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Glossary of Arabic toponyms#deir

{{Short description|Glossary of Arabic terms found in Arabic toponyms}}

File:PEF Survey of Western Palestine Key Map.png

The glossary of Arabic toponyms gives translations of Arabic terms commonly found as components in Arabic toponyms. A significant number of them were put together during the PEF Survey of Palestine carried out in the second half of the 19th century.

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A

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|'Ain}}{{anchor|Ayun}}{{term|'Ain, pl.: `Ayūn, ʿUyūn}}

{{defn|Spring, fountain, source.{{cite book |author1=C.R. Conder |author2=H.H. Kitchener |title=Map of western Palestine in 26 sheets / from surveys conducted for the Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund by C.R. Conder and H.H. Kitchener during the years 1872-1877 |publisher=Ordnance Survey Office |location=London |date=1880 |at=Index sheet (27): Topographical and Geographical Terms in Arabic |oclc=1166941168}} Examples: El Aaiún

  • {{intitle|Ain}}
  • {{intitle|Aiun}}

}}

{{anchor|Ab}}{{term|Ab, Abu}}

{{defn|Father; as a geographical term it signifies "producing", "containing", etc.;

  • {{intitle|Ab}}
  • {{intitle|Abu}}

}}

{{anchor|Arak}}{{term|Arak, pl.: Arkan}}

{{defn|Cavern or cliff (among various meanings); see {{intitle|Arak}}}}

{{glossary end}}

B

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Bab}}{{term|Bab, pl.: Buwab}}

{{defn|Gate. Examples Bab el-Mandeb; see {{intitle|Bab}}}}

{{anchor|Bahr}}{{term|Baḥr}}

{{defn| {{langx|ar|بحر}} - Sea, large river. see {{intitle|Bahr}}}}

{{anchor|Beit}}{{term|Beit}}

{{defn|House. see {{intitle|Beit}}}}

{{anchor|Balad}}{{term|Balad}}

{{defn|{{langx|ar| بلد}} (sometimes transliterated as Beled or Belled) - Town; see {{intitle|Balad}}}}

{{anchor|Bir}}{{term|Bir}}

{{defn|{{langx|ar| بير}}, Well; see {{intitle|Bir}}}}

{{anchor|Birkeh}}{{term|Birkeh}}

{{defn| Artificial pool, tank; see {{intitle|Birkeh}}}}

{{anchor|Buhayra}}{{term|Buḥayra, Baḥeirah}}

{{defn|{{langx|ar| بحيرة}}, Lake, lagoon; Diminutive of بَحْر (baḥr, “sea”). }}

{{anchor|Burj}}{{term|Burj}}

{{defn|{{langx|ar| برج}}, Tower, castle; see {{intitle|Burj}}}}

{{glossary end}}

C

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Casbah}}{{term|Casbah}}

{{defn|a kind of medina (old city) or fortress; cf. "Qasba"; see {{intitle|Casbah}}

}}

{{glossary end}}

D

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Deir}}{{term|Deir}}

{{defn|wikt:دير monastery, convent, cloister (often ruins thereof); see {{intitle|Deir}} }}

{{anchor|Derb}}{{term|Derb}}

{{defn|wikt:درب road, pass;see {{intitle|Derb}} }}

{{anchor|Dhahr}}{{term|Dhahr}}

{{defn|wikt: ridge; {{intitle|Dhahr}} }}

{{glossary end}}

H

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Haram}}{{term|Haram}}

{{defn|Sacred place; see {{intitle|Haram}} }}

{{anchor|Haud}}{{term|Haud}}

{{defn|Reservoir, pond; see {{intitle|Haud}} }}

{{glossary end}}

I

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Ibn}}{{term|Ibn}}

{{defn|Son; as a geographical term it signifies "producing", "containing", etc. see {{intitle|Ibn}}}}

{{glossary end}}

J

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Jama'a}}{{term|Jama'a, Djama'a, Jami'a}}

