Gotham City#Geography

In Jim Steranko's History of the Comics, writer Bill Finger, on the naming of the city, said, "Originally I was going to call Gotham City 'Civic City.' Then I tried 'Capital City,' then 'Coast City.' Then I flipped through the New York City phone book and spotted the name 'Gotham Jewelers' and said, 'That's it,' Gotham City. We didn't call it New York because we wanted anybody in any city to identify with it."{{cite book |author-link=Jim Steranko |last=Steranko |first=Jim |title=The Steranko History of Comics |publisher=Supergraphics |location=Reading, PA |year=1970 |isbn=978-0-517-50188-7 |page=44}}

"Gotham" has been a nickname for New York City that first became popular in the 19th century; Washington Irving had first attached it to New York in the November 11, 1807, edition of his Salmagundi,Burrows, Edwin G. and Mike Wallace. Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898. (Oxford University Press, 1999), 417. a periodical which lampooned New York culture and politics. Irving took the name from the English village of Gotham, Nottinghamshire, which was known for the Wise Men of Gotham story, a legendary incident where the village's residents feigned idiocy to prevent a royal visit from John, King of England.{{cite web |url= http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-got1.htm |title= Gotham |publisher= World Wide Words |date= February 6, 1999 |access-date= July 13, 2011 |archive-date= August 18, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220818045716/http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-got1.htm |url-status= live }}{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-nottinghamshire-24760791 |title=The real Gotham: The village behind the Batman stories |date=January 1, 2014 |last=Lowbridge |first=Caroline |work=BBC News |access-date=June 20, 2015 |archive-date=January 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230101181145/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-nottinghamshire-24760791 |url-status=live }}

File:Gotham City map (Amazing World of DC Comics).jpg of New Jersey from Amazing World of DC Comics #14 (March 1977). Art by Dick Dillin.|left]]

Gotham City, like other cities in the DC Universe, has varied in its portrayals over the decades, but the city's location is traditionally depicted as being in the state of New Jersey.The World's Greatest Super Heroes, August 13, 1978. DC Comics.World's Finest Comics #259, October–November 1979The New Adventures of Superboy #14, October 1981. DC Comics. Gotham and Metropolis are sometimes portrayed as twin cities on opposite sides of the Delaware Bay, with Gotham in New Jersey and Metropolis in Delaware.Secret Files & Origins Guide to the DC Universe 2000 #1 (March 2000) File:Batman Knight over Gotham.jpg.]]

File:Gotham-City-1881.jpg

Gotham City was founded in 1635 by Jon Logerquist, a Norwegian mercenary, before subsequently being taken over by the English; this parallels the history of New York City, which was founded by the Dutch as New Amsterdam before being conquered by England and renamed New York.Atlas of the DC Universe. Mayfair Games. During the American Revolutionary War, Gotham City was the site of a major battle between American and British forces (paralleling the real-life Battle of Long Island). This was detailed in Rick Veitch's Swamp Thing #85 featuring Tomahawk. Rumors held it to be the site of various occult rites.

The 2011 comic book series Batman: Gates of Gotham details a history of Gotham City in which Alan Wayne (Bruce Wayne's ancestor), Theodore Cobblepot (Oswald Cobblepot's ancestor), and Edward Elliot (Thomas Elliot's ancestor), are considered as the founding fathers of Gotham. In 1881, they constructed three bridges called the Gates of Gotham, each bearing one of their last names. Edward Elliot became increasingly jealous of the Wayne family's popularity and wealth during this period, jealousy that would spread to his great-great-grandson, Thomas Elliot or Hush.'Batman: Gates to Gotham, May 2011. DC Comics.

The occult origins of Gotham are further delved into by Peter Milligan's 1990 story arc "Dark Knight, Dark City",{{cite web|author=Burgas, Greg|title=Dark Knight, Dark City|url=http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2010/04/13/comics-you-should-own-flashback-batman-452-454/|date=April 13, 2010|website=Comic Book Resources|access-date=July 29, 2012|archive-date=September 27, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927184121/http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2010/04/13/comics-you-should-own-flashback-batman-452-454/|url-status=dead}} which reveals that some of the Founding Fathers of the United States are involved in summoning a bat-demon which becomes trapped beneath old "Gotham Town", its dark influence spreading as Gotham City evolves. A similar trend is followed in 2005's Shadowpact #5 by Bill Willingham, which expands upon Gotham's occult heritage by revealing a being who has slept for 40,000 years beneath the land upon which Gotham City was built. Strega, the being's servant, says that the "dark and often cursed character" of the city was influenced by the being who now uses the name "Doctor Gotham". In Gotham Underground #2 by Frank Tieri, Tobias Whale claims that 19th century Gotham was run by five rival gangs, until the first "masks" appeared, eventually forming a gang of their own. It is not clear whether these were vigilantes or costumed criminals.

Many storylines have added more events to Gotham's history, at the same time greatly affecting the city and its people. Perhaps the greatest in effect was a long set of serial storylines, which started with Ra's al Ghul releasing a debilitating virus called the "Clench" during the "Contagion" storyline. As that arc concluded, the city was beginning to recover, only to suffer an earthquake measuring 7.6 on the Richter Scale in the 1998 "Cataclysm" storyline. This resulted in the federal government cutting Gotham off from the rest of the United States in the 1999 storyline "No Man's Land", the city's remaining residents forced to engage in gang warfare, either as active participants or paying for protection from groups ranging from the GCPD to the Penguin, just to stay alive. Eventually, Gotham was rebuilt and returned to the U.S. as part of a campaign mounted by Lex Luthor, who used the positive publicity of his role to make a successful bid for the position of President of the United States.{{Volume needed|c=y|date=June 2021}} Suggestions of other Gotham City histories include a founding date of 1820 seen in a city seal in Batman: Return of the Caped Crusaders.

