Grands Express Aériens
{{Short description|French airline}}
{{Infobox airline
| airline = Compagnie des Grands Express Aériens
| image = Compagnie des Grands Express Aeriens.jpg
| image_size = 182
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| IATA = N/A
| ICAO = N/A
| callsign = N/A
| founded = 20 March 1919
| commenced =
| ceased = 1 April 1923
| aoc =
| bases = Le Bourget Airport, Paris, France
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The Compagnie des Grands Express Aériens was a pioneering French airline established 20 March 1919 and operating until merged with Compagnie des Messageries Aériennes to form Air Union on 1 January 1923.
Headquartered at 3, Rue d'Anjou, Paris, CGEA operated passenger flights from Le Bourget Paris to London's Croydon Aerodrome and also to Lausanne, eventually adding Geneva service in late October 1921.[http://www.airfrancemusee.org/en/histoire.php?FechaInit=1909 Air France Museum][http://www.pionnair-ge.com/spip1/spip.php?article184 Pionnair GE (in French)] They flew Farman F.60 Goliath aircraft, a design converted from an earlier bomber into a luxury cabin aircraft. They also purchased a ten-passenger Vickers Vimy Commercial,[http://www.imperial-airways.com/Vickers_66_vimy_commercial.html Vickers 66 Vimy] also a converted bomber design.
Accidents and incidents
- On 8 October 1921, A Farman F.60 Goliath made an emergency landing at Saint-Inglevert, Pas-de-Calais due to problems with a propeller shortly after the aircraft had crossed the French coast. The aircraft was operating an international scheduled passenger flight from Le Bourget Airport, Paris to Croydon Airport, Surrey, United Kingdom. Another aircraft was despatched from Paris to take the six passengers on to Croydon.{{cite magazine |title=Goods of German Origin |magazine=Flight |issue=13 October 1921 |page=675 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1921/1921%20-%200675.html}}
- On 30 November 1921, Farman F.60 Goliath F-GEAD was damaged in a forced landing at Smeeth, Kent, United Kingdom. The aircraft was repaired and returned to service.{{cite web|url=http://www.ab-ix.co.uk/f-aaaa.pdf |title=FRENCH PRE-WAR REGISTER Version 120211 |publisher=Air Britain |access-date=8 March 2011}}
- On 11 February 1922, Goliath F-GEAI was written off in a forced landing at Farnborough, Kent.{{cite magazine|title=Forced Landing and Damage of a "Goliath" |magazine=Flight |issue=16 March 1922 |page=162 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1922/1922%20-%200162.html}}
- On 7 April 1922, Goliath F-GEAD, flying from Le Bourget to London Croydon was lost in the first-ever midair collision of airliners. In early afternoon, under drizzle and fog conditions, the F.60 collided head-on with a Daimler Airway de Havilland DH.18A making the reverse run 150 metres above the same railway line. All seven people aboard the two aircraft were killed, including three passengers on the Goliath.
{{main|First midair collision of airliners}}
Innovation
CGEA's chief pilot René Labouchère together with Raoul Badin defined the first IFR control panel in 1922, which they called the "Contrôleur de vol Badin" (en: Badin flight controller). The following year it was made mandatory equipment on all transport flights.{{Cite web |url=http://www.aviation-fr.info/dom/RaoulBadin.pdf |title=Raoul Badin (in French) |access-date=2007-12-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071028162021/http://www.aviation-fr.info/dom/RaoulBadin.pdf |archive-date=2007-10-28 |url-status=dead }}
References
{{reflist}}
Further reading
- [http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/cgea.htm Timetable images]
{{Airlines of France}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Grands Express Aeriens}}
Category:Airlines established in 1919
Category:Defunct airlines of France
Category:Airlines disestablished in 1923