Gibril Ibrahim
{{Short description|Sudanese politician (born 1955)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix =
| name = Gibril Ibrahim
| native_name = جبريل إبراهيم
| native_name_lang = ar
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| image = Gibril Ibrahim.jpg
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| caption = Ibrahim in 2023
| order =
| office1 = Chairman of the Justice and Equality Movement
| term_start1 = 26 January 2012
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| deputy1 =
| predecessor1 = Khalil Ibrahim
| successor1 =
| office2 = Minister of Finance
| term_start2 = 10 February 2021
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| president2 =
| primeminister2 = Abdalla Hamdok (until 2022), Osman Hussein (since 2022)
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| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1955|1|1|df=y}}
| birth_place = Altina, Darfur, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
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| nationality = Sudanese
| party = Justice and Equality Movement
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| relatives = Khalil (brother)
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| alma_mater = University of Khartoum, Meiji University
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Gibril Ibrahim Mohammed ({{langx|ar|جبريل إبراهيم محمد}}, born 1 January 1955), often spelled Jibril, is a Sudanese politician. He is the leader of the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) since 2012, after the death of his brother, Khalil. In October 2020 he signed the Juba Peace Agreement. As a result, Ibrahim has served as Minister of Finance of Sudan since February 2021. As leader of the JEM he was neutral in the 2023 War in Sudan from April until November, when he allied with the Sudanese Armed Forces.
Biography
Ibrahim was born on 1 January 1955 in al-Tina, North Darfur, in what was then Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. His father died when he was 4. Ibrahim studied for an undergraduate degree at the University of Khartoum, before leaving Sudan at the age of 25.{{cite web|url=http://www.jemsudan.org/meet-the-leadership-jem-chairman-dr-gibril-ibrahim/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402160920/http://www.jemsudan.org/meet-the-leadership-jem-chairman-dr-gibril-ibrahim/ |publisher=JEM |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 April 2015 |title=Meet the leadership: JEM Chairman, Dr. Gibril Ibrahim |access-date=19 March 2015 }}
Ibrahim was offered a scholarship in Japan, where he spent 7 years, completing his master's degree and doctorate in economics at Meiji University.{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-16747108 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171021220423/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-16747108 |title=BBC News - Sudan: Brother of Darfur rebels' late leader takes over|work=BBC News |date=26 January 2012 |access-date=19 March 2015 |archive-date=21 October 2017}}{{cite web|url=https://www.imfconnect.org/content/imf/en/annual-meetings/calendar/open/2021/10/11/161432.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326205235/https://www.imfconnect.org/content/imf/en/annual-meetings/calendar/open/2021/10/11/161432.html |title=Governor Talk - Sudan: Sudan’s Policy Efforts to Reach the Decision Point and Reform Program Ahead |website=imfconnect.org |date=11 October 2021 |archive-date=26 March 2023}} He became a fluent Japanese speaker. Ibrahim later returned to Sudan, before leaving again for Dubai in 2000 due to his opposition to the government. In Dubai he served as the Economic Advisor for JEM for 6 years, before travelling to the United Kingdom in 2006 to serve as the Justice and Equality Movement's (JEM) Secretary of Foreign Affairs. Ibrahim formerly taught as associate professor of economics at King Saud University in Saudi Arabia. He was part of JEM's negotiating team at the failed peace talks in Abuja and Doha.
On 26 January 2012 he was elected chairman of the JEM, after his brother, Khalil, had been killed in a Sudanese Air Force airstrike in Northern Kordofan in December 2011.{{cite web|url=http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?mot784 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402193210/http://www.sudantribune.com/spip.php?mot784 |title=Gibril Ibrahim Mohamed Jibreel Ibrahim Mohamed |publisher=Sudan Tribune |archive-date=2 April 2015}}
In October 2020, Ibrahim, as leader of the JEM and one of the leaders of the Sudan Revolutionary Front, he signed the Juba Peace Agreement. This resulted in his naming as Minister of Finance in the cabinet of Abdalla Hamdok on 10 February 2021.{{cite web |last1=Magdy |first1=Samy |title=Sudan's new Cabinet sworn in amid protests over dire economy |url=https://apnews.com/article/cabinets-sudan-khartoum-omar-al-bashir-economy-18652a7f286e2153107532a7498aa48b |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512154301/https://apnews.com/article/cabinets-sudan-khartoum-omar-al-bashir-economy-18652a7f286e2153107532a7498aa48b |website=AP NEWS |language=en |date=10 February 2021 |archive-date=12 May 2021}} He continued to hold the position after the events of the 2021 Sudanese coup d'état on 25 October.{{cite web|url=https://www.africanews.com/2021/11/17/sudan-finance-minister-calls-for-international-aid// |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231001044507/https://www.africanews.com/2021/11/17/sudan-finance-minister-calls-for-international-aid// |title=Sudan: Finance minister calls for international aid |website=africanews.com |date=17 November 2011 |archive-date=1 October 2023}}{{cite web|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2021/12/09/Compromised-Hamdok-battles-to-save-Sudan-s-political-transition |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126042744/https://english.alarabiya.net/News/middle-east/2021/12/09/Compromised-Hamdok-battles-to-save-Sudan-s-political-transition |title=Compromised Hamdok battles to save Sudan’s political transition |publisher=Al Arabiya |date=9 December 2021 |archive-date=26 November 2022}}
In March 2023 he argued for an inclusive government and ultimately the integration of all armed forces to the Sudanese Armed Forces.{{cite web|url=https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/sudan-fm-jibril-ibrahim-disavows-return-to-narrow-government |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601183932/https://www.dabangasudan.org/en/all-news/article/sudan-fm-jibril-ibrahim-disavows-return-to-narrow-government |title=Sudan FM Jibril Ibrahim disavows return to 'narrow government' |publisher=Dabanga Sudan |date=30 March 2023 |archive-date=1 June 2023}}
At the start of hostilities in the 2023 War in Sudan Ibrahim and his JEM pledged neutrality. He also called for a halt of the fighting.{{cite web|url=https://sudantribune.com/article277087/ |title=RSF assault JEM’s leader home in Khartoum, arrest guards |publisher=Sudan Tribune |date=10 September 2023 |access-date=31 December 2023}} In September 2023, Ibrahim's home in Al-Manshiyya, Khartoum was raided and the leader of his guard team and two others were detained by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). In November 2023 he announced that the JEM would participate in the 2023 Sudan war on the side of the SAF.{{Cite news |last1=Copnall |first1=James |last2=Nesta Kupemba |first2=Danai |date=17 November 2023 |title=Sudan civil war: Darfur's Jem rebels join army fight against RSF |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-67450204 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231118071142/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-67450204 |archive-date=18 November 2023}} As finance minister he saw the Sudanese pound lose 100% of its value compared to the situation before the war, which was caused by a high demand for foreign currency. The economy declined by 40% in 2023 and had a projected decrease of a further 28% in 2024.{{cite web|url=https://sudantribune.com/article282678/ |title=Finance minister links falling Sudanese pound to military spending, war |language=en |publisher=Sudan Tribune |date=26 February 2024 |access-date=9 March 2024}}
References
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Category:Meiji University alumni
Category:University of Khartoum alumni
Category:Academic staff of King Saud University
Category:Finance ministers of Sudan
Category:People from North Darfur
Category:People of the War in Darfur