Batman writer and editor Dennis O'Neil has said that, figuratively, Batman's Gotham City is akin to "Manhattan below 14th Street at eleven minutes past midnight on the coldest night in November".O'Neil, Dennis. Afterword. Batman: Knightfall, A Novel. New York: Bantam Books. 1994. 344. Batman artist Neal Adams has long believed that Chicago has been the basis for Gotham, stating "one of the things about Chicago is Chicago has alleys (which are virtually nonexistent in New York). Back alleys, that's where Batman fights all the bad guys."{{cite web|url=https://www.today.com/popculture/dark-knights-kind-town-gotham-city-1C9412739|title=Dark Knight's kind of town: Gotham City|work=Today|publisher=Associated Press|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=July 20, 2008|access-date=February 18, 2023|archive-date=October 6, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006122822/http://www.today.com/id/25774413#.UzZCF8d4Q9U}} The statement "Metropolis is New York by day; Gotham City is New York by night" has been variously attributed to comics creators Frank Miller and John Byrne.

File:Gotham City Batman Vol 1 615.png

In designing Batman: The Animated Series, creators Bruce Timm and Eric Radomski emulated the Tim Burton films' "otherworldly timelessness", incorporating period features such as black-and-white title cards, police airships (although no such thing existed, Timm has stated that he found it to fit the show's style), and a "vintage" color scheme with film noir flourishes.Bruce Timm and Eric Radomski, audio commentary for "On Leather Wings", Batman: The Animated Series, Warner Bros, Volume One box set DVD. Police airships have since been incorporated into Batman comic books and are a recurring element in Gotham City.

Concerning the evolution of Gotham throughout the years, former Batman editor Paul Levitz has stated, "Each guy adds their own vision. That's the fun of comics, rebuilding a city each time".

File:Helsinki Railway station towe&statues.jpg and Art Nouveau buildings, such as Helsinki Central Railway Station, inspired the look of Gotham in the 1989 film Batman.{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/760478/Helsinki-a-cruisers-guide.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/760478/Helsinki-a-cruisers-guide.html |archive-date=January 11, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Helsinki: a cruiser's guide |newspaper=The Telegraph |date= February 27, 2008|access-date=May 14, 2013}}{{cbignore}}]]

In Batman: Gothic, Gotham Cathedral plays a central role in the story since it is built by Mr. Whisper, the story's antagonist.

In a 1992 storyline, a man obsessed with Pinkney's architecture destroys several Gotham buildings to reveal the Pinkney structures they had hidden; the editorial purpose behind this was to make Gotham resemble its depiction in the 1989 Batman film.{{Cite comic | Writer = Grant, Alan | Artist = Breyfogle, Norm| Story = The Destroyer Part One: A Tale of Two Cities| Title = Batman|Issue = 474|date=February 1992| Publisher = DC Comics}}{{Cite comic| Writer = Grant, Alan|Penciller = Sprouse, Chris| Inker = Patterson, Bruce| Copencillers = Anton Furst|Story = The Destroyer Part Two: Solomon|Title = Legends of the Dark Knight| Issue = 27|date=February 1992| Publisher = DC Comics }}{{Cite comic| Writer =Grant, Alan| Penciller = Aparo, Jim| Inker = DeCarlo, Mike|Story =The Destroyer Part Three| Title = Detective Comics| Issue = #641|date=February 1992| Publisher = DC Comics}}

Batman Begins features a CGI-augmented version of Chicago while The Dark Knight more directly features Chicago infrastructure and architecture such as Navy Pier. The Dark Knight Rises forgoes Chicago, instead shooting in Pittsburgh; Los Angeles; New York City; Newark, New Jersey; London; and Glasgow.

Over the years, in various Batman-related titles in the chronological DC Comics continuity, the Caped Crusader enlists the help of numerous characters, the first being his trusty sidekick, Robin. Although a singular title, many have donned the mantle over the years. The first being Nightwing, then came Red Hood, Red Robin, Spoiler and finally Batman's son Damian Wayne. In addition to the Robins or former Robins, there is also Catwoman, Batgirl (Barbara Gordon), Batgirl (Cassandra Cain), Signal, Batwing, Batwoman, and Huntress.{{Cite book |last=Manning |first=Matthew |title=Batman Character Encyclopedia |publisher=DK Children |year=2016 |isbn=9781465444981 |location=New York}}

Other DC characters have also been depicted to be living in Gotham, including the hitman Tommy Monaghan;Ennis, Garth (w). John McCrea (a). "A Rage in Arkham". Hitman. April 1996. DC Comics. Jason Blood, the host of the demon Etrigan; the Green Lantern Alan Scott;Detective Comics #784–786. DC Comics. the original Spectre (Jim Corrigan);More Fun Comics #94. DC Comics. Black Canary;Secret Origins #50. DC Comics. Starman;Adventure Comics #89. DC Comics. and the Grey Ghost.Sensation Comics #25. DC Comics.

DC's 2011 reboot of All Star Western takes place in an Old West-styled Gotham. Jonah Hex and Amadeus Arkham are among this version of Gotham's inhabitants.Palmiotti, Jimmy; Gray, Justin (w); Moritat (a). All Star Western Vol. 1: Guns and Gotham (November 6, 2012). DC Comics. (Reprints issues 1–6).