{{defn|place of gathering, community, mosque;

  • {{intitle|Jama'a}}
  • {{intitle|Jami'a}}

}}

{{anchor|Jazira}}{{term|Jazira, Jezireh, Jeziret}}

{{defn|Island;

  • {{intitle|Jazira}}
  • {{intitle|Jezireh}}
  • {{intitle|Jeziret}}

}}

{{anchor|Jebel}}{{term|Jebel, Djebel, Jebal, Jabal}}

{{defn|mountain;

  • {{intitle|Jabal}}
  • {{intitle|Jebal}}
  • {{intitle|Jebel}}
  • {{intitle|Djebel}}

}}

{{anchor|Jisr}}{{term|Jisr}}

{{defn|bridge; see {{intitle|Jisr}}

}}

{{anchor|Jubb}}{{term|Jubb}}

{{defn|(Arabic: جُبّ ): well, pit; see {{intitle|Jubb}}

}}

{{glossary end}}

K

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Kasbah}}{{term|Kasbah, Kasba, Kasaba }}

{{defn|See Qasba

  • {{intitle|Kasba}}
  • {{intitle|Kasbah}}

}}

{{anchor|Khirbet}}{{term|Khirbet, Khurbet, Khirbat, etc.}}

{{defn|is the conjunctive form "ruin of" (خربة) of the Arabic word for "ruin" (خرب, khirba, khirbeh, kharab ("ruined"))

  • {{intitle|Khirbet}}
  • {{intitle|Khirbat}}
  • {{intitle|Khurbet}}
  • {{intitle|Kharab}}

}}

{{term|Ksar, qsar, plural: ksour, qsour}}

{{defn|Maghrebi Arabic; See "Qasr"

  • {{intitle|Ksar}}
  • {{intitle|Ksour}}
  • {{intitle|Qsar}}

}}

{{term|Kul'ah, Kal'at, Kalat, Kala, Kaleh}}

{{defn|Arabic, Persian. See "Qalat"

  • {{intitle|Kal'at}}
  • {{intitle|Kalat}}
  • {{intitle|Kaleh}}

}}

{{glossary end}}

M

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Mazar}}{{term|Mazar}}

{{defn|مزار: shrine, grave, tomb, etc. cf. "Mazar (mausoleum)". The placename usually refers to a grave of a saint, ruler, etc.. Examples: Mazar-i-Sharif

  • {{intitle|Mazar}}
  • {{intitle|Al-Mazar}}
  • {{intitle|Almazar}}

}}

{{anchor|Mazra}}{{term|Mazra', Mazra'a, Al-Mazra'a, Mazraa}}

{{defn| مزرعة, mazraʿa: farm, مزرع, mazraʿ: field, farmland, origin for majra, hamlet in Indian subcontinent{{sfn|Siddiqi|1982|p=335}}}}

{{glossary end}}

N

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Nahr}}{{term|Nahr}}

{{defn|wikt:نهر, river, with the particular meaning of perennial water course, as opposed to a seasonal one, which is called a wadi;[https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/yarmuk "Yarmuk"], from Encyclopaedia Judaica 2008, via Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved 15 Feb 2025. see {{intitle|Nahr-e}}}}

{{glossary end}}

O

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Oued}}{{term|Oued }}

{{defn| In North African Arabic, same as Wadi; see {{intitle|Oued}}

}}

{{glossary end}}

Q

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Qabr}}{{term|Qabr, Kabr, pl.:Qubūr}}

{{defn|{{langx|ar|قَبْر}}, pl. {{langx|ar|قُبُور}} - tomb, grave

  • {{intitle|Qabr}}
  • {{intitle|Qubur}}

}}

{{anchor|Qalat_here}}{{term|Qal'at, Qalat, Qala, Qalaat, Qal'a }}

{{defn|Arabic, Persian. Fortified place, fort, fortress, castle;{{sfn|Siddiqi|Bastian|1985|p=74}} see {{intitle|Qalat}}}}

