Gig-mill

File:Leeds Industrial Museum raising gig 7063.JPG

A gig-mill (gigging machine, napping machine) was a type of raising machine that used teasels to produce a nap on cloth.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KhNQAAAAYAAJ&dq=Gigging+was+a+machine&pg=PA369|title=Elihu Root Collection of United States Documents Relating to the Philippine Islands|date=1906|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|pages=369|language=en}}{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Gig |volume= 12 | page = 5 }} Examples of the results of gigging are woolen fabrics such as chinchilla, beaver cloth, and melton.{{Cite book|last=Baker|first=William Henry|url=http://archive.org/details/clothesdictionar00bake|title=Clothes dictionary;|date=1901|publisher=Chicago, Ill., U.S.A., Cahn, Wampold & co.|others=The Library of Congress|pages=17}} The process involved gradual teasing of the surface to raise the nap.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qIjmAAAAMAAJ&q=Gigging+process|title=Dyestuffs|date=1946|publisher=National Aniline Division, Allied Chemical & Dye Corporation|pages=77|language=en}} Spelling in some localities is "Gigg".

Gigging

Gigging was an old method of raising. As with flannelette, the fabric surface is treated with sharp teasels during gigging to elevate the surface fibers, providing hairiness and lustrous nap. The fabric gets a soft feel. Teasels from a plant, a thistle-like species, were once used to make it. These were fixed to a cylinder. Later, teasels were replaced by metallic wires similar to those used in carding machines.{{Cite book|last=Joseph|first=Marjory L.|url=http://archive.org/details/josephsintroduct06edjose|title=Joseph's introductory textile science|date=1992|publisher=Fort Worth : Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-0-03-050723-6|pages=338}}

Napped fabrics

File:EB1911 - Finishing - Fig. 4.jpg

"Napping", "raising" and "gigging" are synonymous terms.{{Cite book|last=Elsasser|first=Virginia Hencken|url=http://archive.org/details/textiles00virg|title=Textiles : concepts and principles|date=2005|publisher=New York, NY : Fairchild Publications|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-1-56367-300-9|pages=196, 197}} Napping is the process of brushing for raising the nap. The raising method is used to draw out the ends of the fibers. Examples of napped fabrics include brushed tricot,{{Rp|page=146}} and flannelette.

=Nap=

Nap in textiles refers to the raised surface.{{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Nap |volume= 19 | page = 167}}

Gallery

File:Dipsacus-fullonum-Teasel-seedhead-w-viviparous-germination-PortSunlightRiverPark-UK-23Oct2019.jpg|Seedhead of Dipsacus fullonum (common teasel) showing seeds germinating while still in seedhead (vivipary)

File:PSM V39 D473 Heads of fuller and wild teasel.jpg|Heads of fuller and wild teasel used in finishing wool fabrics

File:Meyers b13 s0606 b1.png|Gigging machine

File:Mendel II 080 r.jpg|Manual process of raising pile in the textiles

File:EB1911 - Finishing - Fig. 7.jpg|Teasel used for Raising