Apart from Gotham's superhero residents, the residents of the city feature in a back-up series in Detective Comics called Tales of Gotham CityDetective Comics #488–490, 492, 494, 495, 504, 507. DC Comics. and in two limited series called Gotham Nights. Additionally, the Gotham City Police Department is the focus of the series Gotham Central, as well as the mini-series Gordon's Law, Bullock's Law, and Batman: GCPD.

The first Gotham mayor depicted in comics was in Detective Comics #68 (October 1942).Batman #12 (October 1942). DC Comics.Detective Comics #68. DC Comics. Theodore Cobblepot, great-grandfather of the Penguin, was mayor in the late 19th century.Gotham Underground. DC Comics. An unnamed mayor encountered the Court of Owls in 1914 and was killed by them.Batman and Robin #23.2. DC Comics. Archibald Brewster was mayor during the Great Depression.Daily Planet Guide to Gotham City. West End Games. Mayor Thorndike was killed by the Made of Wood killer in 1948.Detective Comics #784-786. DC Comics. Mayor Aubrey James was a contemporary of Thomas Wayne who was stabbed to death.Legends of the Dark Knight 204-206. DC Comics. Mayor Jessop was in office shortly after the Wayne murders.Batman: The Return of Bruce Wayne #5. DC Comics. A man named Falcone was purportedly mayor during the earliest days of Batman's career. Shortly after, Mayor Wilson Klass directed the GCPD to turn a blind eye to Batman's activities after Batman saved his daughter.Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #11-15. DC Comics. Hamilton Hill was in office when the Joker debuted,Batman Confidential #24. DC Comics and a man named Gill was mayor early in Batman's career,Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #169-171. DC Comics. as was former police commissioner Grogan.Two-Face: Year One #2. DC Comics. An unnamed bald mayor was killed by a villain known as Midnight.Batman: Gotham After Midnight #7. DC Comics. Men named Carfax,Detective Comics #121. DC Comics. Bradley Stokes,Detective Comics #179. DC Comics. Sheppard,World's Finest Comics #69. DC Comics. Taylor,Detective Comics #375. DC Comics. and HayesBatman #207. DC Comics. all served as mayor. Mayor Charles Chesterfield was killed by a sentient fat-eating blob of grease.Batman: Gotham Knights #18. DC Comics.

Hamilton Hill became mayor through the backing of crime boss Rupert Thorne but was ultimately ousted from officeBatman #381 and replaced by George P. Skowcroft.Detective Comics #551. An unnamed mayor is killed by Deacon Blackfire's followers and replaced by Donald Webster.Batman: The Cult. DC Comics. Mayor Julius Lieberman is killed by a Predator.Batman Versus Predator. DC Comics/Dark Horse Comics. Mayor Goode served brieflyRobin II #3. DC Comics. before being replaced by an African American man.Detective Comics #648. DC Comics. Armand Krol became mayorBatman: Shadow of the Bat #7-9. DC Comics. and died of the Clench virus after leaving office.Detective Comics #699. DC Comics. A woman, Marion Grange, became mayor with the backing of Bruce Wayne but was assassinated in Washington, D.C., while trying to secure federal aid for Gotham after an earthquake.Batman: Road to No Man's Land. DC Comics. In the wake of No Man's Land, Daniel Danforth Dickerson III served as mayor only to be killed by a sniper, after which he was replaced by David Hull.Gotham Central #12. DC Comics. Seamus McGreevy served as mayor in the midst of a criminal conspiracy known as "The Body".Batman: City of Crime. DC Comics. An unnamed woman was mayor when Batman returned to Gotham a year after Infinite Crisis.Detective Comics #817. DC Comics. Sebastian Hady was a corrupt mayor who was eventually killed by the League of Shadows.Detective Comics #951. DC Comics. Councilwoman Muir served as interim mayor when the city was in the grip of a virus that only affected men.Batgirl and the Birds of Prey #15-17. DC Comics. Michael Akins, former commissioner of police, was appointed mayor,Detective Comics #969. DC Comics. and later replaced by a man named Atkins.Batman vs. Ra's al Ghul #1. DC Comics. In the wake of Bane's takeover of the city, a man named Dunch served as mayor,Batman'' (vol. 3) #86. DC Comics. and in the aftermath of the Joker War, anti-vigilante mayoral candidate Christopher Nakano wins election in a landslide.{{cite news|title=DC December 2020 solicitations and covers|url=https://www.gamesradar.com/dc-december-solicitations-covers/|publisher=Newsarama|date=September 11, 2020|access-date=September 11, 2020|archive-date=September 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200911180200/https://www.gamesradar.com/dc-december-solicitations-covers/|url-status=live}}

In multiple episodes of the 1960s live-action Batman television series, Batman is seen consulting a transparent map of Gotham, which is an inverted map of St. Louis.

