Gregory-Lincoln Education Center

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The first campus for the Lincoln Junior-Senior School was built in 1966."[http://www.houstonisd.org/HISDConnectDS/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=0afe09c28afc3110VgnVCM10000028147fa6RCRD&vgnextchannel=2e2b2f796138c010VgnVCM10000052147fa6RCRD School Histories] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710153727/http://www.houstonisd.org/HISDConnectDS/v/index.jsp?vgnextoid=0afe09c28afc3110VgnVCM10000028147fa6RCRD&vgnextchannel=2e2b2f796138c010VgnVCM10000052147fa6RCRD |date=July 10, 2011 }}." Houston Independent School District. Retrieved on April 1, 2010. The original campus was a three-story brick building.Martin, Betty L. "[http://www.chron.com/neighborhood/heights-news/article/Gregory-Lincoln-replacement-facility-opens-1992748.php Gregory-Lincoln replacement facility opens]." Houston Chronicle. Wednesday January 2, 2008. Retrieved on October 20, 2011. It served as a neighborhood secondary school for a section of Montrose. The school opened just as schools were no longer legally segregated by race in the U.S. as the result of the Civil Rights Movement. Thorne Dreyer and Al Reinert of Texas Monthly wrote that HISD officials at the time called it "the most successfully integrated school in the city."Dreyer, Thorne and Al Reinert. "Montrose Lives!" Texas Monthly. April 1973. ISSN 0148-7736. Start: [https://books.google.com/books?id=BCoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA57 Page 56]. Cited: [https://books.google.com/books?id=BCoEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA60 Page 60]. Retrieved from Google Books on April 2, 2010. However some white families assigned to Lincoln avoided the school by way of private school, moving to another school zone, or renting an apartment in another school zone. A parent-teacher organization was formed despite the disadvantaged backgrounds of some families. Beginning in 1969, a desegregation program, initially funded by parishioners of the First Presbyterian Church and operated by the Emergency School Assistance Programs, a federal government initiative to support schools that racially integrated, began. The church funding paid for the first year.{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/01/24/archives/1million-experiment-at-school-in-houston-with-communication-the-key.html|title=$ 1-Million Experiment at School in Houston, With Communication the Key, Aims at Making Integration Work|work=The New York Times|date=1971-01-24|access-date=2019-08-29}}

It was initially both a junior and senior high school,{{cite book|title=Public housing needs and conditions in Houston: hearings before the Subcommittee on Housing and Community Development of the Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs, House of Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, Part 1|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|year=1986|url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/011335798|page=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?q1=%22The%20resident%20children%20of%20APV%20attend%20the%20Gregory%20Elementary%20School%22;id=uva.x001637291;view=1up;seq=290;start=1;sz=10;page=search;num=274 274]|quote=The resident children of APV attend the Gregory Elementary School or the Lincoln Junior-Senior High School. The Gregory School accommodates from kindergarten through the eighth grade. Approximately 512 students within this school[...]}} - The page is from p. 212 a United States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) report embedded in the record. and also became the campus of Houston Community High School, an HISD magnet school.{{citation needed|date=December 2016}} At a later point it was solely Lincoln Junior High School. In 1980 the district closed the Gregory School (now used as the African American Library at the Gregory School) and consolidated its students, including elementary ones, into Lincoln.{{cite book|title=Public housing needs and conditions in Houston: hearings before the Subcommittee on Housing and Community Development of the Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs, House of Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, Part 1|url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/011335798|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|year=1986|page=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uva.x001637291&view=1up&seq=529 511]|quote=The Houston Independent School District (HISD) operated two schools in the Fourth Ward in the 1979-1980 school year: Gregory Elementary and Lincoln Junior High School. HISD closed Gregory Elementary School at the end of the 1979-80[...]}} - - From page III-2 of a report - Also seen in [https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&q=%22Gregory+Elementary%22+Houston+merge+with+Lincoln search result] A document quoted in a U.S. Congressional report stated that area residents perceived the move as trying to destabilize the Fourth Ward and "The closing of Gregory and the shifting of its students to Lincoln was met with intense opposition from Fourth Ward residents."{{cite book|title=Public housing needs and conditions in Houston: hearings before the Subcommittee on Housing and Community Development of the Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs, House of Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, Part 1|url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/011335798|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|year=1986|page=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uva.x001637291&view=1up&seq=530 512]}} - From page III-3 of a report

