GoalRef

GoalRef was originally developed by a Danish organisation commissioned by Select Sport who entered the system for consideration by the International Handball Federation. In 2011 Fraunhofer became lead partner in GoalRef alongside the original inventor, and entered the system in the first stage testing being conducted for IFAB by EMPA (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology). GoalRef and Hawk-Eye were the only systems that proceeded to EMPA's second stage of testing, involving lab and field tests, plus trials in training and live professional matches. In this phase GoalRef was tested in the Danish Superliga. Following the second phase trials, on 5 July 2012 IFAB approved both GoalRef and Hawk-Eye in principle, making it available for use in professional matches under a set of revised Laws of the Game. Each installation however would also require licensing approval for use in the individual stadium, on a 12-month basis. The 2012 FIFA Club World Cup was the first tournament where GoalRef and Hawk-Eye were used by a match referee. GoalRef was used for the first time on 6 December 2012 in the first match of the 2012 FIFA Club World Cup.{{cite web|url=http://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/premier-league/fifa-give-debut-to-goalline-technology-in-world-club-curtainraiser-3317352.html

|title= FIFA give debut to goal-line technology in World club curtain-raiser|date=6 December 2012 |work=Irish Independent|accessdate=6 December 2012 }}

The GoalRef system relies on the principle of electromagnetic induction.{{cite web |url=http://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/en/bf/ln/referenzprojekte/goalref.html#!tabpanel-2 |title= GoalRef - Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits|website=www.iis.fraunhofer.de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026015904/http://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/en/bf/ln/referenzprojekte/goalref.html |archive-date=2012-10-26}} A low frequency magnetic field is generated around the goal, which is monitored by coils installed in the goal posts and crossbar.{{cite web |url=http://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/en/bf/ln/referenzprojekte/goalref.html#!tabpanel-2 |title= GoalRef - Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits|website=www.iis.fraunhofer.de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026015904/http://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/en/bf/ln/referenzprojekte/goalref.html |archive-date=2012-10-26}} The ball is fitted with a passive electronic circuit embedded between the leather outer and inflatable inner layers.{{cite web |url=http://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/en/bf/ln/referenzprojekte/goalref.html#!tabpanel-2 |title= GoalRef - Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits|website=www.iis.fraunhofer.de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026015904/http://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/en/bf/ln/referenzprojekte/goalref.html |archive-date=2012-10-26}} Software monitors the condition of the magnetic field in the goal and can detect the change that occurs in it due to the passage of the coils in the ball over the line.{{cite web |url=http://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/en/bf/ln/referenzprojekte/goalref.html#!tabpanel-2 |title= GoalRef - Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits|website=www.iis.fraunhofer.de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026015904/http://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/en/bf/ln/referenzprojekte/goalref.html |archive-date=2012-10-26}} Once detected, the system sends an encrypted radio signal in real time to a wrist watch worn by the referee, which both vibrates and displays a message that a goal was scored.{{cite web |url=http://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/en/bf/ln/referenzprojekte/goalref.html#!tabpanel-2 |title= GoalRef - Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits|website=www.iis.fraunhofer.de |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121026015904/http://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/en/bf/ln/referenzprojekte/goalref.html |archive-date=2012-10-26}}

{{Reflist|2}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120609001607/http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/organisation/ifab/news/newsid=1645463/index.html Goal-line decision in four weeks] FIFA, 7 June 2012
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120710075643/http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/organisation/ifab/media/news/newsid=1660541/index.html?intcmp=fifacom_hp_module_media_statements IFAB makes three unanimous historic decisions] FIFA, 5 July 2012
• [http://uk.eurosport.yahoo.com/blogs/world-of-sport/goal-line-technology-does-164718522.html Goal-line technology: How does it work?] Eurosport, 5 July 2012
• [https://www.fraunhofer.de/en/press/research-news/2012/july/goalref-fifa-approves-intelligent-goal-from-Fraunhofer.html FIFA approves intelligent goal from Fraunhofer] Fraunhofer, 9 July 2012

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20121026015904/http://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/en/bf/ln/referenzprojekte/goalref.html GoalRef at www.iis.fraunhofer.de]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20120708113415/http://www.fifa.com/aboutfifa/organisation/marketing/qualityprogramme/video/video=1659643/index.html GoalRef Explained at FIFA]

Category:Association football equipment

Category:Sports officiating technology