The live-action TV series Gotham was filmed in New York City and was an important requirement of the show's creative team.{{Cite web|url=https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/gotham-the-evolution-of-batmans-hometown/|title=Gotham: The Evolution of Batman's Hometown|date=2015-05-04|website=Den of Geek|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-27|archive-date=March 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327231402/https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/gotham-the-evolution-of-batmans-hometown/|url-status=live}} According to executive producer Danny Cannon, its atmosphere was inspired by the look of New York in the 1970s films of Sidney Lumet and William Friedkin. Clues to this include and signs showing phone numbers bearing the area code 212.[http://www.fox.com/watch/318588995990 "Gotham: The Legend Reborn Preview Special: Behind The Shadows (Part 3)"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903101432/http://www.fox.com/watch/318588995990 |date=September 3, 2014 }}. Fox Broadcasting Company. Retrieved August 30, 2014. Donal Logue, who portrayed Harvey Bullock, described different aspects of that series' design of Gotham City as exhibiting different sensibilities, explaining, "for me, you can step into things that almost feel like the roaring 20s, and then there's this other really kind of heavy Blade Runner vibe floating around. There are elements of it that are completely contemporary and there are pieces of it that are very old-fashioned ... There were a couple of examples of modern technology, but maybe an antiquated version of it, that gave me a little bit of sense that it's certainly not the 50s and the 60s ... But it's not high tech and it's not futuristic, by any means."{{cite web |last=Hankins |first=Brent |url=http://nerdrepository.com/interview-donal-logue-talks-conflict-character-development-gotham/ |title=Interview: Donal Logue talks conflict and character development in 'Gotham' |publisher=Nerd Repository |date=February 18, 2014 |access-date=February 18, 2014 |archive-date=February 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140218185440/http://nerdrepository.com/interview-donal-logue-talks-conflict-character-development-gotham/ |url-status=dead }}

The fifth episode of Young Justice, entitled "Schooled", indicates that Gotham is located in Connecticut, near Bridgeport.

The 2019 series Batwoman, which is set in Gotham City, was filmed in Chicago.{{Cite web |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/tv/ct-ent-batwoman-pilot-filming-chicago-20190325-story.html |title='Batwoman' TV pilot filming scenes in Chicago this week |last=Swartz |first=Tracy |date=March 25, 2019 |website=Chicago Tribune |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407231313/https://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/tv/ct-ent-batwoman-pilot-filming-chicago-20190325-story.html |archive-date=April 7, 2019 |access-date=April 7, 2019}}

The 2024 series The Penguin is set in Gotham City.

{{main|DC Animated Universe}}

Gotham City is featured heavily in Batman: The Animated Series. When describing Gotham City Paul Dini, a writer and director of the show, stated "In my mind, it was sort of like what if the 1939 World's Fair had gone on another 60 years or so". In the episode "Joker's Favor", a driver's license lists a Gotham area resident's hometown as "Gotham Estates, NY". In the episode "Avatar", when Bruce Wayne leaves for England, a map shows Gotham City, at the joining of Long Island and the Hudson River. The episode "Fire from Olympus" shows a character's address in a police file indicating that Gotham City is located in New York state. The episode "The Mechanic", however, implies that Gotham resides in a state of the same name; a prison workshop is shown stamping license plates that read "Gotham: The Dark Deco State" (as a reference to the artistic style of the series). The episode "Harlequinade" states that Gotham has a population of approximately 10 million.

Batman Beyond (1999–2001) envisions a Gotham City in 2039, referred to as "Neo-Gotham".{{cite web|url=https://www.gamesradar.com/batman-beyond-neo-gothic-delves-into-the-mysteries-of-old-gotham-this-summer/|title=Batman Beyond: Neo-Gothic delves into the mysteries of Old Gotham this summer|website=Newsarama|author=Marston, George|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=April 9, 2023|access-date=April 13, 2023|archive-date=April 6, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230406164924/https://www.gamesradar.com/batman-beyond-neo-gothic-delves-into-the-mysteries-of-old-gotham-this-summer/}}

{{main|Arrowverse}}

Gotham City was first shown in the Arrowverse as part of "Elseworlds", a 2018 crossover storyline among the shows, which introduced Batwoman, although it had been referred to several times previously.{{cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/batwoman-make-arrow-verse-debut-next-crossover-1112799 |title=Batwoman to Make in 'Arrow'-verse Debut in Next Crossover |last=Goldberg |first=Lesley |work=Hollywood Reporter |date=May 17, 2018 |access-date=May 17, 2018 |archive-date=May 18, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518001654/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/batwoman-make-arrow-verse-debut-next-crossover-1112799 |url-status=live }}

In The Flash episode "Marathon", a map shows Gotham City in place of Chicago, Illinois.

Themed lands meant to represent Gotham City have been physically constructed in several different theme parks around the world. WB Movie World in Germany featured a Gotham City section that housed Batman Adventure – The Ride, and Six Flags Magic Mountain opened a section called the "Gotham City Backlot" that featured Batman: The Ride. The section featured at Magic Mountain was designed by park designer Kevin Barbee, and alongside the opening of Batman: The Ride coincided with the largest expansion the park had ever undergone in 23 years, with the theming elements primarily having been inspired by the Batman films directed by Tim Burton. Both the ride and the Gotham City Backlot opened on March 26, 1994.{{Cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-03-26-ca-38648-story.html |title=Batman Scales the Mountain: Gotham City Area, Roller Coaster Are Largest Expansion in Magic Mountain's 23-Year History at the Los Angeles Times |work=Los Angeles Times |date=March 26, 1994 |access-date=August 8, 2022 |archive-date=August 8, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220808024627/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-03-26-ca-38648-story.html |url-status=live }}

The Magic Mountain section closed at the end of the park's 2010 season and was later rethemed and rebranded as the "DC Universe", featuring characters and attractions other than just Batman. It reopened in 2011.

Warner Bros. World Abu Dhabi features a section themed after Gotham City, including rides based on Batman, the Riddler and the Scarecrow as well as a walk-through attraction called "The Joker's Funhouse". The park and its Gotham City section were designed by Thinkwell Group.{{Cite web |url=https://thinkwellgroup.com/project/warner-bros-world-abu-dhabi/ |title=Warner Bros. World Abu Dhabi at Thinkwell Group |access-date=August 8, 2022 |archive-date=August 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814034825/https://thinkwellgroup.com/project/warner-bros-world-abu-dhabi/ |url-status=live }} DC characters as they appear in both the attractions themselves as well as through live performers feature costumes based on The New 52 comic book relaunch from 2011. The Gotham City section neighbors another section themed after Metropolis, home of Superman.

