Gers
{{short description|Department of France}}
{{other uses}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Gers
| native_name =
| native_name_lang = fr
| type = Department of France
| image_skyline = Auch - Préfecture -1.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Prefecture building in Auch
| image_flag = Flag_of_the_Department_of_Gers.png
| flag_alt =
| image_shield = Blason département fr Gers.svg
| shield_alt =
| nickname =
| motto =
| image_map = Gers-Position.svg
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Location of Gers in France
| pushpin_map =
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| coordinates = {{coord|43|39|N|0|35|E|region:FR_type:adm2nd|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint =
| coordinates_footnotes =
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = France
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| subdivision_name1 = Occitanie
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder =
| seat_type = Prefecture
| seat = Auch
| parts_type = Subprefectures
| parts_style = para
| government_footnotes =
| leader_party = PS
| leader_title = President of the Departmental Council
| leader_name = Philippe Dupouy{{cite news|url=https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/occitanie/gers/auch/philippe-dupouy-succede-a-philippe-martin-a-la-tete-du-departement-du-gers-2433550.html|title=Philippe Dupouy succède à Philippe Martin à la tête du département du Gers|work=France 3|date=25 January 2022}}
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_magnitude =
| area_footnotes = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2 = 6257
| area_note =
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| population_total = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
| population_as_of = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
| population_footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes2}}
| population_rank = 90th
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_note =
| blank_name_sec1 = Department number
| blank_info_sec1 = 32
| blank_name_sec2 = Arrondissements
| blank_info_sec2 = 3
| blank1_name_sec2 = Cantons
| blank1_info_sec2 = 17
| blank2_name_sec2 = Communes
| blank2_info_sec2 = 461
| timezone1 = CET
| utc_offset1 = +1
| timezone1_DST = CEST
| utc_offset1_DST = +2
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| footnotes = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries, and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km2
}}
Gers ({{IPA|fr|ʒɛʁ(s)}}; {{langx|oc|Gers}} or {{lang|oc|Gerç}}, {{IPA|oc|dʒɛɾs|}}) is a department in the region of Occitania, Southwestern France. Gers is bordered by the departments of Hautes-Pyrénées and Pyrénées-Atlantiques to the south, Haute-Garonne and Tarn-et-Garonne to the east, Lot-et-Garonne to the north and Landes to the west.{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Gers |volume=11 |page=904}} Named after the Gers River, its inhabitants are called the Gersois and Gersoises in French. In 2019, it had a population of 191,377.[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/6011060/dep32.pdf Populations légales 2019: 32 Gers], INSEE
History
In the Middle Ages, the Lordship of L'Isle-Jourdain was nearby.
Gers is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Guyenne and Gascony. In 1808 it lost Lavit on its north-eastern side to the newly created department of Tarn-et-Garonne.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fv3esqgryW4C&pg=PA63-PA64|title=The Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge: Tai-Wan to Titlarks, Volume 24|publisher=Charles Knight and Co|year=1842|location=London|pages=63–64|language=en}}
Culture
The culture is largely agricultural, with great emphasis on the local gastronomical specialties such as:
- Armagnac brandy;
- Côtes de Gascogne;
- Floc de Gascogne;
- Foie gras;
- Wild mushrooms.
Also, some prominent cultivated crops are corn, colza, sunflowers and grain.
The Gascon language is a dialect of Occitan, but it is not widely spoken. The department is characterised by sleepy bastide villages and rolling hills with the Pyrenees visible to the south. Alexandre Dumas, père created the famous Gersois d'Artagnan, the fourth musketeer of The Three Musketeers. A museum to d'Artagnan is found in the Gersois village of Lupiac.
A horse race at the Auteuil Hippodrome has been named after André Boingnères, a notable local race-horse owner and the successful Mayor of Termes-d'Armagnac between 1951 and 1976.