{{anchor|Qasba}}{{term|Casbah, Kasbah, Qaṣba, Qaṣbah, Qaṣaba}}

{{defn|{{Langx|ar|القصبة|links=no|translit=al-qaṣaba}}), a kind of medina (old city) or fortress

  • {{intitle|Casbah}}
  • {{intitle|Qasba}}
  • {{intitle|Qasbah}}
  • {{intitle|Qasaba}}
  • {{intitle|Kasbah}}

}}

{{anchor|Qasr}}{{term|Qaṣr, Kaṣr, al-Qaṣr, pl.:Quṣūr}}

{{defn|{{langx|ar|قصر|lit=palace/castle/fortress|link=no}}, from Latin castrum

{{wikt-inline|qasr}}

}}

{{glossary end}}

R

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Ras}}{{term|Ras}}

{{defn|wikt:رأس, head, cape, top, peak, etc., see {{intitle|Ras}}

}}

{{anchor|Rujm}}{{term|Rujm, plural: rujum}}

{{defn|wikt:رجم, mound, cairn, hill, spur, and also as "stone heap" or "tumulus".{{harvnb|Mann|2005|p=139}}{{harvnb|Negev|Gibson|2005|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=27nq65cZUIgC&dq=%22rujm+el-hiri%22&pg=PA518 518]}}

  • {{intitle|Rujm}}
  • {{intitle|Rujum}}

}}

{{glossary end}}

S

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Souk}}{{term|souk, sūq, souq}}

{{defn|wikt:سوق, "market"

  • {{intitle|Souk}}
  • {{intitle|Suk}}
  • {{intitle|Souq}}

}}

{{glossary end}}

U

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Umm}}{{term|Umm}}

{{defn|Mother; as a geographical term it signifies "producing", "containing", etc.; cf. "Mother of all"; see {{intitle|Umm}}

}}

{{glossary end}}

W

{{glossary}}

{{anchor|Wadi}}{{term|Wadi, Wad, North African Arabic: see Oued}}

{{defn|Watercourse: stream (often intermittent stream), sometimes dry waterbed, valley

  • {{intitle|Wadi}}
  • {{intitle|Wady}}
  • {{intitle|Wad}}
  • {{intitle|Oued}}

}}

{{glossary end}}

See also

References

{{reflist}}

Sources

{{refbegin}}

  • {{cite book|title=An international glossary of place name elements|first1=Joel F.|last1=Mann|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2005|isbn= 978-0-8108-5040-8}}
  • {{cite book|title=Archaeological encyclopedia of the Holy Land|first1=Avraham|last1=Negev|last2=Gibson|first2=Shimon|edition=4th, revised, illustrated|publisher=Continuum International Publishing Group|year=2005|isbn= 978-0-8264-8571-7}}
  • {{cite journal|title=Urban Place Names in Pakistan: A Reflection of Cultural Characteristics|author1-first=Akhtar Husain|author1-last=Siddiqi|author2-first=Robert W.|author2-last=Bastian|oclc=500207327|journal=Names|volume=29|issue=1|pages=65–84|year=1985|url=https://ans-names.pitt.edu/ans/article/download/937/936}}
  • {{cite conference|title=Significance of technical terms in place names—a case-study of Aligarh District|author1-first=Jamal Mohd|author1-last=Siddiqi|conference=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=43|year=1982|pages=332–341|jstor=44141245}}

{{refend}}

External links

  • [https://books.google.com/books?id=czvzGdDLnPIC&pg=PR5 The intro to a 1950s gazetteer] for 35,000 placenames of Arabian Peninsula and surrounding waters and islands contains a glossary of generic toponymic features

{{Geography topics}}

{{Glossaries of science and engineering}}

Category:Lists of place name etymologies

Category:Geography-related lists

Arabic toponyms

Arabic toponyms

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Category:Arabic language

Category:Wikipedia glossaries using description lists