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Go Grrrls

File:Go Grrrls Workbook - cover.jpg

Go Grrrls is a gender-specific intervention curriculum for early adolescent girls that tries to promote a positive transition to adulthood.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aMTFUx8xwMMC&dq=%22Go+GRRRLS%22&pg=PA250|title=Critical Issues In Crime and Justice|last=Roberts|first=Albert R.|date=2003-01-02|publisher=SAGE|isbn=9780761926863|pages=250|language=en}}{{Cite book|url=http://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/bitstream/10150/265813/1/azu_etd_12477_sip1_m.pdf|title=Determinants of Early Adolescent Girls' Health (thesis)|last=Nuño|first=Velia L.|publisher=The University of Arizona|year=2012|pages=21, 62|language=en-US}} It is a social skills building and psychoeducational program administered in a group setting—targeted towards girls in their early teens.{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_JKVKmxkq98C&dq=%22Go+GRRRLS%22&pg=PA616|title=The School Services Sourcebook, Second Edition: A Guide for School-Based Professionals|last=LeCroy|first=Craig W.|date=2013-01-31|publisher=OUP USA|isbn=9780199861750|editor-last=Franklin|editor-first=Cynthia|pages=611–17|language=en-US|chapter=Designing and Facilitating Groups with Children|editor-last2=Harris|editor-first2=Mary Beth|editor-last3=Allen-Meares|editor-first3=Paula|editor-link3=Paula Allen-Meares}}{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5Q0ABwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Go+GRRRLS%22&pg=PA780|title=Social Workers' Desk Reference|last1=LeCroy|first1=Craig W.|last2=Huggett|first2=Nicole M|date=2015|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780199329649|editor-last=Corcoran|editor-first=Kevin|pages=780–786|language=en|chapter=Primary Prevention Using the Go Grrrls Group with Adolescent Females|editor-last2=Roberts|editor-first2=Albert R.}} When compared to a control group using a self-reported evaluation, the program has shown a positive effect on girls' self-efficacy, body image and assertiveness.{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/domainsdemandsof0000kell|url-access=registration|quote=Go GRRRLS.|title=The Domains and Demands of School Social Work Practice: A Guide to Working Effectively with Students, Families and Schools|last=Kelly|first=Michael S.|date=2008-04-14|publisher=Oxford University Press, USA|isbn=9780195343304|pages=[https://archive.org/details/domainsdemandsof0000kell/page/78 78]|language=en}}{{Cite journal|last1=Moore|first1=Kristin A.|last2=Bell|first2=Kelly|last3=Terzian|first3=Mary|date=2012-06-16|title=Improving the Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults: Out-of-School Time Programs That Have Significant Positive Impacts|url=http://nahic.ucsf.edu/improving-the-lives-of-adolescents-and-young-adults-out-of-school-time-programs-that-have-significant-positive-impacts/|journal=Child Trends|language=en-US|pages=2, 10, 12|access-date=2017-02-20|display-authors=2}}{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YrBlgRE8li4C&q=GRRRLS&pg=PA82|title=Handbook of Resilience in Children|last=Jordan|first=Judith V.|date=2012-08-04|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=9781461436614|editor-last=Goldstein|editor-first=Sam|pages=82|language=en|chapter=Relational Resilience in Girls|editor-last2=Brooks|editor-first2=Robert B.}} A pilot program was launched in 1995 and a final version was published in 1999.{{Citation needed|date=February 2017}} It is administered by a team of two or more co-facilitators.{{Cite journal|year=2014|editor-last=Kilburn|editor-first=M. Rebecca|title=Programs That Work, from the Promising Practices Network on Children, Families and Communities|url=https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/tools/TL100/TL145/RAND_TL145.pdf|journal=RAND Corporation|pages=208–12}} The program was designed by Craig LeCroy and Janice Daley.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ouUOMQAACAAJ|title=Empowering Adolescent Girls: Examining the Present and Building Skills for the Future with the Go Grrrls Program|last1=LeCroy|first1=Craig W.|last2=Daley|first2=Janice|date=2001-01-01|publisher=Norton|isbn=9780393703474|pages=xi–xv, 1–8|language=en}} LeCroy also published an experimental evaluation of the program.{{Cite journal|last=LeCroy|first=Craig W.|date=2004-01-01|title=Evaluation of an empowerment program for early adolescent girls|journal=Adolescence|volume=39|issue=155|pages=427–441|pmid=15673221}}{{Cite journal|last=LeCroy|first=Craig W.|title=Experimental Evaluation of "Go Grrrl" Preventive Intervention for Early Adolescent Girls|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/286308216|journal=Journal of Primary Prevention|language=en|volume=25|issue=4|pages=457–473|doi=10.1023/B:JOPP.0000048112.10700.89|year=2004|s2cid=34305622}}

Program design

The program is partitioned into several sessions of 30-60 minutes length.{{Cite journal|last1=Warner|first1=Stacy|last2=Dixon|first2=Marlene A.|last3=Schumann|first3=Christyn|date=2009-04-01|title=Enhancing Girls' Physical Activity and Self-Image: A Case Study of the GoGirlGo Program|url=https://ows.edb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/users/mnewhousebailey/WSPAJ%20Dixon%20article_spring09.pdf|journal=Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal|volume=18|issue=1|pages=31|doi=10.1123/wspaj.18.1.28|issn=1063-6161}} They are administered over a dozen weeks and focused on six topics:{{#tag:ref|Earlier versions were administered in shorter periods of time.|group=note}}{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8MSB23GPB-oC&dq=%22Go+Grrrls%22&pg=PA21|title=Handbook of Prevention and Intervention Programs for Adolescent Girls|last=Mann|first=Joyce E.|date=2008-06-02|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=9780470115237|editor-last=LeCroy|editor-first=Craig W.|pages=21–34|language=en}}

  1. "Being a girl": introduction and evaluation, identifying gender roles and challenging societal pressures.
  2. Positive body image and mindset: activities to boost self-image; understanding the effects of self-criticism, depression and eating disorders.
  3. Making and keeping friends: social and life skills, independent critical thinking and developing satisfactory peer relationships.
  4. When it all seems like too much: teach girls when to seek help and how to find resources for help.
  5. Let’s talk about sex: basics of reproduction, sexuality and sexually transmitted diseases, how to refuse unwanted advances, and the effects of drugs and alcohol.
  6. "Planning for the future": teach girls to make goals and work to achieve them.

Criticism

The program has been criticized for lacking "the capacity to measure prevention." According to William Epstein, the program is also unlikely to make an impression on girls because of the didactic nature of its curriculum. He referred to the evaluation done by the LeCroy in 2004 as a "poorly designed study." confirming the need for a more authoritative evaluation.{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tZSiAAAAQBAJ&dq=%22go+grrrls%22&pg=PA46|title=Empowerment as Ceremony|last=Epstein|first=William M.|date=2013-01-01|publisher=Transaction Publishers|isbn=9781412851602|language=en}}

Notes

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References

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Category:Feminism and education