{{main|Batman (1989 film series)}}

File:Gotham skyline.JPG in the 1989 Batman film]]

Batman (1989) director Tim Burton wanted a timeless alternative to New York and described it as "hell burst through the pavement and grew". The look of Gotham was overseen by production designer Anton Furst, who won an Oscar for supervising the art department.{{cite magazine |last=Daly |first=Steve |url=https://ew.com/article/1992/06/19/designing-set-batman-returns/ |title=Sets Appeal: Designing 'Batman Returns' |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |date=June 19, 1992 |access-date=December 25, 2010 |archive-date=October 10, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010170405/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,310819,00.html |url-status=live }} Furst stated Batman was "definitely based in many ways on the worst aspects of New York City" and was inspired by Andreas Feininger's photographs of 1940s New York. Furst's draftsman Nigel Phelps created numerous charcoal drawings of the buildings and interior sets for the production.{{Cite book|last=Hanson|first=Matt|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f48nl_3Up8gC&q=furst+%22the+worst+aspects+of+New+York%22&pg=PA37|title=Building Sci-fi Moviescapes: The Science Behind the Fiction|date=2005|publisher=Gulf Professional|isbn=978-0-240-80772-0|language=en}}

Following the death of Furst, Burton tapped Bo Welch to oversee production design for Batman Returns (1992). Burton wanted Welch to re-imagine Gotham, stating "Batman didn't feel big to me – it didn't have the power an old American city has".{{Cite web|url=https://www.ranker.com/list/what-city-inspired-gotham/eric-vega|title=The Many Inspirations For Every Onscreen Portrayal Of Gotham City|last=Luis|first=Eric|date=2019-10-30|website=Ranker|language=en|access-date=2020-03-27|archive-date=March 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327231402/https://www.ranker.com/list/what-city-inspired-gotham/eric-vega|url-status=live}} Welch wanted to expand on the same basic concept for the sequel but moved away from European influences to show more American Art Deco/World's Fair elements.{{cite magazine|last=McCarthy|first=Todd|url=https://www.variety.com/review/VE1117901465.html?categoryid=31&cs=1|title=Review: 'Batman Returns'|quote=Lensed seemingly entirely indoors or on covered sets, pic is a magnificently atmospheric elaboration on German expressionism. Its look has been freshly imagined by production designer Bo Welch, based on the Oscar-winning concepts of the late Anton Furst in the first installment. Welch's Gotham City looms ominously over all individuals, and every set-from Penguin's aquarium-like lair and Shreck's lavish offices to Bruce Wayne's vaguely 'Citizen Kane'-like mansion and simple back alleys-is brilliantly executed to maximum evocative effect|magazine=Variety|date=June 14, 1992|access-date=December 25, 2010|archive-date=April 27, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100427011546/http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117901465.html?categoryid=31&cs=1|url-status=live}} When asked what inspired his interpretation of Gotham, Welch stated "[H]ow can I create a visual expression of corruption and greed? That got me thinking about the fascistic architecture employed at world's fairs ... That feels corrupt because it's evocative of oppressive bureaucracies and dictatorships ... So I looked at a lot of [Third Reich] art and images from world's fairs". To physically make the city seem darker, he designed tall "oppressively overbuilt" cityscape that physically blocked out light.{{cite web |last=Daly |first=Steve |url=https://ew.com/article/1992/06/19/designing-set-batman-returns/ |title=Sets Appeal: Designing 'Batman Returns' |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |date=June 19, 1992 |access-date=December 25, 2010 |archive-date=October 10, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010170405/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,310819,00.html |url-status=live }}

When Joel Schumacher took over directing the Batman film series from Tim Burton, Barbara Ling handled the production design for both of Schumacher's films, Batman Forever (1995){{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/video/once-upon-a-time-in-hollywood-production-designer-barbara-ling-quentin-tarantino-production-value-news/|title=How 'Once Upon A Time In Hollywood' Production Designer Barbara Ling Brought Quentin Tarantino's Favorite Restaurants Back Into The '60s — Production Value Video Series|last=Grobar |first=Matt|website=Deadline Hollywood|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=November 7, 2019|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=January 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110021035/https://deadline.com/video/once-upon-a-time-in-hollywood-production-designer-barbara-ling-quentin-tarantino-production-value-news/}} and 1997's Batman & Robin.{{cite web |url=http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/b/batmanandrobin.html |title=Film locations for Batman & Robin |website=The Worldwide Guide to Movie Locations |access-date=December 25, 2010 |archive-date=November 29, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101129120053/http://www.movie-locations.com/movies/b/batmanandrobin.html |url-status=dead }}{{cite web |url=http://www.shoestring.org/mmi_revs/batman-robin.html |title=Barbara Ling's no-holds-barred production design makes Gotham look more surreal than ever |publisher=Shoestring Radio Theater |access-date=December 25, 2010 |archive-date=September 3, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100903065038/http://www.shoestring.org/mmi_revs/batman-robin.html |url-status=live }} Ling's vision of Gotham City was a luminous and outlandish evocation of modern Expressionism{{cn|date=March 2025}} and Constructivism.Batman & Robin DVD extras Its futuristic design, which Washington Post critic Desson Howe felt evoked the 1982 film Blade Runner,{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/batmanforever.htm|newspaper=The Washington Post|title='Batman Forever': Robin Debuts|last=Howe |first=Desson|url-status=live|language=en-US|access-date=March 7, 2022|archive-date=January 19, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090119040902/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/style/longterm/movies/videos/batmanforever.htm|quote=Departing from former Batman director Tim Burton's gothic approach to New York, Schumacher and production designer Barbara Ling compulsively layer the background with a futuristic city design that seems to aim for Blade Runner by way of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles}} were described by Ling in her book, Bigger, Bolder, Brighter: The Production Design of Batman & Robin as a cross between 1930s Manhattan and the "Neo-Tokyo" of Akira. Ling cited "neon-ridden" Tokyo and the Machine Age as her influences, describing her Gotham as "like a World's Fair on ecstasy".Barbara Ling, Bigger, Bolder, Brighter: The Production Design of Batman & Robin. 2005. Warner Home Video When Batman is pursuing Two-Face in Batman Forever, the chase ends at Lady Gotham, the fictional equivalent of the Statue of Liberty. During Mr. Freeze's attempt to freeze Gotham in the film Batman & Robin, the targeting screen for his giant laser locates it somewhere on the New England shoreline, possibly as far north as Maine. The soundtrack for Batman & Robin features a song named after the city and sung by R. Kelly, later included on international editions of his 1998 double album R.

