Good Girl Gone Bad Live
{{good article}}
{{Infobox album
| name = Good Girl Gone Bad Live
| type = video
| artist = Rihanna
| cover = Rihannna good girl gone bad live.png
| alt = The front full body profile of a dark haired female standing singing into a microphone stand. Her eyes are closed and heavily shadowed in black eye make up. Her fringe covers the left side of her face. She is pointing her right index finger upward. On her forearms are long black strap pieces spiked with silver metal. She is wearing a revealing leather dress outfit. In her background is sun-like coloured lighting. At the top of the portrait stands 'Rihanna' and below it 'Good Girl Gone Bad Live'.
| released = {{Start date|2008|6|9}}
| recorded = {{Start date|2007|12|6}}
| venue = Manchester Arena
(Manchester, England)
| studio =
| genre = {{flatlist|
}}
| length = 90 minutes
| language = English
| label = {{flatlist|
- Def Jam
- SRP}}
| director = Paul Caslin
| producer =
| prev_title = Good Girl Gone Bad: Reloaded
| prev_year = 2008
| next_title = Good Girl Gone Bad: The Remixes
| next_year = 2009
}}
Good Girl Gone Bad Live is the first live long-form video by Barbadian singer Rihanna. It was first released on June 9, 2008 by Def Jam Recordings. The DVD and Blu-ray release features Rihanna's concert at the Manchester Arena in Manchester, United Kingdom held on December 6, 2007, as part of her Good Girl Gone Bad Tour (2007—2009) which supported singer's third studio album Good Girl Gone Bad (2007). Most of the concert's set list originates from Good Girl Gone Bad, however, Rihanna also performed songs from her previous albums Music of the Sun (2005) and A Girl like Me (2006). It also contains a special Documentary Feature that presents Rihanna discussing her experiences during the tour.
Critics were divided on Good Girl Gone Bad Live; they praised the show, dancers, Rihanna's vocals and contrast levels of the video, however, there was criticism towards some technicalities including the close-up frames. At the 2009 Grammy Awards, the video album received a Grammy nomination for Best Long Form Music Video. Commercially, Good Girl Gone Bad Live peaked within the top-ten in nine countries, including at number one in Austria and Switzerland. On the US Billboard Music DVD Chart it peaked at number six and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), denoting shipments of over 25,000 copies.
Background and release
Following the release of her two studio albums Music of the Sun (2005) and A Girl like Me (2006), in late 2006 Rihanna started working with songwriters and producers on her third studio album. She worked with some of the producers who were involved on her previous albums including Evan Rogers and Carl Sturken, Ne-Yo, J.R. Rotem, Sean Garrett and Norwegian duo Stargate.{{Cite web|last=Moss |first=Corey |title=Rihanna Gets Voice Lessons From Ne-Yo For 'Fresh, Uptempo' New Tracks |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1553347/20070226/rihanna.jhtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070301141446/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1553347/20070226/rihanna.jhtml|url-status=dead|archive-date=March 1, 2007|publisher=MTV News. Viacom |date=February 27, 2007 |access-date=August 17, 2012}} Rihanna also collaborated with new music producers on the album such as Timbaland and will.i.am. Most of the album tracks were recorded in Westlake Recording Studios in Los Angeles, California, parallel to the recording sessions of her second studio album, A Girl like Me. Rihanna began working on the album in late 2006 and was almost finished recording in late February 2007. On June 4, 2007 she released the album under the name Good Girl Gone Bad.{{cite web|url=https://itunes.apple.com/de/album/good-girl-gone-bad-bonus-track/id256626931|title= Good Girl Gone Bad (Bonus Track Version) von Rihanna|publisher= iTunes Store (DE). Apple Inc|access-date=August 17, 2012}}{{dead link|date=March 2025|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} During an interview with MTV News, Rihanna explained the meaning and reasoning behind the album's title:
{{Quote|We figured Good Girl Gone Bad was the perfect title because it showed people I'm my own [person] now. Not doing what anyone wants me to do. I'm not the innocent Rihanna anymore. I'm taking a lot more risks and chances. I felt when I cut my hair, it shows people I'm not trying to look or be anybody else. The album is very edgy. We have some urban records, some really pop records."{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1558496/rihanna-goes-bad-with-jay-z-justin.jhtml|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023100045/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1558496/rihanna-goes-bad-with-jay-z-justin.jhtml|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 23, 2012|title=Rihanna Loses Good Girl Image, Thanks To Jay-Z, Justin, Timbaland, Ne-Yo|publisher=MTV News. Viacom|last=Reid|first=Shaheem|date=May 2, 2007}}}}
File:MEN Arena.jpg, the venue where Good Girl Gone Bad Live was filmed.]]
