Ghauri-II

The Ghauri program was developed alongside the Shaheen program with a need to attained the ground-based second strike capability in an event of Pakistan's military losing ground against the Indian Army.{{cite news|last1=Lodhi|first1=SFS|title=New round of Indo-Pak Ballistic Missiles|url=http://www.defencejournal.com/may99/new-rounds.htm|access-date=27 December 2014|work=Ariticle written by Lt Gen (Retd) SARDAR FS LODI examines the new missile race in SOUTH ASIA|date=19 May 1999|archive-date=8 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190908142737/http://www.defencejournal.com/may99/new-rounds.htm|url-status=dead}} In response to Agni-II deployment, Ghauri-II received much support but its technological influence comes from the Nodong-1 of North Korea.{{rp|246}}

Design development began in 1993 but the Ghauri-II program suffered with many setbacks and expensive trial and errors to meet Pakistan's survivability goals with Sharif administration terminating North Korean connections to favor its relations with Japan and the United States.{{rp|246}}

It took several years for Khan Research Laboratories (KRL) to undertake the design, engineering, metallurgical analysis, development of onboard computers, and programming, culminating in the complete assembly of the Ghauri-II missile in 2000.{{rp|246}}

The Ghauri-II design developed from Ghauri with propellant technology influenced from the Nodong-1.{{rp|246}} Collaborating with other defense contractors, the Ghauri-II is a two-stage system with its motor length is increased to {{cvt|2.0|m|ft}}, allowing the rocket to afterburn for a longer time and extended range. Material selections for warhead design and assembly also featured using the high-strength aluminum against high-strength low-alloy steel.{{cite book |last1=Bukhari |first1=Syed Shahid Hussain |title=Pakistan's Security and the India–US Strategic Partnership: Nuclear Politics and Security Competition |date=15 September 2020 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-17662-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uvj2DwAAQBAJ&dq=ghauri+2&pg=PT298 |access-date=10 October 2023 |language=en}} The Ghauri-II is designed for maximum operating range of {{cvt|2000|km|mi}}, respectively.{{cite book |last1=Hildreth |first1=Steven A. |title=Missile Defense: The Current Debate |date=2004 |publisher=Nova Publishers |isbn=978-1-59033-973-2 |pages=80 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HU02eNbn16QC&dq=ghauri+2&pg=PA14 |access-date=10 October 2023 |language=en}}Pakistan Completes 'Trials' of Ghauri-III Missile Engine Islamabad The News 30 September 1999 page 10 -- Pakistan has successfully completed the trials of Ghauri-III missile's engine at Kahuta Research Laboratories. Ghauri-III would cover the range of over 3,000 kilometres. Data provided by American-based Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), Ghauri-II is about {{cvt|18.0|m|ft}} in length, has a diameter of {{cvt|1.35|m|in}} with a launch weight of {{cvt|1800|kg|lbs}}.{{Cite web|url=http://www.missilethreat.com/missilesoftheworld/id.52/missile_detail.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081007105532/http://missilethreat.com/missilesoftheworld/id.52/missile_detail.asp|url-status=dead|title=Missiles of the World|archive-date=7 October 2008}}[http://www.strategycenter.net/research/pubID.47/pub_detail.asp Pakistan’s Long Range Ballistic Missiles: A View From IDEAS] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121229094132/http://www.strategycenter.net/research/pubID.47/pub_detail.asp |date=29 December 2012 }}{{cite book |last1=Chakma |first1=Bhumitra |title=Pakistan's Nuclear Weapons |date=12 October 2012 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-13254-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XTbOO0gVgR0C&dq=ghauri+2+missile+2004&pg=PA65 |access-date=10 October 2023 |language=en}}

The Ghauri-II took its first flight in space in 1999; it flown more than {{cvt|620|mi|km}} in 12 minutes after being fired from Mashhood Test Firing Range of Pakistan Army. The launch was in response to India's Agni-II that also took place in 1999.

After several years of gap, the Ghauri-II was last test fired in 2004 and enjoyed its distinction of being the longest range missile in service with Pakistan military, until its limit was exceeded by the successful launch of the Shaheen-II, also in 2004.{{cite news|author=|title= Pakistan tests its longest-range missile|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/392423/pakistan-tests-its-longest-range-missile|access-date=27 December 2014|work=Dawn |date=15 March 2004}}

Since 2004, no further tests have been conducted, nor has it been deployed with unique military identification.

• Ballistic missile
• Liquid fuel rocket

;Related developments

• Ghauri (missile)
• Ghauri-III

{{reflist|3}}

{{Pakistan Missiles}}

{{Military of Pakistan|state=collapsed}}

Category:1999 in spaceflight

Category:Medium-range ballistic missiles of Pakistan

Category:Military equipment introduced in the 2000s

Category:2004 in spaceflight

Category:Guided missiles of Pakistan