{{main|The Dark Knight Trilogy}}

Director Christopher Nolan has stated that Chicago inspired his portrayal of Gotham, and the majority of both Batman Begins (2005) and The Dark Knight (2008) were filmed there. However, Nolan's Gotham City was deliberately set in New Jersey to honor Gotham's location in the comic books.{{cite web |url= https://www.distractify.com/p/the-batman-filming-locations |title= These Are the Cities Standing in for Gotham in 'The Batman' |website= Distractify |date= March 4, 2022 |access-date= March 6, 2022 |archive-date= March 6, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220306213912/https://www.distractify.com/p/the-batman-filming-locations |url-status= live }}

For Batman Begins, Nolan desired that Gotham appear as a large, modern city that nonetheless reflects a variety of architectural styles and periods, as well as different socioeconomic strata. The production's approach depicted Gotham as an exaggeration of New York City, with elements taken from Chicago, the elevated freeways and monorails of Tokyo,{{cite web | first=Jeff | last=Otto | url=http://movies.ign.com/articles/622/622719p1.html | title=Interview: Christopher Nolan | website=IGN | date=June 5, 2006 | access-date=November 6, 2006 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331134903/http://movies.ign.com/articles/622/622719p1.html | archive-date=March 31, 2012 | url-status=dead }} and the "walled city of Kalhoon"{{sic}} in Hong Kong, which was the basis for the slum in the film known as The Narrows.

In The Dark Knight, more Chicago and New York influences were observed. On filming in Chicago, James McAllister, key location manager stated, "visually it's that look like you would see in the comic books". Nolan also stated "there's all these different boroughs, with rivers to interconnect. I think it's hard to get away from that, because Gotham is based on New York."

For The Dark Knight Rises (2012), the production utilized Pittsburgh; Los Angeles; New York City; Newark, New Jersey; London; Glasgow; and Toronto for shots of Gotham City.

{{main|DC Extended Universe}}

Within the DC Extended Universe, Gotham City is located in Gotham County, New Jersey. In Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, paperwork mentions that the city is in "Gotham County", and Amanda Waller's files on Deadshot and Harley Quinn in Suicide Squad reveal Gotham City to be located in the state of New Jersey.{{cite news |date=August 5, 2016 |title=Review: 'Suicide Squad' |url=http://www.app.com/story/entertainment/movies/2016/08/05/review-suicide-squad-another-super-dc-mess/88286868/ |newspaper=Asbury Park Press}}{{cite web |date=August 7, 2016 |title="Suicide Squad": The Biggest Revelations From The Latest DC Film |url=http://www.comicbookresources.com/article/suicide-squad-the-biggest-revelations-from-the-latest-dc-film |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819131655/http://www.comicbookresources.com/article/suicide-squad-the-biggest-revelations-from-the-latest-dc-film |archive-date=August 19, 2016 |access-date=August 7, 2016 |publisher=CBR.com}} Zack Snyder confirmed that Metropolis and Gotham City are in close geographical proximity to each other.{{Cite magazine| url=https://www.wired.com/2015/07/dawn-of-justice-gotham-metropolis/| title=Zack Snyder Turned Gotham City and Metropolis into the Bay Area| magazine=Wired| date=July 11, 2015| access-date=March 7, 2017| archive-date=March 13, 2017| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170313080330/https://www.wired.com/2015/07/dawn-of-justice-gotham-metropolis/| url-status=live}} The Boston Globe compared the close proximity of Gotham City and Metropolis to Jersey City and Manhattan.{{cite web| url = https://www.bostonglobe.com/arts/movies/2016/03/23/chaotic-joyless-superhero-showdown/roD16b4FzoQm6oue4oA6LJ/story.html|title ='Batman v Superman' is dark and chaotic|last=Burr |first=Ty|newspaper=Boston Globe|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=March 24, 2016|access-date=March 7, 2022|archive-date=March 26, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160326004336/https://www.bostonglobe.com/arts/movies/2016/03/23/chaotic-joyless-superhero-showdown/roD16b4FzoQm6oue4oA6LJ/story.html}} A television ad for Turkish Airlines that premiered during the 2016 Super Bowl featured Bruce Wayne (Ben Affleck) promoting Gotham as a tourist destination.{{Cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/batman-v-superman-gotham-metropolis-863008|title='Batman v Superman': Gotham and Metropolis Detailed in New Promo|last=McMillan |first=Graeme|website=The Hollywood Reporter|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=February 8, 2016|access-date=March 7, 2022|archive-date=January 19, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220119143554/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/batman-v-superman-gotham-metropolis-863008/}}

