Gordon Plotkin

{{Short description|Computer Scientist}}

{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}

{{Infobox scientist

| image = Gordon Plotkin.jpg

| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FRS|FRSE|MAE|size=100%}}

| caption = Plotkin in 2005

| name = Gordon Plotkin

| birth_name = Gordon David Plotkin

| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1946|9|9}}

{{Who's Who | author=Anon| title=Plotkin, Prof. Gordon David | id = U31011 | year = 2013 | edition = online Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|doi=10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U31011}}

| birth_place = Glasgow, Scotland

| field = Logic
Mathematics
Computer science

| work_institution = University of Edinburgh
Laboratory for Foundations of Computer Science
School of Informatics
University of Glasgow

| alma_mater = University of Glasgow (BSc)
University of Edinburgh (PhD)

| awards = {{Plainlist|

| thesis_title = Automatic methods of inductive inference

| thesis_year = 1972

| thesis_url = https://hdl.handle.net/1842/6656

| known_for = Programming Computable Functions
Unbounded nondeterminism
Operational semantics
Domain theory

| website = {{URL|http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/gdp}}
{{URL|inf.ed.ac.uk/people/staff/Gordon_Plotkin.html}}

| doctoral_advisor = {{Plainlist|

| doctoral_students = {{Plainlist|

  • Luca Cardelli{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Luca|last=Cardelli |title=An algebraic approach to hardware description and verification |publisher=University of Edinburgh |date=1982 |id={{EThOS|uk.bl.ethos.253190}}|hdl=1842/13308

|author-link=Luca Cardelli}}

  • Philippa Gardner{{cite thesis|degree=PhD|publisher=University of Edinburgh|hdl=1842/14888|title=Representing logics in type theory|first= Philippa|last=Gardner|date=1992|id={{EThOS|uk.bl.ethos.651333}}}} {{free access}}
  • Doug Gurr{{cite thesis|degree=PhD|publisher=University of Edinburgh|hdl=1842/13968|title=Semantic frameworks for complexity|first= Douglas John|last=Gurr|date=1990|id={{EThOS|uk.bl.ethos.651894}}|oclc=475827463}} {{free access}}
  • Eugenio Moggi{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Eugenio|last=Moggi |title=The partial lambda calculus |publisher=University of Edinburgh |date=1999 |hdl=1842/419|author-link=Eugenio Moggi}}
  • Lǐ Wèi{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Lǐ|last=Wèi |title=An operational approach to semantics and translation for programming languages |date=1983 |hdl=1842/6636}}

}}

}}

Gordon David Plotkin (born 9 September 1946) is a theoretical computer scientist in the School of Informatics at the University of Edinburgh. Plotkin is probably best known for his introduction of structural operational semantics (SOS) and his work on denotational semantics. In particular, his notes on A Structural Approach to Operational Semantics were very influential.{{Cite journal |last=Crary |first=Karl |last2=Harper |first2=Robert |date=2007 |title=Syntactic Logical Relations for Polymorphic and Recursive Types|journal=Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science |language=en |volume=172 |page=259 |doi=10.1016/j.entcs.2007.02.010|doi-access=free }}{{Citation |last=Curien |first=Pierre-Louis |title=Semantics and syntax, between computer science and mathematics |date=April 2022 |url=https://curien.galene.org/papers/French-school-PLC.pdf |page=2}} He has contributed to many other areas of computer science.{{Google scholar id}}{{ACMPortal|id=81100235459}}{{Scopus id}}{{DBLP|name=Gordon D. Plotkin}}{{Cite journal | last1 = Mitchell | first1 = J. C. | author-link1 = John C. Mitchell| last2 = Plotkin | first2 = G. D.| author-link2 = Gordon Plotkin | doi = 10.1145/44501.45065 | title = Abstract types have existential type | journal = ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems | volume = 10 | issue = 3 | pages = 470 | year = 1988 | s2cid = 1222153 | doi-access = free }}{{Cite journal | last1 = Abadi | first1 = M. N. | author-link1 = Martín Abadi| last2 = Burrows | first2 = M. | author-link2 = Michael Burrows (computer scientist)| last3 = Lampson | first3 = B. | author-link3 = Butler Lampson| last4 = Plotkin | first4 = G. | author-link4 = Gordon Plotkin| title = A calculus for access control in distributed systems | doi = 10.1145/155183.155225 | journal = ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems | volume = 15 | issue = 4 | pages = 706 | year = 1993 | hdl = 1842/207 | url = http://homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/gdp/publications/Calculus_for_Access_Control.pdf| citeseerx = 10.1.1.72.3756 | s2cid = 13260508 }}{{cite web|url=http://www.lfcs.inf.ed.ac.uk/events/plotkin-symposium/|title=Symposium for Gordon Plotkin|website=www.lfcs.inf.ed.ac.uk}}

