Graphium glycerion

{{Short description|Species of butterfly}}

{{Speciesbox

| image = PazalaGlycerion 479 1.jpg

| status =

| genus = Graphium (butterfly)

| species = glycerion

| authority = (Gray, 1831){{cite web |last=Savela |first=Markku |url=http://www.nic.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/papilionidae/papilioninae/graphium/#glycerion |title=Graphium glycerion (Gray, 1831) |website=Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms |accessdate=January 19, 2019}}

| synonyms =

  • Papilio glycerion Gray, 1831{{cite book|last1=Gray|first1=George Robert|editor1-last=Gray|editor1-first=John Edward|editor-link=John Edward Gray |title=The Zoological Miscellany|date=1831|publisher=Treuttei, Wurtz and Co|location=London|page=32|chapter-url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49831386|chapter=Descriptions of eight new species of Indian Butterflies, (Papilio, Lin.) from the collection of General Hardwicke}}
  • Pazala glycerion {{small|Moore, 1888}}{{cite book |last1=Hewitson |first1=William C. |authorlink1=William Chapman Hewitson |last2=Moore |first2=Frederic |authorlink2=Frederic Moore |name-list-style=amp |date=1879 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/descriptionsofne00hewi/page/282 |chapter=Pazala, n. g. |title=Descriptions of New Indian Lepidopterous Insects: From the Collection of the Late Mr. W.S. Atkinson, M.A., F.L.S., &c. |publisher=The Asiatic Society of Bengal |pages=283 |oclc=9625544 |via=Internet Archive}}
  • Papilio glycerion caschmirensis Rothschild, 1895
  • Pazala glycerion phangana Okano, 1986

}}

Graphium glycerion, the spectacle swordtail, is a species of butterfly found in the Indomalayan realm (northern India, China, Thailand, Laos and northern Vietnam). The species was first described by George Robert Gray in 1831.

Subspecies

  • G. g glycerion (Nepal, Sikkim, Assam)
  • G. g. caschmirensis (Rothschild, 1895) (north-western India)
  • G. g. kimurai Murayama, 1982 (northern Thailand)
  • G. g. phangana (Okano, 1986) (northern Thailand)

Taxonomy

It may be a synonym of Graphium mandarinus Collins & Morris.{{cite book |last1=Collins |first1=N. Mark |last2=Morris |first2=Michael G. |title=Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/98674#page/7/mode/1up |year=1985 |publisher=IUCN |location=Gland & Cambridge |isbn=978-2-88032-603-6 |via=Biodiversity Heritage Library}} It is however treated as a "good species" by Koiwaya.Koiwaya, S. (1993) Descriptions of Three New Genera, Eleven New Species and Seven New Subspecies of Butterflies from China. Studies of Chinese Butterflies. A further problem is that the name glycerion is permanently invalid as a junior primary homonym of Papilio glycerion Borkhausen, 1788.

Graphium glycerion is very little known and as with Graphium mandarinus, G. tamerlanus, G. phidias and G. olbrechtsi few specimens exist.

References

{{Reflist}}