To create Gotham in Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, the creative team "decided to recreate and combine large sections of existing selected city sections and adapt the architecture and layout to fit Gotham's. Thousands of photographs were put through MPC's photogrammetry pipeline to create geometry and textures for each city section."{{Cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/batman-v-superman-doomsday-gotham-city-concept-art/|title=Batman V Superman Concept Art: Early Doomsday & Gotham City Designs|date=2017-02-13|website=ScreenRant|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-27|archive-date=March 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327231406/https://screenrant.com/batman-v-superman-doomsday-gotham-city-concept-art/|url-status=live}}

In Birds of Prey, which takes place in Gotham, the entire shoot took place in Los Angeles. It was originally expected to be filmed in Atlanta and Savannah, Georgia, but the production received a tax credit from California, incentivizing the location change.{{Cite web | url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/harley-quinn-spinoff-film-birds-prey-california-tax-credit-recipients-1129269/|title=Harley Quinn Spinoff Film 'Birds of Prey' Among Latest California Tax Credit Recipients| website=The Hollywood Reporter|last=Kilday |first=Gregg|language=en-US|url-status=live|date=July 23, 2018|access-date=March 7, 2022|archive-date=March 4, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220304220057/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/harley-quinn-spinoff-film-birds-prey-california-tax-credit-recipients-1129269/}}

{{main|The Batman (film)}}

The 2022 Matt Reeves film The Batman delves into the criminal underbelly of Gotham City through noir-style storytelling and highlights themes of corruption rampant within the city's government and police department.{{cite web |url= https://www.cnet.com/news/the-batman-director-matt-reeves-wants-to-put-you-off-kilter/ |title= 'The Batman' Director Matt Reeves Wants to Put You Off-Kilter |publisher= CNET |date= March 6, 2022 |access-date= March 6, 2022 |archive-date= March 5, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220305202523/https://www.cnet.com/news/the-batman-director-matt-reeves-wants-to-put-you-off-kilter/ |url-status= live }} The film used London, Glasgow,{{Cite web |last=Oller |first=Jacob |date=February 21, 2020 |title='The Batman' Suits Up for the Graveyard Shift in Bat-Cycle Set Photos |url=https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/the-batman-batsuit-motorcycle-set-pictures |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200222041534/https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/the-batman-batsuit-motorcycle-set-pictures |archive-date=February 22, 2020 |access-date=February 21, 2020 |website=Syfy Wire}} Liverpool, and Chicago as filming locations for Gotham City,{{cite web|url=https://reelchicago.com/article/exclusive-photos-the-batman-filming-in-chicago-loop/|title=Exclusive Photos – The Batman filming in Chicago Loop|work=Reel Chicago|last=Roche |first=Matthew|date=October 20, 2020|access-date=January 24, 2022|archive-date=January 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118063441/https://reelchicago.com/article/exclusive-photos-the-batman-filming-in-chicago-loop/}}{{cite web|url=https://comicbook.com/dc/news/the-batman-set-chicago-motorcycle-photos-video/|title=The Batman Set Shows Dark, Gritty Gotham With Easter Eggs in Exclusive Set Video|work=ComicBook.com|last=Davis |first=Brandon|date=October 19, 2020|access-date=January 24, 2022|archive-date=November 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125143627/https://comicbook.com/dc/news/the-batman-set-chicago-motorcycle-photos-video/}} although it was modeled on New York City.{{cite web |url= https://variety.com/2022/film/reviews/the-batman-review-robert-pattinson-matt-reeves-1235188970 |title= 'The Batman' Review: A Tortured Robert Pattinson Goes Even Darker Than 'The Dark Knight' |work= Variety |date= February 28, 2022 |access-date= March 6, 2022 |archive-date= March 5, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220305211115/https://variety.com/2022/film/reviews/the-batman-review-robert-pattinson-matt-reeves-1235188970/ |url-status= live }} A towering skyscraper similar to the Empire State Building looms over Gotham City with an emblazoned sign that reads "Gotham Empire". A busy, commercial intersection called "Gotham Square" is seen in several shots and resembles Times Square with its bright signs and giant digital screens. The film's concluding sequence, while filmed at London's O2 Arena, is called "Gotham Square Garden", taking its naming convention from New York's Madison Square Garden.{{cite web|url=https://nypost.com/2022/03/03/the-batman-made-me-feel-miserable-about-living-in-nyc|title='The Batman' made me feel miserable about living in crime-ridden NYC|newspaper=New York Post|date=March 3, 2022|access-date=March 6, 2022|archive-date=March 5, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305162619/https://nypost.com/2022/03/03/the-batman-made-me-feel-miserable-about-living-in-nyc/|url-status=live}}