In 2000, the district announced that the Gregory-Lincoln would receive a new campus that would be on the site of the old campus. Initially HISD planned to locate the a new campus for the High School for the Performing and Visual Arts (HSPVA) on the same site. In 2002 the Texas Historical Commission (THC) told HISD that there were properties eligible to the placed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in the area which HISD wished to demolish houses for the new Gregory-Lincoln campus: Genesee Street to the north, Taft Street to the West, West Gray Street to the south, and Andrews street to the east. HISD began demolishing houses anyway.{{cite news|author=Plocek, Keith|url=http://www.houstonpress.com/news/on-shaky-grounds-6551044|title=On Shaky Grounds|newspaper=Houston Press|date=2004-12-30|access-date=2016-12-19}} The development attracted controversy since it used eminent domain to seize property owned by existing residents, even though some residents expressed a reluctance to have their property seized. Betty L. Martin of the Houston Chronicle said that some of the properties were "reputed to be of historical significance."

A homeowner named Anthony Pizzitola, who was resident in the Braeswood area, unsuccessfully sued HISD to stop the demolition of his house and asked historian Janet Wagner to determine the probability of historic artifacts at Gregory-Lincoln because there were rumors that there was a grave site from the American Reconstruction era. These rumors of prevented any development for several years.{{cite news|author=Plocek, Keith|url=http://www.houstonpress.com/news/on-shaky-grounds-6551044|title=On Shaky Grounds|newspaper=Houston Press|date=2004-12-30|access-date=2016-12-19}} In 2006 Houston ISD did not find any new grave sites and started development of Gregory-Lincoln.http://www.houstonisd.org/HISD/portal/article/front/0,2731,20856_142973398_154221786,00.html{{Dead link|date=April 2010}} The new Gregory-Lincoln campus was scheduled to be completed by 2008.

The current $13.5 million, {{convert|114000|sqft|sqm|adj=on}} school building was financed by the $808.6 million 2002 Rebuild HISD bond. On Monday, December 31, 2007, the two story current Gregory Lincoln building opened. As of January 2008 it has about 500 students. The demolition of the original campus was scheduled to begin in January 2008. The district planned to grade the land and place an athletic field for middle school students and a playground for elementary school students. The new school building includes digital ceiling-mounted projectors in the classrooms.

As a result of the May 2009 closing of J. Will Jones Elementary School,"[http://www.houstonisd.org/Page/32480 Elementary Schools (A-J)]." Houston Independent School District. Retrieved on April 24, 2018. Gregory-Lincoln's elementary boundary had an increase in territory in Midtown."[https://web.archive.org/web/20120225101132/http://dept.houstonisd.org/ab/schoolboundarymaps/GregoryLincolnES.pdf GREGORY LINCOLN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL ATTENDANCE BOUNDARY]." Houston Independent School District. Retrieved on December 19, 2016."[https://web.archive.org/web/20070930181507/http://dept.houstonisd.org/ab/SchoolBoundaryMaps/jwjonesES.pdf J. Will Jones Elementary Attendance Zone]." Houston Independent School District. Retrieved on August 19, 2009.

