Grahame-White Type X
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2017}}
| {{Infobox aircraft begin
|name=Type X Charabanc |image= The Aeroplane (1914 book) p252.jpg |caption= }}{{Infobox aircraft type |type=Five-seat passenger-carrying biplane |manufacturer=Grahame-White Aviation Company |designer=J. D. North |first flight=1913 |introduced= |retired= |status= |primary user= |more users= |produced= |number built=1 |variants with their own articles= }} |
The Grahame-White Type X Charabanc or Aerobus was a 1910s British passenger-carrying biplane designed and built by the Grahame-White Aviation Company based at Hendon Aerodrome, North London.
Development
The Charabanc was built by the Grahame-White company to meet the demand for passenger-carrying flights, which could not be satisfied by the existing two-seat designs. Designed by J. D. North, it was an unequal-span pusher biplane, with ailerons on both upper and lower wings, and a biplane tail unit with three rudders mounted on booms. An elongated nacelle mounted on the lower wing housed the pilot in the front, plus four passengers in two rows of two seats behind. The wing spars, tail booms and outer interplane struts were of hollow section spruce, and the nacelle and inner struts were of ash.
It first flew in 1913, powered by a 120 hp (89 kW) Austro-Daimler engine, and in this form was flown by Louis Noel with seven passengers aboard to set a British world record on 22 September 1913. On 2 October 1913, he set a world record in carrying nine passengers, staying aloft for nearly twenty minutes.Lewis, Peter M. H. British Aircraft 1809-1914 London: Putnam, 1962 pp 284-285 To meet the entry requirements for the 1913 Michelin Cup, which required an all-British aircraft, this was replaced by a British-built 100 hp (75 kW) Green E.6 engine. The Charabanc went on to win the cup, covering a distance of over 300 miles on 9 November 1913, piloted by R.H. Carr.Flight: [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1913/1913%20-%201238.html Reginald H. Carr], 22 November 1913, p.1064.
The first parachute descent from an aircraft in Great Britain was made by W. Newell from the aircraft, at Hendon on 9 May 1914.Flight: [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1914/1914%20-%200508.html Flying at Hendon], 15 May 1913 p.508,
Specifications
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 1998
|prime units? = imp
|crew=1
|capacity=4 passengers
|length m=11.43
|length ft=37
|length in=6
|span m=19.05
|span ft=62
|span in=6
|wing area sqm=73.39
|wing area sqft=790
|empty weight kg=907
|empty weight lb=2000
|gross weight kg=1406
|gross weight lb=3100
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 name=Green E.6 6-cylinder inline piston
|eng1 kw=75
|eng1 hp=100
|max speed kmh=82
|max speed mph=51
|cruise speed kmh=72
|cruise speed mph=45
}}
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|related=
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Notes
{{reflist}}
References
- Lewis, Peter M. H. British Aircraft 1809-1914 London: Putnam, 1962 p. 284-285
- The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 1998
External links
- [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1913/1913%20-%201086.html The Grahame White Aero-Char-a-Bancs]Flight magazine 11 October 1913 p. 1113.
{{Grahame-White aircraft}}
Category:Grahame-White aircraft