Global peace system

An early use of the term "peace system" occurred in Kirby Page's book National Defense (1931). See p. vi (paragraph 4) and pp. 348, 357; p. vi, "Confronted with an ominous world situation, shall we seek security in increased armaments or shall we put our reliance in a peace system?" The book ends (p. 357) by calling on "the individual citizen . . . to dedicate himself to the task of strengthening the peace system." In a 1943 pamphlet and a 1966 book, political theorist David Mitrany stated that the prevention of wars required the creation of a peace system which he outlined.Mitrany 1966 In 1978's Toward a Dependable Place, Johansen coined the term "global peace system", arguing that, contrary to the advocated and perceived military security in the international system, the peace system provides greater justice, economic well-being and ecological security. In a global peace system, according to Johansen, "conflict is resolved through nonviolent, political, social, and judicial processes. There are no expectations of war and no national military arsenals."Johansen 1978 p. 16 Johansen called for the creation of such a system by a people’s movement.

In 1988, Robert A. Irwin stated that a peace system involves multiple war prevention layers: first, global reforms which reduce the causes of war involve non-threatening defense-policies as well as political, economic, ecological and cultural change; second, conflict resolution mechanisms on the local, regional, national and global level.Irwin 1988

In 1991, Louise Diamond and John W. McDonald authored Multi-track Diplomacy: a Systems Approach to Peace, wherein they identified nine specific tracks to produce a synergy in peacebuilding: public opinion and communication, government, professional conflict resolution, business, private citizens, activism, religion, funding, and research, training and education.Institute for Multi-track Diplomacy "Building Peace"Diamond and McDonald 1993 In 1992, the pair founded the United States-based non-profit organization Institute for Multi-track Diplomacy with the mission of putting into practice their systems-based approach to peacebuilding.Institute for Multi-track Diplomacy "Mission"

In 2003's Instead of War: the Urgency and Promise of the Global Peace System, Timothy McElwee emphasizes three major focal areas in the construction of a global peace system: (1) strengthening international norms and institutions against war; (2) eliminating the conditions that give rise to war and violence; (3) supporting and encouraging alternative means of international conflict transformation.McElwee 2003 Other sector-based approaches to peacebuilding link international development, humanitarian assistance, gender, the private sector, religion, environmental change, security, media, health and the rule of law.Zelizer 2013

Referring to the global peace system, Kent Shifferd argues that most of what needs to be invented to end war has been invented.Shifferd 2011 Rob Ricigliano in 2012 stated that "while...difficult to ascribe specific causation to any one group, the positive trends … indicate that the international community, practitioners, and academics have learned important lessons about ending wars and building peace.”Ricigliano 2012, p. 5

Writing in 2013, Douglas Fry noted that the creation of a global peace system involves synergistic elements such as a transformative vision that a peace-based global system is possible, the understanding of interdependence and cooperation, an added level of social identity including all human beings, the creation of effective and democratic procedures of international adjudication, and peace-supporting symbols and values.Fry 2013

Beginning in 2003, peace ethologist Judith Hand approached the subject of a paradigm shift to a global peace system from biological, behavioral, anthropological, and gender perspectives.2003 Women, Power, and the Biology of Peace. San Diego, CA : Questpath Publishing.2010 Hand, Judith L. "To Abolish War." Journal of Aggression, Conflict, and Peace Research 2(4): 44-56.2014 Shift: The Beginning of War, The Ending of War. San Diego, CA : Questpath Publishing.2018 War and Sex and Human Destiny. San Diego, CA: Questpath Publishing. Based on the biological principles of sexual dimorphism and parental investment theory and the political principle of gender parity in government (which she termed koinoniarchy) she argued that gender parity in governing is a necessary condition, not an option, for establishment and maintenance of a global peace system.Hand 2018

• World Peace
• Human Rights
• Peace movement
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• Peace and conflict studies
• List of wars between democracies

{{Reflist|2}}

• Adebajo, Adekeye (2011). UN peacekeeping Africa: From the Suez crisis to the Sudan conflicts. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.
• Diamond, Louise, & McDonald, John W. (1993). Multi-track diplomacy: a systems approach to peace (Rev. ed.). Washington, DC: Institute for Multi-Track Diplomacy.
• Chenoweth, Erica, & Stephan, Maria J. (2011). Why civil resistance works: the strategic logic of nonviolent conflict. New York: Columbia University Press.
• Fry, Douglas P. (2013). War, peace, and human nature: the convergence of evolutionary and cultural views. New York: Oxford University Press.
• Goldstein, Joshua S. (2011). Winning the war on war: the decline of armed conflict worldwide. New York: Penguin Group.
• {{cite web | url = http://www.imtd.org/index.php/publications/papers-and-articles/81-publications/144-occasional-paper-building-peace-and-transforming-conflict-multi-track-diplomacy-in-practice | title = Building Peace and Transforming Conflict: Multi-track Diplomacy in Practice|accessdate = 6 November 2013 | author = Institute for Multi-track Diplomacy}}
• {{cite web | url = http://www.imtd.org/index.php/about/mission | title = Mission | accessdate = 6 November 2013 | author = Institute for Multi-track Diplomacy}}
• Hand, Judith. (2003). Women, power, and the biology of peace. San Diego, CA: Questpath Publishing.
• Hand, Judith. (2010). To abolish war. Journal of Aggression, Conflict, and Peace Research 2(4): 44-56.
• Hand, Judith. (2014). Shift: the beginning of war, the ending of war. San Diego, CA: Questpath Publishing.
• Hand, Judith. (2018). War and sex and human destiny. San Diego, CA: Questpath Publishing.
• Irwin, Robert A. (1988). Building a Peace System. Washington, DC: ExPro Press.
• Johansen, Robert C. (1978). Toward a dependable peace. New York: Institute for World Order.
• McElwee, Timothy A. (2003). Instead of war: the urgency and promise of the global peace system. Cross Currents, 53(2).
• {{cite book|last=McElwee|first=Timothy A. |editor=Senthil Ram and Ralph Summy|title=Nonviolence: An Alternative for Defeating Global Terror(ism)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yopi-nCzQF8C|year=2007|publisher=Nova Publishers|isbn=978-1-60021-812-5|chapter=The Role of UN Police in Nonviolently Countering Terrorism|pages=179–210}}
• Mitrany, David. (1966). A working peace system. Chicago: Quadrangle Books.
• Page, Kirby. (1931). National Defense. New York: Farrar & Rinehart.
• Pinker, Steven. (2011). The better angels of our nature: why violence has declined. New York: Viking.
• Ricigliano, Rob. (2012). Making peace last: a toolbox for sustainable peacebuilding. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers.
• Shifferd, Kent D. (2011). From war to peace: a guide to the next hundred years. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland.
• Zelizer, Craig. (2013). Integrated peacebuilding: innovative approaches to transforming conflict. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

• [http://www.warpreventioninitiative.org War Prevention Initiative]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20141208080853/http://www.un.org/Overview/rights.html Text of Universal Declaration of Human Rights]

Category:Peace