{{Main|Joker (2019 film)|Joker: Folie à Deux}}

Joker director and producer Todd Phillips imagined Gotham as a "version of Gotham was the pre-'80s boom New York, or urban northeastern center, but not the iconic New York". When asked how he re-imagined the city, production designer Mark Friedberg stated "our version of Gotham was what groomed him. It was both an appreciation for how severe things got in the city, but also for the world of possibility that lived in the version of that city."{{Cite web|url=https://www.backstage.com/magazine/article/joker-gotham-production-designer-interview-mark-friedberg-69053/|title=The Design of 'Joker' Just Might Make You Sympathize With the Villain|date=2019-09-25|website=Backstage|language=en|access-date=2020-03-27|archive-date=March 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327231403/https://www.backstage.com/magazine/article/joker-gotham-production-designer-interview-mark-friedberg-69053/|url-status=live}} The film shot on location and used landmarks in New York City; Jersey City, New Jersey; and Newark, New Jersey. In Joker: Folie à Deux, Gotham is explicitly stated to be in New York State.{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbr.com/joker-2-confirms-gotham-city-real-world-location/|title=Joker: Folie à Deux Confirms Gotham City's Real-World Location|first=Manuel|last=Demegillo|date=October 1, 2024|website=CBR}}{{Cite web|url=https://thesunbreak.com/2024/10/03/joker-folie-a-deux-review/|title=Joker: Folie à Deux sends in the (sad, sociopathic, murderous) clowns|first=Chris|last=Burlingame|date=October 3, 2024|website=The SunBreak}}

File:Gotham Knight Skyline.jpg

{{Main|DC Animated Universe}}

During the events of the direct-to-video film Batman & Mr. Freeze: SubZero (1998), a computer screen displaying Barbara Gordon's personal information refers to her location as "Gotham City, NY", and also displays her area code as being 212 – a Manhattan area code.

The 2008 direct-to-DVD film Batman: Gotham Knight shows Gotham as a large city with many skyscrapers and a bustling population.

Gotham City appears in several video games, including Batman Begins, DC Universe Online, Gotham Knights and Mortal Kombat vs. DC Universe. The city makes another appearance in a video game with Injustice: Gods Among Us, where the player can fight outside or inside Wayne Manor, on top of a building and in an alley. Other games that feature the city include Lego Dimensions and Rocksteady's Arkham franchise.

File:Gotham City Arkham.jpg

Gotham City appears as a location in the 2017 video game Fortnite Battle Royale as part of a crossover in commemoration of Batman's 80th anniversary.{{Cite web|url=https://www.epicgames.com/fortnite/en-US/news/batman-glides-to-fortnite-on-batman-day|title=Batman Glides to Fortnite on Batman Day|date=2019-09-21|publisher=Epic Games|language=en|access-date=2021-02-25|archive-date=February 26, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226124644/https://www.epicgames.com/fortnite/en-US/news/batman-glides-to-fortnite-on-batman-day|url-status=live}} It was the fourth incarnation of the game's iconic Tilted Towers area. Players are able to use the Batglider after falling from a great height, as long as they remain in the confines of Gotham City. The location was removed on October 13, 2019, during the game's "The End" live event, in which it was sucked into a Black Hole along with the rest of the Fortnite Chapter 1 Island.{{Cite web|last=Webster|first=Andrew|url=https://www.theverge.com/platform/amp/2019/10/13/20909812/fortnite-down-black-hole-chapter-2-the-end|title=Fortnite Has Been Down for Hours as Millions of Players Stare at Black Hole|date=October 13, 2019|website=The Verge|language=en|access-date=February 25, 2021|archive-date=March 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320185134/https://www.theverge.com/platform/amp/2019/10/13/20909812/fortnite-down-black-hole-chapter-2-the-end|url-status=live}} The assets used for Gotham City, devoid of any Batman branding, are featured in Fortnite Creative under the name "Dark Tilted".

{{main|Batman: Arkham}}

Batman: Arkham Asylum (2009) opens with Batman driving Joker from Gotham City to Arkham Asylum. Joker also threatens to detonate bombs across Gotham. In Batman: Arkham City (2011), the slums of Old Gotham City (the northern island) were converted into Arkham City. Inside the prison walls, this part of Gotham contains various landmarks throughout the story, like Penguin's Iceberg Lounge, the Ace Chemical Plant, the Sionis Steel Mill, the Old Gotham City Police Department building, and the Monarch Theatre with the Wayne murder scene in Crime Alley. Most of these locations have major events in the story. In Batman: Arkham Origins (2013), an earlier, younger version of the city can be seen than that of other games in the Batman: Arkham series. In addition to the northern island, this installment in the series lets players explore a new southern island, connected to the former by the Pioneer's Bridge. The setting of Batman: Arkham Knight (2015), Central Gotham City, is five times larger than Old Gotham. In the novelization for Batman: Arkham Knight, it is revealed that Crime Alley was later renamed Wayne Way months after the 'death' of Batman.

• Brady, Matthew and Williams, Dwight. Daily Planet Guide to Gotham City. Honesdale, Pennsylvania: West End Games under license from DC Comics, 2000.
• Brown, Eliot. "Gotham City Skyline". Secret Files & Origins Guide to the DC Universe 2000. New York: DC Comics, 2000.
• Grant, Alan. "The Last Arkham". Batman: Shadow of the Bat #1. New York: DC Comics, 1992.
• Loeb, Jeph. Batman: The Long Halloween. New York: DC Comics, 1997.
• Miller, Frank. Batman: Year One. New York: DC Comics, 1988.
• Morrison, Grant. Arkham Asylum. New York: DC Comics, 1990.
• O'Neil, Dennis. "Destroyer". Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight #27. New York: DC Comics, 1992.

{{reflist}}

{{Batman}}

{{Batman (TV series)}}

{{DC Comics populated places}}

Category:DC Comics islands

Category:DC Comics populated places

Category:Fictional elements introduced in 1940

Category:Fictional populated places in New Jersey