Upon its release, Good Girl Gone Bad received generally positive reviews from most music critics and earned Rihanna a Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration for the lead single "Umbrella".{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/06/arts/06grammylist.html|title=The Complete List of Grammy Nominees|date=December 6, 2007|access-date=March 16, 2011|work=The New York Times}} It became a huge commercial success and spawned eight singles that attained chart success. To further promote the album, Rihanna embarked on her first worldwide and second overall tour entitled Good Girl Gone Bad Tour (2007—09). During the tour, Rihanna performed in Europe, North America, Oceania, Asia and Africa in a total of 80 concert shows. Good Girl Gone Bad Live was filmed at the Manchester Arena show in Manchester, United Kingdom; the show was part of the Good Girl Gone Bad Tour and held on December 6, 2007. The Good Girl Gone Bad Live DVD was released on June 9 and June 13, 2008 in the United Kingdom and Germany through Mercury Records and Universal Music respectively. It was digitally released via iTunes on June 16, 2008 in several countries including Australia, Austria, Brazil, France, Germany, the Republic of Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, Spain and the United Kingdom. Universal Music Canada and Def Jam Recordings released the DVD of the concert in Canada and the United States on November 4, 2008. A Blu-ray format of Good Girl Gone Bad Live was released in France on November 24, 2008. In late 2009, the same Blu-ray was also released in the United States and Germany.
{{clear}}
Technicalities and synopsis
Good Girl Gone Bad Live was directed by Paul Caslin and captured with a 14-camera High Definition shoot.{{cite web|url=http://www.allmovie.com/movie/rihanna-good-girl-gone-bad-live-v452483/cast-crew|title=Rihanna: Good Girl Gone Bad – Cast and Crew|publisher=Allmovie. Rovi Corporation|access-date=April 8, 2012}}{{cite web|url=http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=415547|title=MCA Music releases Rihanna CD, DVD|work=The Philippine Star|publisher=PhilStar Daily, Inc|date=November 15, 2008|access-date=August 20, 2012|archive-date=December 6, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206054232/http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleid=415547|url-status=dead}} The Blu-ray edition of the video album is presented in an aspect ratio of 1.78:1, encoded with MPEG-4 AVC and grants a 1080i transfer.{{cite web|url=http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Rihanna-Good-Girl-Gone-Bad-Live-Blu-ray/7901/|title=Rihanna: Good Girl Gone Bad Live|publisher=Blu-ray.com|access-date=August 21, 2012}} Good Girl Gone Bad Live contains two audio tracks DTS-HD Master Audio 5.1 and LPCM 2.0. According to a reviewer of Blu-ray.com the LPCM 2.0 is very strong, but it is not as convincing as the DTS-HD Master Audio 5.1 track. He stated that "The crowd noise, for example, is pushed back quite a bit when Rihanna sings, yet between the songs, it is as prominent as it is on the DTS-HD Master Audio 5.1 track." It has a length of over 90 minutes and contains five subtitles: English, French, Spanish, Portuguese and German.