Politics
=Departmental Council of Gers=
The President of the Departmental Council of Gers is Philippe Dupouy of the Socialist Party since 2022. He succeeded Philippe Martin, who had been in office since 2014. The assembly comprises 34 seats, allocated as follow since the 2015 departmental elections:
| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
!colspan=2| Party | Seats |
| style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (France)}}" |•
|Socialist Party ||align="right"| 22 | |
|---|---|
| style="background-color: {{party color|Union for a Popular Movement}}" |
|The Republicans ||align="right"| 12 |
=Members of the National Assembly=
Gers elected the following members of the National Assembly during the 2017 legislative election:
| class="wikitable" | ||
| colspan="2"|Constituency | Member{{Cite web|url=https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/|title=Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français|first=Assemblée|last=Nationale|website=Assemblée nationale}} | Party |
|---|---|---|
| style="background-color: {{party color|En Marche!}}" | | ||
| style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (France)}}" | |
Demography
{{historical populations|cols=2|align=none|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:{{Cite web|url=http://splaf.free.fr/32his.html|title=Historique du Gers|website=Le SPLAF}}{{cite web|url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4176909?geo=DEP-32|title=Évolution et structure de la population en 2016|publisher=INSEE}}|graph-pos=bottom
|13=1801|14=257,609|15=1806|16=287,021|17=1821|18=301,336|19=1831|20=312,160|21=1841|22=311,447|23=1851|24=307,479|25=1861|26=298,931|27=1872|28=284,717|29=1881|30=281,532|31=1891|32=261,084|33=1901|34=238,448|35=1911|36=221,994|37=1921|38=194,406|39=1931|40=193,134|41=1936|42=192,451|43=1946|44=190,431|45=1954|46=185,111|47=1962|48=182,264|49=1968|50=181,577|51=1975|52=175,366|53=1982|54=174,154|55=1990|56=174,587|57=1999|58=172,335|59=2006|60=181,375|61=2011|62=188,893|63=2016|64=190,664}}
Located in Southwestern France, Gers is often referred to as amongst the least densely populated (30.5 people/km2 in 2016), least urban, or most rural, areas in all of Western Europe. List of the 10 most populous communes of the department:
| class=wikitable
! Commune ! Population (2019) |
| Auch
| style="text-align: center;" | 22,173 |
| L'Isle-Jourdain
| style="text-align: center;" | 9,072 |
| Condom
| style="text-align: center;" | 6,493 |
| Fleurance
| style="text-align: center;" | 5,924 |
| Eauze
| style="text-align: center;" | 3,975 |
| Lectoure
| style="text-align: center;" | 3,672 |
| Vic-Fezensac
| style="text-align: center;" | 3,546 |
| Mirande
| style="text-align: center;" | 3,450 |
| Gimont
| style="text-align: center;" | 3,016 |
| Pavie
| style="text-align: center;" | 2,501 |
Climate
The annual rain varies from more than 900 mm in the south-west of the department, to less than 700 mm in the North-East (Auch, Condom, Lectoure).
The winters vary, with only occasional freezing temperatures, but the climate remains mild and dry. The amount of sunshine is about 1950 hours/years.
The summers are hot and dry. Auch is, together with Toulouse, Nîmes, Carpentras, Ajaccio, Marseille, Toulon and Perpignan, one of the hottest cities in France.
Tourism
According to recent data tourism represents annually:
- 610 000 tourists,
- 5.900.000 nights,
- 22.100 commercial beds,
- 2 400 paid employment related to tourism,
- the tourist represent an equivalent of 17.100 permanent inhabitants,
- their estimated expenditure is €141.000.000 .
File:Tower of Armagnac, Auch, Gers, France.JPG|Auch
File:Montréal Gers Place de l'hôtel de ville -1.JPG|Montréal, Gers
File:Larressingle - Enceinte fortifiée et tour ouest.jpg|Larressingle
File:Eglise Barran1.JPG|Barran
File:Armagnac-img 0465.jpg|Armagnac
File:Moulard Duck Foie Gras with Pickled Pear.jpg|Moulard duck foie gras with pickled pear
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{AmCyc Poster}}
- {{in lang|fr}} [https://www.gers.fr/ Departmental Council website]
- {{in lang|fr}} [https://www.gers.gouv.fr/ Prefecture website]
- Welcome to the Gers in Gascony [http://www.tourisme-gers.com Tourisme Gers - Vos vacances en France dans le Gers, coeur du Sud Ouest et de l'Occitanie]
{{Departments of France}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:1790 establishments in France