As the result of the 2011 closing of E.O. Smith Education Center, Gregory-Lincoln's middle school boundary had an increase in territory in Downtown Houston."[http://dept.houstonisd.org/ab/schoolboundarymaps/EOSmithMS.pdf E.O. Smith Middle Attendance Zone] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227005743/http://dept.houstonisd.org/ab/schoolboundarymaps/EOSmithMS.pdf |date=February 27, 2009 }}." Houston Independent School District. Retrieved on January 21, 2009."[http://dept.houstonisd.org/ab/SchoolBoundaryMaps/GregoryLincolnMS.pdf Gregory-Lincoln Middle School Attendance Zone] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227005410/http://dept.houstonisd.org/ab/schoolboundarymaps/GregoryLincolnMS.pdf |date=2009-02-27 }}." Houston Independent School District. As part of rezoning for the 2014–2015 school year, all portions of Midtown previously zoned to Blackshear Elementary School and all portions of Downtown previously zoned to Blackshear as well as many portions previously zoned to Bruce Elementary School were rezoned to Gregory-Lincoln for elementary school."[http://www.houstonisd.org/site/handlers/filedownload.ashx?moduleinstanceid=51135&dataid=101587&FileName=031314OA_POST.pdf AGENDA Board of Education Meeting March 13, 2014]." Houston Independent School District. Retrieved on March 15, 2014. "Current Attendance Boundaries" New 03/06/04 Attachment F-2 March 2014 p. 31/119. and "Proposed Attendance Boundaries" New 03/06/04 Attachment F-2 March 2014 p. 32/119.

From 2009 to 2019 each Gregory-Lincoln principal had a term of two years or fewer. Jacob Carpenter of the Houston Chronicle used the school as an example of a low income urban school plagued by constant staff turnover, as in addition four tenths of the teachers from each school year are not present in the following one.{{cite web|author=Carpenter, Jacob|url=https://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/education/article/Revolving-door-Teachers-principals-churn-14277348.php|title=Revolving door: Teachers, principals churn through HISD's lowest-performing schools|work=Houston Chronicle|date=2019-08-05|access-date=2019-08-06}}

In 1972, there were 1,336 students attending Lincoln Junior-Senior High. Black students made up 63%, Mexican-origin students made up 20%, and 17% were Anglo White.

As of the 1982–1983 school year the school had 836 elementary students, with 382 (45.7%) being black, 181 (33.8%) being Asian, 164 (19.6%) being Hispanic, and eight (0.9%) being white.

In the school's history it received enrollment decreases, particularly when the population decreased, from 906 students in the 2000-2001 period,{{cite web |url=http://www.kpft.org/news/112202story1.html |title=HISD's role in urban renewal. Story by Renee Feltz |access-date=2006-06-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20030218064739/http://www.kpft.org/news/112202story1.html |archive-date=2003-02-18 }} to about 700 students in the 2004-2005 period. Gentrification of the areas within the elementary and middle school attendance boundaries has caused enrollment to drop.

{{As of|2008}} it had 546 students.{{cite news|author=Friedberg, Jennifer|url=http://www.chron.com/neighborhood/heights-news/amp/Neartown-group-throws-its-support-for-Wharton-1782637.php|title=Neartown group throws its support for Wharton school|newspaper=Houston Chronicle|date=2008-06-25|access-date=2017-03-10}}

Gregory-Lincoln requires school uniforms.{{cite web |url=http://ms.houstonisd.org/GregoryLincoln/Default_files/Page2393.htm |title=2007-08 Dress Code |access-date=2007-07-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070807131137/http://ms.houstonisd.org/GregoryLincoln/Default_files/Page2393.htm |archive-date=2007-08-07 }}{{cite web |url=http://www.houstonisd.org/2301/images/_2005_06_Uniforms.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2008-09-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930231735/http://www.houstonisd.org/2301/images/_2005_06_Uniforms.pdf |archive-date=2007-09-30 }} (PDF file)

All students must wear red, grey, or black polo shirts. Students must wear khaki trousers, shorts, or skirts.

The Texas Education Agency specified that the parents and/or guardians of students zoned to a school with uniforms may apply for a waiver to opt out of the uniform policy so their children do not have to wear the uniform;{{cite web|url=http://www.tea.state.tx.us/field/uniforms.html |title=School Uniforms |access-date=2006-08-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060908183929/http://www.tea.state.tx.us/field/uniforms.html |archive-date=2006-09-08 }} parents must specify "bona fide" reasons, such as religious reasons or philosophical objections.