File:Bob-Marley 3.jpg" by Bob Marley (pictured) & The Wailers]]
Good Girl Gone Bad Live opens with a black-and-white video interlude of Rihanna putting on and zipping up leather clothing. Scenes are intercut with an aerial view of the audience in the arena. As the audience is waiting for her to perform, scenes of Rihanna approaching the stage are shown. As she says "Let's go" the music begins to play. The concert opens as Rihanna emerges from a portable floor behind a giant curtain and starts performing her debut single "Pon de Replay". The show continues with her performing "Break It Off" and "Let Me". Before performing "Rehab", Rihanna reveals that the song was written by Justin Timberlake who is her "very good friend and hopes that the audience like it". Then, she performs "Breakin' Dishes" before rendering a cover of "Is This Love", a song by Jamaican reggae singer Bob Marley and his band The Wailers. "Is This Love" is mashed-up with "Kisses Don't Lie". The song is the last from the first set and ends with Rihanna leaving the stage at the portable floor from which she entered.{{cite AV media notes |title=Good Girl Gone Bad Live |others=Rihanna |year=2008 |type=Booklet |publisher=The Island Def Jam Music Group|location=Manchester, UK}}
The second set opens with Rihanna performing "SOS", accompanied with dancers wearing Ancient Egypt inspired outfits who through the performance change their clothes. Rihanna then sits on the stairs on the stage together with her back-up singers Ashley and Erica who are about to help her with the next songs, "Good Girl Gone Bad" and "Hate That I Love You". Rihanna finishes the set with the performances of the ballad "Unfaithful" and "Sell Me Candy". In the next set, the disc jockey asks the audience are they ready to party and then Rihanna emerges from behind the stage to perform "Don't Stop the Music" and "Push Up on Me"; the latter features Rihanna and the dancers climbing on assembled rods. Before the performance of "Shut Up and Drive", the back-up singers run through the stage carrying finish racing flags. As Rihanna enters the stage, the dancers also come together with chairs which are set to represent vehicle seats. Rihanna performs "Question Existing" on a leopard-leather inspired sofa which is climbed on a pedestal. The concert ends with the performance of "Umbrella". Before performing the song, Rihanna speaks to the audience telling that she will perform her "biggest record so far all over the world". The concert ends with frames of the audience and the fans.
=Documentary Feature=
{{Quote box|width=30%|bgcolor=#ffeeaa|align=left|quote="Every day I hit the stage, I look out at the audience and I think: 'They all bought those tickets to come and see me perform. Oh my God, they are singing my song, they're screaming my name.' That's when all gets weird. So it's kind of overwhelming".|source=—Rihanna talking about her fans during the Documentary Feature interview.}}
Good Girl Gone Bad Live contains a Documentary Feature of the Good Girl Gone Bad Tour during her course. It begins with the performance of "Umbrella" at the Manchester show when the scenes are intercut with Rihanna talking about how her fans are coming to watch her on the tour concerts. Other scenes of Rihanna and her crew members, dancers and band are also shown backstage. Rihanna then continues with the interview telling about how she went to some places that she never heard in her life including Ischgl and Sofia. She also explains how flying in private jet with her team like "one family" is fun, but very rare. Scenes of Rihanna performing a show in Ischgl and having snowball fight with her team at the town's streets are shown. During the interview Rihanna explains that she, her crew members and dancers were touring for a considerable amount of time and became very close so as a result of that, they hang out a lot. One of the crew explains: "It is like a family. Rihanna comes in every day, says hi to every single one of us. Each of us come in every day, we all say hi to each other." Rihanna further describes herself as a prankster, and a story of her and one of the crew members pranking is shown. Scenes are intercut to Rihanna and her team performing a show. Later, Rihanna jokingly explains that they put probably "the worst show ever" because of her dancers.
