Graphium (fungus)

{{Short description|Genus of fungi}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image =

| image_caption =

| taxon = Graphium (fungus)

| authority = Corda (1837)

| type_species = Graphium penicillioides

| type_species_authority = Corda (1837)

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| synonyms_ref =

| synonyms = *Ceratopodium {{au|Corda (1837)}}

}}

Graphium is a genus of fungi in the family Microascaceae.{{cite journal |author=Schoch CL |year=2009 |title=The Ascomycota tree of life: A phylum-wide phylogeny clarifies the origin and evolution of fundamental reproductive and ecological traits |journal=Systematic Biology |pmid=20525580 |volume=58 |issue=2 |pages=224–239 |doi=10.1093/sysbio/syp020|author2= Sung G-H |author3= López-Giráldez F |display-authors=etal |doi-access=free }} Historically, Graphium was used for hyphomycetes with erect, black synnemata (i.e. bundles of spore-producing conidiophores) bearing a single, terminal, ball of one-celled, hyaline conidia produced from annellides. More than 100 species were described following that general concept before the diversity of sexual states and DNA phylogenies led to reclassification of most species. The approximately 20 species remaining in the modern genus are assumed to be minor plant pathogens on trees. Most species reported in soil, plant debris, woody substrates, manure, and polluted water are now classified in other genera such as Parascedosporium or Ophiostoma.{{cite journal |author=De Beer ZW |year=2013 |title= A nomenclator for ophiostomatoid genera and species in the Ophiostomatales and Microascales |journal=CBS Biodiversity Series |volume=12 |pages=242–322 |author2= Seifert KA |author3= Wingfield MJ |display-authors=etal }}

Species (most now classified in other genera):

• Graphium adansoniae {{small|Cruyw., Z.W.de Beer & Jol.Roux}}
• Graphium adustum {{small|Grosmann}}
• Graphium ailanthi {{small|(Ranoj. & Bubák) Sacc.}}
• Graphium albiziae {{small|(Pat.) Pat.}}
• Graphium albonigrescens {{small|Lindau}}
• Graphium album {{small|(Corda) Sacc.}}
• Graphium altissimum {{small|Strasser}}
• Graphium ambrosiigerum {{small|Hedgc.}}
• Graphium angamosense {{small|Matsush.}}
• Graphium aphthosae {{small|Alstrup & D.Hawksw.}}
• Graphium atrovirens {{small|Hedgc.}}
• Graphium basitruncatum {{small|(Matsush.) Seifert & G.Okada}}
• Graphium bolivarii {{small|Riofrio}}
• Graphium bulbicola {{small|Henn.}}
• Graphium caliciiforme {{small|Maire}}
• Graphium carbonarium {{small|Paciura, Z.W.de Beer, X.D.Zhou & M.J.Wingf.}}
• Graphium cicadicola {{small|Speg.}}
• Graphium clavula {{small|(Berk. & Broome) Sacc.}}
• Graphium coffeae {{small|Zimm.}}
• Graphium comatrichoides {{small| Massee & E.S.Salmon}}
• Graphium coralloides {{small|(Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Höhn.}}
• Graphium cylindricum {{small|Petch}}
• Graphium dubautiae {{small|F.Stevens & Weedon}}
• Graphium dulcamarae {{small|(Sacc.) Lindau}}
• Graphium euwallaceae {{small|Twizeyim., S.C.Lynch & Eskalen}}
• Graphium fabiforme {{small|Cruyw. & Z.W.de Beer}}
• Graphium filfilense {{small|Sacc.}}
• Graphium fissum {{small|Preuss}}
• Graphium flexuosum {{small|(Massee) Sacc.}}
• Graphium fructicola {{small|Marchal & É.J.Marchal}}
• Graphium geranii {{small|Voglino}}
• Graphium guttuliferum {{small|Pidopl.}}
• Graphium hamamelidis {{small|J.M.Hook}}
• Graphium hendersonulae {{small|Chevaug.}}
• Graphium indicum {{small|Chouhan & Panwar}}
• Graphium irradians {{small|Petr.}}
• Graphium jumulu {{small|P.A.Barber & Crous}}
• Graphium klebahnii {{small|Oudem.}}
• Graphium kuroshium {{small|F.Na, J.D.Carrillo & Eskalen}}
• Graphium laricis {{small|K.Jacobs, Kirisits & M.J.Wingf.}}
• Graphium ligulariae {{small|Săvul. & Sandu}}
• Graphium madagascariense {{small|Cruyw. & Z.W.de Beer}}
• Graphium malorum {{small|Kidd & Beaumont}}
• Graphium melanotes {{small|(Syd. & P.Syd.) Sacc.}}
• Graphium minutellum {{small|Pidopl.}}
• Graphium pallescens {{small|(Fuckel) Magnus}}
• Graphium paspali {{small|Cif. & Vegni}}
• Graphium penicillioides {{small|Corda}}
• Graphium perpusillum {{small|Sacc. & Traverso}}
• Graphium pseudormiticum {{small|M.Mouton & M.J.Wingf.}}
• Graphium pycnocephalum {{small|Grosmann}}
• Graphium pyrinum {{small|Goid.}}
• Graphium rigidum {{small|(Pers.) Sacc.}}
• Graphium rubrum {{small|Rumbold}}
• Graphium samogiticum {{small|Motiej. & Alstrup}}
• Graphium scolytodis {{small|M.Kolařík & J.Hulcr}}
• Graphium silanum {{small|Goid.}}
• Graphium simplex {{small|K.Jacobs & M.J.Wingf.}}
• Graphium sordidiceps {{small|Fairm.}}
• Graphium terricola {{small|Manohar., P.Rag.Rao, Rehana & P.Rama Rao}}
• Graphium trifolii {{small|Jaap}}
• Graphium variabile {{small|J.J.Xu & T.Y.Zhang}}
• Graphium volkartianum {{small|Magnus}}
• Graphium wuweiense {{small|J.H.Kong & T.Y.Zhang}}
• Graphium xanthocephalum {{small|(Ditmar) Sacc.}}