Gervais Street Bridge

{{short description|Historic bridge in South Carolina, United States}}

{{Infobox bridge

| bridge_name = Gervais Street Bridge

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| image = Gervais Street Bridge, Gervais Street spanning Congaree River, Columbia (Richland County, South Carolina).jpg

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| alt = A photograph from a low angle of a arch bridge spanning a river.

| caption = Photograph of the Gervais Street Bridge in 1986

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| carries = 4 lanes of {{Jct|state=SC|US|1|US|378}}

| crosses = Congaree River

| locale = Columbia, South Carolina

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| architect = Charles C. Randolph

| designer = Joseph W. Barnwell

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| design = Arch Bridge

| material = Reinforced concrete

| length = {{convert|1415|ft}}

| width = {{convert|36.1|ft}}

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| spans = 11

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| builder = Hardaway Contracting Company

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| begin = June 1926

| complete = {{Start date|1928|02}}

| cost = $597,167

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{{Infobox NRHP

| name = Gervais Street Bridge

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| locmapin = South Carolina

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| coordinates = {{coord|33|59|42|N|81|3|11|W|display=inline,title}}

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| added = 25 November 1980

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| refnum = 80003676

| mpsub = Historic Resources of Columbia{{Cite web |url=http://www.nationalregister.sc.gov/MPS/MPS008.pdf |title=Completed Multiple Property Submission form |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=20 July 2012}}

}}

Gervais Street Bridge is a historic bridge in South Carolina in the United States and it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is an arch bridge constructed from reinforced concrete. Construction began in 1926 and the bridge was completed in 1928. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

This is the third bridge to be built on this site across the Congaree River. The first, built around 1827, was burned down in the American Civil War and the second, built in 1870, was replaced by the current bridge. At the time of its construction it was the widest roadway in the state. It was the only bridge across the Congaree River until 1953.

Architecture

The bridge is an arch bridge constructed from reinforced concrete with open spandrels. The bridge is crossed by a roadway flanked by sidewalks. The balustrades along the edges of the bridge carry green-painted, cast iron light fixtures at intervals. The decorative fixtures of these lamp posts have the letter C and a palmetto palms on the bases, a vine pattern on the eight-sided post, and an acanthus leaf design on the necking. It is one of four open spandrel concrete bridges in South Carolina as well as the oldest and most decorative of the three bridges that cross the Congaree River.{{Cite book |title=Scenes from Columbia's Riverbanks |first=Vennie |last=Deas-Moore |publisher=The History Press |year=2008 |isbn=9781596293625 |pages=30–31}}

Geography

The Gervais Street Bridge is located in Columbia, South Carolina. It carries U.S. Route 1 (US 1) and US 378 across the Congaree River. Within the city, the bridge links Gervais Street on the east bank to Meeting Street on the west bank. The bridge connects Columbia with the south and west parts of South Carolina. This bridge is close to the site where the Broad River and the Saluda River meet to form the Congaree River.

History

This is the third bridge built on this site.{{Cite book |title=Columbia Civil War Landmarks |first=Tom |last=Elmore |publisher=The History Press |year=2011 |isbn=9781609491215 |page=30}} The remains of both previous bridges can be seen north of the current Gervais Street Bridge.

The first was a wooden bridge. The Columbia Bridge Company was charted in 1819 to construct the bridge and it was completed in about 1827.{{Cite book |title=An Architectural History of the South Carolina College, 1801-1855 |first=John Morrill |last=Bryan |publisher=University of South Carolina Press |date=1976 |page=9}} The early planners of Columbia intended Senate Street and Assembly Street to be the two main thoroughfares of the city. However, for engineering reasons, the bridge across the Congaree River was constructed at the foot of Gervais Street, which caused the traffic to bypass Senate Street. The latter became a residential area instead while Gervais Street acquired more activity and commerce; which was further enhanced with the arrival of major railroads.

The Confederate States Army burned the first bridge in 1865 to delay the progress of General Sherman's army during the American Civil War. The second bridge was constructed in 1870. It was privately owned until 1912, when it was purchased by Richland County in cooperation with Lexington County.

The building of the current bridge began in February 1926 and the bridge was completed in June 1928.{{Cite web |url=http://www.nationalregister.sc.gov/richland/S10817740059/index.htm |title=Gervais Street Bridge, Richland County |work=South Carolina Department of Archives and History |access-date=20 July 2012}} It was designed by the bridge engineer for the State Highway Department, Joseph W. Barnwell of Charleston, and constructed by the Hardaway Contracting Company of Columbus, Georgia. Until 1953, Gervais Street Bridge was the only bridge across the Congaree River. At the time of its construction it was the widest roadway in the state.

Gervais Street Bridge was nominated for the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Historic Resources of Columbia multiple property submission. It was listed on 25 November 1980.

References

External links

{{HAER |survey=SC-16 |id=sc0757 |title=Gervais Street Bridge, Gervais Street spanning Congaree River, Columbia, Richland County, SC |photos=12 |color=2 |data=2 |cap=2}}

Category:Buildings and structures in Columbia, South Carolina

Category:Bridges completed in 1928

Category:Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina

Category:Historic American Engineering Record in South Carolina

Category:National Register of Historic Places in Richland County, South Carolina

Category:1928 establishments in South Carolina

Category:U.S. Route 1

Category:Bridges of the United States Numbered Highway System

Category:Concrete bridges in the United States

Category:Open-spandrel deck arch bridges in the United States