Rihanna explains what they do when they get to a city: "Sometimes we get to the city that morning. We sometimes come straight to the venue. We pull up, everybody comes out, you shower, then you do your sound check. Then it's time to get ready. Hair, makeup, that's the fun part." Rihanna then shows her dressing room, makeup artists and costumes. She explains how she loves wearing black on stage because she is "good girl gone bad and black is kind of gothic and rock n' roll". Rihanna explains how she is nervous before the beginning of the show because of the atmosphere where all of her fans are screaming her name. According to her, the beginning of the show is up-tempo and loud, before becoming a little bit "mellow" at the middle of it. The show then gets "on party" again with their techno club set-list. The encore consists of "Question Existing" and "Umbrella". According to Rihanna, "Question Existing" is a very personal song which American singer Ne-Yo wrote "on behalf of entertainers". She concluded that it is very hard for her to call herself a superstar. The Documentary Feature ends with Rihanna announcing that in the end of 2008 she will be hitting the studio again and "she won't be away for too long".
Critical response
Azeem Ahmad of MusicOMH positively reviewed Good Girl Gone Bad Live giving it four stars and wrote that "it isn't going to win over any new fans, but buying it won't disappoint the many that already exist".{{cite web|last=Ahmad |first=Azeem |date=June 16, 2008 |title=Rihanna – Good Girl Gone Bad Live |url=http://www.musicomh.com/music/dvds/rihanna_0608.htm |publisher=musicOMH |access-date=July 18, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010101237/http://www.musicomh.com/music/dvds/rihanna_0608.htm |archive-date=October 10, 2012 }} According to him the songs are different from their recorded versions and sound "infectiously upbeat but in a more grown-up way than the album". Ahmad concluded that even the "cringey" American pronunciation of "Manchester" and associated drivel can't take away the vocal strength of "Rehab". He further praised the interlude "Scratch" calling it "impressive". Ahmad concluded that "If anyone was still wondering, Rihanna isn't miming during this show but the DVD's audio might be little bit out of sync with the video." A reviewer of Blu-ray.com was more critical stating that even though the transfer does not have serious technical flaws, the video can not pair to Live from the Royal Albert Hall (2009) by American rock band The Killers. According to the reviewer there are few close-ups that look soft and also a lot of motion-judder that ranges from mild to strong. He stated that the camera positioning during a lot of acts in not "overly convincing" and some close-ups are too dark. However, according to him contrast levels are good. The reviewer concluded that "all in all, consistency is definitely an issue with Good Girl Gone Bad; parts of the show look great in high-definition, but there are also certain parts of it that are far from convincing." At the 51st Annual Grammy Awards, Good Girl Gone Bad Live received a nomination for Best Long Form Music Video, but lost to Runnin' Down a Dream (2007).{{cite web |url=http://www.grammy.com/nominees/search?artist=&title=&year=All&genre=18 |title=Past Winners Search |access-date=May 14, 2011 |publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences}}
Commercial performance
Good Girl Gone Bad Live debuted at its peak of number six on the US Billboard Music DVD chart for the issue dated August 2, 2008. The next week it dropped to number 12,{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/videos/3098398|title=Top Music Video 2008-08-09|publisher=Billboard.biz. Prometheus Global Media|access-date=August 22, 2012}}{{Dead link|date=November 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} before falling to number 19 for the week dated August 16, 2008.