Education

Plotkin was educated at the University of Glasgow and the University of Edinburgh, gaining his Bachelor of Science degree in 1967 and PhD in 1972{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |first=Gordon David|last=Plotkin |title=Automatic methods of inductive inference |publisher=University of Edinburgh |date=1972 |hdl=1842/6656|id={{EThOS|uk.bl.ethos.482992}}|author-link=Gordon Plotkin}} {{free access}} supervised by Rod Burstall.

Career and research

Plotkin has remained at Edinburgh, and was, with Burstall and Robin Milner, a co-founder of the Laboratory for Foundations of Computer Science (LFCS).{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/0304-3975(75)90017-1| title = Call-by-name, call-by-value and the λ-calculus| journal = Theoretical Computer Science| volume = 1| issue = 2| pages = 125–159| year = 1975| last1 = Plotkin | first1 = G. D. | doi-access = free}}{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/j.jlap.2004.03.009| title = The origins of structural operational semantics| journal = The Journal of Logic and Algebraic Programming| volume = 60-61| pages = 3–15| year = 2004| last1 = Plotkin | first1 = G. D. | doi-access = free}}[http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/plotkin81structural.html A Structural Approach to Operational Semantics] by G.D. Plotkin (1981)[http://vmoc.museophile.org/pvs04/ Program Verification and Semantics: Further Work] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070926235346/http://vmoc.museophile.org/pvs04/ |date=26 September 2007 }} (2004) His former doctoral students include Luca Cardelli, Philippa Gardner, Doug Gurr, Eugenio Moggi, and Lǐ Wèi.

= Awards and honours=

Plotkin was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1992, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (FRSE){{when|date=November 2018}} and is a Member of the Academia Europæa{{cite web|url=https://www.ae-info.org/ae/Member/Plotkin_Gordon|title=Academy of Europe: Plotkin Gordon|first=Ilire Hasani, Robert|last=Hoffmann|website=www.ae-info.org}} and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.{{cite web|url=https://www.amacad.org/new-members-2023|title=New Members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences}} He is also a winner of the Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. Plotkin received the Milner Award in 2012 for "his fundamental research into programming semantics with lasting impact on both the principles and design of programming languages."{{cite web|url=http://royalsociety.org/awards/milner-award/|title=- Royal Society|website=royalsociety.org}} His nomination for the Royal Society reads: {{centred pull quote|Plotkin has contributed to Artificial Intelligence, Logic, Linguistics and especially to Computer Science. In AI he worked on hypothesis-formation and universal unification; in Logic, on frameworks for arbitrary logics; in Linguistics, on formalising situation theory.

His main general contribution has been to establish a semantic framework for Computer Science, especially programming languages. Particular significant results are in the lambda-calculus (elementary models, definability, call-by-value), non-determinism (powerdomain theory), semantic formalisms (structured operational semantics, metalanguages), and categories of semantic domains (coherent, pro-finite, concrete). Further contributions concern the semantic paradigm of full abstraction, concurrency theory (event structures), programming logic and type theory.{{cite web |url=https://collections.royalsociety.org/DServe.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqCmd=show.tcl&dsqSearch=(RefNo==%27EC%2F1992%2F29%27) |title=EC/1992/29: Plotkin, Gordon David |publisher=The Royal Society |archive-date=16 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416180351/https://collections.royalsociety.org/DServe.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqCmd=show.tcl&dsqSearch=(RefNo==%27EC%2F1992%2F29%27) |location=London |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}}}

References