The elementary attendance boundary includes the Fourth Ward, almost all of Midtown (all of the super neighborhood and the portion of the management district north of U.S. Highway 59),There are separate boundaries for the Midtown Super Neighborhood and the Midtown Management District. See City of Houston maps: [https://www.houstontx.gov/planning/Demographics/docs_pdfs/SN/62_Midtown.pdf Midtown Super Neighborhood] and [https://www.houstontx.gov:443/planning/Neighborhood/docs_pdfs/mgmt-maps.pdf Management district map]. Retrieved on June 4, 2019. - Also see: [https://web.archive.org/web/20081203060535/http://www.houstonmidtown.com/cmsFiles/Files/Midtown_DevMap_1206.pdf 2006 Midtown Management District Land Use Map] and "[https://www.midtownhouston.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/MMD-Service-Plan-2015-2024-Final-4.pdf SERVICE AND IMPROVEMENT PLAN AND ASSESSMENT PLAN FOR FISCAL YEARS 2015-2024]." Midtown Houston Management District. Retrieved on April 4, 2009. Map on page 25/25 of the PDF. and most of Downtown.{{cite web|url=https://www.houstonisd.org/cms/lib2/TX01001591/Centricity/Domain/32468/boundarymaps/Gregory_Lincoln_K_8.pdf|title=Gregory-Lincoln School Attendance Zones|publisher=Houston Independent School District|accessdate=2022-08-27}} Small sections of the Neartown area, including parts of Avondale and East Montrose, are zoned to Gregory-Lincoln Elementary."[https://www.neartown.org/our-boundaries Our Boundaries]." Neartown Association. Retrieved on March 23, 2019. [https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5ad0d15c4eddec75eef10467/t/5bb932f5e2c4833b728057d5/1538863863555/Houston-Super-Neighborhood-Neartown-Association.pdf PDF version with detail] - Individual subdivisions are noted

The middle school attendance boundary includes: the Fourth Ward, most of Downtown, most of Midtown, and portions of Neartown Houston east of Montrose Boulevard (including Avondale, Courtlandt Place,{{cite magazine|author=Davis, Jeanne Lyons|url=https://www.houstoniamag.com/articles/2016/10/24/courtland-place-gated-community-montrose|title=Courtland Place: Going Behind the Gates|magazine=Houstonia|date=2016-10-24|access-date=2018-12-31}} See map in article. East Montrose, First Montrose Commons, Roseland Estates, and Westmoreland,"[http://www.houstontx.gov/planning/historic_pres/maps_of_districts/Westmoreland.pdf Westmoreland Historic District] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100530085903/http://www.houstontx.gov/planning/historic_pres/maps_of_districts/Westmoreland.pdf |date=2010-05-30 }}." City of Houston. Retrieved on May 26, 2010. and parts of Hyde Park,"[http://hydeparkhouston.org/?page_id=5 Hyde Park Civic Association Boundaries]." Hyde Park Civic Association. Retrieved on December 19, 2016. and North Montrose).

Four Seasons Hotel Houston residences,{{cite web|url=https://www.fourseasons.com/residences/private_residences/houston/|title=Private Residences Houston|publisher=Four Seasons Hotels|accessdate=2022-10-14}} - This source establishes that the Four Seasons has permanent residences. [https://www.fourseasons.com/houston/ Address is established here]: "1300 Lamar Street, Houston, Texas 77010-3017, USA" - Compare the address to the school district boundary maps. Houston House Apartments,{{cite web|url=https://www.houstonhouseapts.com/|title=Home|publisher=Houston House Apartments|accessdate=2022-10-14|quote=1617 Fannin Houston, TX 77002}} One Park Place,{{cite web|url=https://www.oneparkplacehouston.com/|title=Home|publisher=One Park Place|accessdate=2022-10-14|quote=1400 McKinney Street HOUSTON, TX 77010}} and Sheridan Apartments are zoned to Gregory-Lincoln for grades K-8.{{cite web|url=https://www.ggpropertiestx.com/houston.html|title=Sheridan Apartments|publisher=GG Properties|accessdate=2022-10-14|quote=2603 Milam St. Houston, TX}} - Compare this address to the school boundary maps. Isabella Court,{{cite web|last=Gilthorpe|first=Darla Guillen |url=https://www.chron.com:443/z-archived-homes/slideshow/amazing-photos-of-historic-buildings-201936.php|title=Houston's eclectic Isabella Court nominated for protected landmark status|newspaper=Houston Chronicle|date=2020-04-30|accessdate=2022-10-14|quote=3913 Main Street}} and The Rice are zoned to Gregory-Lincoln for grades 6-8.{{cite web|url=https://www.livetherice.com/residents/|title=Residents|publisher=The Rice|accessdate=2022-10-15|quote=909 Texas Avenue Houston, TX 77002}}

All of the areas zoned to Gregory-Lincoln for elementary school continue on to Gregory-Lincoln Middle School.