{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/videos/3098616|title=Top Music Video 2008-08-16|publisher=Billboard.biz. Prometheus Global Media|access-date=August 22, 2012}}{{Dead link|date=November 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} The next week it fell off the chart, but re-entered on November 22, 2008 at number 11, as a result of its DVD release in the United States.{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/videos/3102784|title=Top Music Video 2008-11-22|publisher=Billboard.biz. Prometheus Global Media|access-date=August 22, 2012}}{{Dead link|date=November 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Good Girl Gone Bad Live stayed on the chart for total of 23 weeks.{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/charts/chart-search-results/1?orderBy=chartDate&orderType=a|title=Chart Search Results: Good Girl Gone Bad Live|publisher=Billboard.biz. Prometheus Global Media|access-date=August 22, 2012}} In Australia, Good Girl Gone Bad Live entered the Australian Music DVD Chart at its peak of number six for the issue dated June 30, 2008. The next week it fell to number 11 and stayed on the position for three weeks.{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/issue958.pdf|archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20080719140000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20080720-0000/issue958.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2008-07-19|title=The ARIA Report – Week Commencing July 7, 2008|publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association. Pandora.nla|access-date=August 22, 2012}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/issue960.pdf|archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20080719140000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20080720-0000/issue960.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2008-07-19|title=The ARIA Report – Week Commencing July 21, 2008|publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association. Pandora.nla|access-date=August 22, 2012}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} The following week the video album dropped two places to number 13.{{cite web|url=http://www.aria.com.au/issue961.pdf|archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20080819140000/http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/23790/20080820-0000/issue961.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=2008-08-19|title=The ARIA Report – Week Commencing July 28, 2008|publisher=Australian Recording Industry Association. Pandora.nla|access-date=August 22, 2012}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} Good Girl Gone Bad Live was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA)
Good Girl Gone Bad Live debuted at number one on the Austrian Music DVD Chart on July 4, 2008. However, the next week it fell seven places to number eight and stayed on the position for two weeks.{{cite web|url=http://www.austriancharts.at/weekchart.asp?cat=d&year=2008&date=20080718|title=Musik-DVDs Top 10 18.07.2008|publisher=Ö3 Austria Top 40. Hung Medien|access-date=August 22, 2012|language=de}} On July 25, 2008 it started climbing the chart again and eventually reached number five on August 8, 2008.{{cite web|url=http://www.austriancharts.at/weekchart.asp?cat=d&year=2008&date=20080808|title=Musik-DVDs Top 10 08.08.2008|publisher=Ö3 Austria Top 40. Hung Medien|access-date=August 22, 2012|language=de}} Good Girl Gone Bad Live entered the Swiss Music DVD Chart at number three on July 6, 2008,{{cite web|url=http://swisscharts.com/weekchart.asp?cat=d&date=20080629&year=2008|title=Music DVD Top 10|language=de|publisher=Swiss Music Charts. Hung Medien|access-date=August 21, 2012}} however, it rose to number one the following week. On July 13, 2008 it fell to number five, but climbed to number two the following week.{{cite web|url=http://swisscharts.com/weekchart.asp?cat=d&date=20080720&year=2008|title=Music DVD Top 10|language=de|publisher=Swiss Music Charts. Hung Medien|access-date=August 21, 2012}} The video album reached a peak of number two on the Belgium Music DVD Chart in both Flanders and Wallonia. Good Girl Gone Bad Live also peaked at number seven on the Dutch Music DVD Chart and Spanish Music DVD Chart and at number nine on the Italian Music DVD Chart.
