} Once in parliament he was a member of the Social Services and Maori Affairs select committees.

Wall was a member of the Catholic faith and his socially conservative views frequently led him to clash with other Labour MPs and party members. He, like Norman Kirk, was staunchly opposed abortion. At the 1972 Labour Party conference Wall chaired the health policy committee. A pro-choice remit was submitted to the committee reading "That the Labour Party when it becomes the government will give favourable consideration to liberalising the present legislation on abortion" which Wall recommended be amended to instead read "That we acknowledge the growing interest and concern to the world over the moral, medical and social problems involved in abortion. We believe that such a grave moral, medical and social issue is not one for hasty action, and that steps should be taken to establish reliably and authoritatively all relevant information and facts on abortion in New Zealand before any action is considered" which caused a notably heated debate on the conference floor.{{sfn|Hayward|1981|p=35}} His opposition to abortion went as far as to introduce a bill aimed at closing private abortion clinics. Wall's next clash with colleagues came over the Crimes Amendment Bill 1975 which would have legalised "homosexual acts" between consenting males over 20, which he opposed. Wall went as far as to propose a two-year prison sentence for anyone telling persons under the age of 20 that homosexual behavior was normal. When the vote was held Wall (as Speaker) did not vote against the bill however.

Wall had a reputation as a "prickly character" and his inclination to follow his convictions, even when they contradicted his colleagues, cost him political advancement. Consequently, he was overlooked for a place in cabinet during both the Third and Fourth Labour Governments. He was also thrice challenged for the Labour Party nomination in Porirua. In the lead up to the {{NZ election link|1975}} he was challenged for the nomination by Rosslyn Noonan, a feminist activist, in protest to his anti-abortion stance and members bill to close private abortion clinics, but was successful in defeating her challenge.{{cite news |title=Dr Wall for Porirua again |date=31 October 1974 |work=Auckland Star |page=2 }} Ahead of the {{NZ election link|1978}} he was again challenged for the nomination by Reverend Don Borrie, a local Presbyterian minister, believing Wall was "out of touch" with his constituents particularly regarding health issues.{{cite news |title=Wall faces challenge for Porirua |work=The Dominion |date=12 October 1977 |page=6 }} Wall was reselected by the Labour Party and claimed his reselection was an "absolute" endorsement of his stances on issues such as abortion.{{cite news |title=Wall beats oust effort |work=The Dominion |date=19 October 1977 |page=6 }} In the lead up to the {{NZ election link|1981}} the Porirua Labour Electorate Committee passed a motion of no confidence in him as part of an unsuccessful attempt to de-select him as the candidate.{{cite news |title=Challenge to Wall on 'jack-up' |date=5 March 1981 |work=The Evening Post |page=4 }} Parliamentary colleague Mike Moore said "He [Wall] was a man of fierce and strong opinions ... he was a unique character who made great sacrifices for his principles." In early 1980 he had been a member of the New Zealand Election Observation Group sent to Zimbabwe to impartially oversee that year's election.

He was elected as Speaker following Sir Basil Arthur's death in 1985 and served in this role until 1987.{{cite web|title=Biographies of Former and Current Speakers of the New Zealand House of Representatives |url= http://www.parliament.nz/resource/en-nz/00PlibHstBldgsHistoryResourcesBiographies1/5eb1acee1c741d2f58f1e08478dfaa68097ae46c |publisher=New Zealand Parliament |access-date=30 July 2012}} Prior to this Wall had been upset at being passed over for any responsibilities following Labour's victory and thus took to the role of speaker with enthusiasm. Colleagues thought he had a tendency to overdo his role and was too tough on opposition MPs, almost everyone was ejected from the chamber at least once during his two years as speaker.{{sfn|Bassett|2008|p=156}} As speaker he was the target of an unprecedented attack on his integrity by Sir Robert Muldoon in 1986. Muldoon issued a lengthy statement criticising how he thought Wall chaired sessions, particularly Wall's predilection for ejecting members from the house. Muldoon had previously moved a motion of no confidence in Wall (a rare occurrence) which was defeated.

A Labour Party rule necessitated his retirement after reaching 65 and he reluctantly retired at the {{NZ election link|1987}}. He was replaced in the Porirua electorate by Graham Kelly.{{cite news |first1=Hank |last1=Schouten |first2=Debra |last2=Strum |work=The Evening Post |title=New candidate Kelly runs into instant flak |date=30 April 1987 |page=1 }}

=Later life and death=

Wall retired in 1987 and was appointed a Knight Bachelor in the 1987 Queen's Birthday Honours.{{London Gazette |issue=50950 |date=13 June 1987 |page=31 |supp=4}} After retiring from parliament he worked as a weekend duty doctor at Porirua Hospital.{{cite news |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/CHP19880408.2.65 |title=Woman 'treated properly' |work=The Press |date=8 April 1988 |page=7 }} He died in 1992.

Personal life

He married Uru Raupo Cameron in 1951, a nurse from Northland.{{cite web|title=A Doctor Carries the Banner into Parliament |url= http://www.life.org.nz/abortion/aboutabortion/nzhistory17/Default.htm |publisher=The Life Resources Charitable Trust|access-date=30 July 2012}} They had two sons and three daughters. For recreational he participated in rugby (as both a player and referee) and climbing.

Citations

References

{{cite book | last= Bassett | first= Michael | author-link=Michael Bassett | title=Working with David: Inside the Lange Cabinet | year=2008 | publisher=Hodder Moa | location=Auckland | isbn=978-1-86971-094-1 }}
{{cite book |last=Hayward |first=Margaret |title=Diary of the Kirk Years |year=1981 |publisher=Reed Publishing |location=Auckland |isbn=0589013505 }}
{{cite book |last= Wilson |first= James Oakley |title= New Zealand parliamentary record, 1840–1984 |edition= 4 |orig-year= First ed. published 1913 |year= 1985 |publisher= V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer |location= Wellington |oclc= 154283103}}

{{s-ttl | title=Member of Parliament for Porirua | years=1969–1987}}

{{s-ttl | title=Speaker of the New Zealand House of Representatives | years=1985–1987}}

Category:1920 births

Category:1992 deaths

Category:New Zealand Labour Party MPs

Category:Speakers of the New Zealand House of Representatives

Category:Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives

Category:Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons of England

Category:New Zealand orthopaedic surgeons

Category:Medical doctors from Christchurch

Category:Politicians from Christchurch

Category:People educated at St Bede's College, Christchurch