Elementary schools that feed into Gregory-Lincoln for middle school include:

• Gregory-Lincoln's elementary school program
• Wharton"[http://www.houstonisd.org/cms/lib2/TX01001591/Centricity/domain/32468/boundarymaps/Wharton_K8.pdf Wharton K-8 School Attendance Zone]." Houston Independent School District.
• Ella J. Baker (former Woodrow Wilson) (partial)"[http://www.houstonisd.org/cms/lib2/TX01001591/Centricity/domain/32468/boundarymaps/Wilson_K8.pdf Wilson K-8 School Attendance Zone] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510150352/http://www.houstonisd.org/cms/lib2/TX01001591/Centricity/domain/32468/boundarymaps/Wilson_K8.pdf |date=2017-05-10 }}." Houston Independent School District.
• Crockett (partial)"[http://www.houstonisd.org/cms/lib2/TX01001591/Centricity/domain/32468/boundarymaps/Crockett_ES.pdf Crockett Elementary School Attendance Zone]." Houston Independent School District.
• MacGregor (partial)"[http://www.houstonisd.org/cms/lib2/TX01001591/Centricity/domain/32468/boundarymaps/MacGregor_ES.pdf MacGregor Elementary School Attendance Zone]." Houston Independent School District.

Students within the elementary school attendance zone and students within the middle school attendance zone are zoned to either Northside High School (formerly Davis High School) for the Downtown portion,"[http://www.houstonisd.org/cms/lib2/TX01001591/Centricity/domain/32468/boundarymaps/Northside_HS.pdf Northside High School Attendance Boundary]," Houston Independent School District. Retrieved on March 9, 2017. Lamar High School for the Neartown/Montrose portion and most of Midtown,"[http://www.houstonisd.org/cms/lib2/TX01001591/Centricity/domain/32468/boundarymaps/Lamar_HS.pdf Lamar High School Attendance Boundary] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150513135353/http://www.houstonisd.org/cms/lib2/TX01001591/Centricity/domain/32468/boundarymaps/Lamar_HS.pdf |date=2015-05-13 }}," Houston Independent School District. Retrieved on December 19, 2016. or Heights High School (formerly Reagan High School) for the Fourth Ward and small portions of Midtown.

{{reflist|30em}}

• Feit, Rachel and Jones, Bradford M. (editors) (2007). 'A Lotta People Have Histories Here...': History and Archaeology in Houston's Vanishing Freedmen's Town: Results of Field Investigation at the Gregory Lincoln/HSPVA 4th Ward Property. Permit #3837, Archaeology Report No. 184, Austin, Texas, September 2007. Submitted in 2007 to the Texas Historical Commission and the Houston Independent School District. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/231854174 See profile at] WorldCat, [https://books.google.com/books?id=omQXOgAACAAJ See profile at] Google Books - Jodi Skipper of the University of Mississippi did the project's history and framework

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• {{official website|http://www.houstonisd.org/glec}}
• {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://ms.houstonisd.org/GregoryLincoln/ |date=* |title=Gregory-Lincoln Education Center }}
• {{cite news|author=Plocek, Keith|url=http://www.houstonpress.com/news/on-shaky-grounds-6551044|title=On Shaky Grounds|newspaper=Houston Press|date=2004-12-30}} - An article about the problems with the rebuilding

{{Fourth Ward, Houston}}

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Category:Magnet schools in Houston

Category:Houston Independent School District elementary schools

Category:Houston Independent School District middle schools

Category:Public K–8 schools in Houston

Category:Fourth Ward, Houston