Track listing
{{Track listing
| title1 = Pon de Replay
| writer1 = {{Flat list|
- A. Brooks
- Vada Nobles
- Carl Sturken
- Evan Rogers}}
| length1 = 3:26
| title2 = Break It Off
| writer2 = {{Flat list|
- D. Bennett
- Sean Henriques
- K. Ford
- Robyn Fenty}}
| length2 = 2:00
| title3 = Let Me
| writer3 = {{Flat list|
- Makeba Riddick
- Mikkel S. Eriksen
- Tor Erik Hermansen
- Rogers
- Sturken}}
| length3 = 4:13
| title4 = Rehab
| writer4 = {{Flat list|
- Justin Timberlake
- Timothy Mosley
- Hannon Lane}}
| length4 = 3:21
| title5 = Breakin' Dishes
| writer5 = {{Flat list|
| length5 = 3:21
| title6 = Is This Love
| writer6 = Bob Marley
| length6 = 3:09
| title7 = Kisses Don't Lie
| writer7 = {{Flat list|
- Rogers
- Sturken
- Fenty}}
| length7 = 3:01
| title8 = Scratch
| writer8 = T. Bruno
| length8 = 2:22
| title9 = SOS
| writer9 = {{Flat list|
| length9 = 3:31
| title10 = Good Girl Gone Bad
| writer10 = {{Flat list|
- Shaffer Smith
- Hermansen
- Eriksen
- Lene Marlin}}
| length10 = 3:19
| title11 = Hate That I Love You
| writer11 = {{Flat list|
- Smith
- Hermansen
- Eriksen}}
| length11 = 3:39
| title12 = Unfaithful
| writer12 = {{Flat list|
- Smith
- Hermansen
- Eriksen}}
| length12 = 3:59
| title13 = Sell Me Candy
| writer13 = {{Flat list|
- Nash
- Riddick
- Mosley}}
| length13 = 3:45
| title14 = Don't Stop the Music
| writer14 = {{Flat list|
- Hermansen
- Eriksen
- Tawanna Dabney
- Michael Jackson}}
| length14 = 4:11
| title15 = Push Up On Me
| writer15 = {{Flat list|
- Rotem
- Riddick
- Lionel Richie
- Cynthia Weil}}
| length15 = 2:26
| title16 = Shut Up and Drive
| writer16 = {{Flat list|
- Rogers
- Sturken
- Stephen Morris
- Peter Hook
- Bernard Sumner
- Gillian Gilbert}}
| length16 = 5:14
| title17 = Question Existing
| writer17 = {{Flat list|
- Smith
- Shea Taylor
- Shawn Carter}}
| length17 = 4:44
| title18 = Umbrella
| writer18 = {{Flat list|
- Stewart
- Nash
- Thaddis Harrell
- Carter}}
| length18 = 4:55
}}
{{Track listing
| headline = Bonus features
| title19 = Documentary Feature
| length19 = 16:50
| title20 = Hidden video
| length20 = 3:00
}}
Charts
Certifications
{{Certification Table Top}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Australia|type=video|title=Good Girl Gone Bad Live|artist=Rihanna|award=Platinum|relyear=2007|certyear=2010|refname="ARIA"}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=Brazil|type=video|title=Good Girl Gone Bad Live|artist=Rihanna|award=Gold|relyear=2007|certyear=2012|refname="ABPD"}}
{{Certification Table Entry|region=United States|type=video|title=Good Girl Gone Bad|artist=Rihanna|award=Gold|relyear=2007|certyear=2010|refname="RIAA"}}
{{certification Table Bottom}}
Credits and personnel
{{col-start}}
{{col-2}}
;Band
- Rihanna (lead vocals)
- Kevin Hastings (keyboards)
- Eric Smith (bass)
- David Haddon (drums)
- Adam Ross (lead guitar)
- Richard Fortus (rhythm guitar)
- Ashleigh Haney (backing vocals)
- Erica King (backing vocals)
;Styling
- Ursula Stephen (hair)
- Mylah Morales (makeup)
- Lysa Cooper (stylist)
- Mariel Haenn (stylist)
- Hollywood (stylist)
{{col-2}}
;Crew on the road
- Anthony Randall (production manager)
- JP Firmin (tour manager)
- Mark Dawson (security)
- Fankie Fuccile (stage manager)
- Alex MacLeod (tour accountant)
- Dave Berrera (stage tech)
- Alex Skowron (lighting director)
- TJ Thompson (rigger)
- Simon James (carpenter)
- David Kirkwood (front-of-house engineer)
- Richard Galercki (monitor engineer)
- Elizabeth Springer (wardrobe)
;Dancers
- Victoria Parsons (dance captain)
- Rachel Markarian
- Bryan Tanaka
- Julius Law
{{col-end}}
Credits adapted from the notes of Good Girl Gone Bad Live, Def Jam Recordings, SRP Records.
Release history
References
{{Reflist|30em}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20080827205518/http://www.universalmusiconline.com/rihanna/good-girl-gone-bad-live/ Rihanna – Good Girl Gone Bad Live – DVD] at Universal Music Online
- [http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/rihanna-good-girl-gone-bad-live/ Rihanna: Good Girl Gone Bad Live] at Rotten Tomatoes
{{Rihanna}}
{{Authority control}}