Gregory Retallack

Retallack moved with his family from Hobart, Tasmania at age 4.{{cite web |url=https://blogs.uoregon.edu/gregr/

|title=Curriculum Vitae |last=Retallack |first=G.J. |date=2022}} He grew up in Hurstville and then Epping, in the suburbs of Sydney. He attended The King's School, Parramatta, then studied biology and paleontology at Macquarie University. He received a BSc Hons with University Medal in 1974 from the University of New England (Australia) and a PhD in 1978 in geology from the same university. After a postdoctoral fellowship at Indiana University Bloomington he joined the faculty at the University of Oregon in 1981. He was a professor in the Department of Geological Sciences since 1992, and Director of the Condon Collection of the University of Oregon Museum of Natural and Cultural History since 2009. Since retirement in 2022 he has been a professor emeritus.{{citation needed|date=October 2023}}

File:RetallackMtCook.jpg, New Zealand, 1974]]

A fossil collector since the age of 6, Retallack was outspoken concerning federal seizure in 1993 of Sue (dinosaur) the skeleton of Tyrannosaurus rex excavated by Pete Larson.{{cite journal | title=Fossils are for everyone | author=Retallack, G. J. | journal=Newsweek | year=1993 | volume=121 | page=8 |url=https://www.tampabay.com/archive/1993/01/10/fossils-are-for-everyone/ }}

In 1973,{{cite journal|title=Stratigraphy, palaeobotany and environmental analysis of an area around Pittwater, north of Sydney, N.S.W.|journal=BSC Honours Thesis, University of New England|author=Retallack, G. J.|year=1973|location=Armidale, New South Wales}} Retallack discovered that paleosols were preserved among fossil roots below some kinds of fossil plant horizons and that paleosols could reveal aspects of plant communities difficult to infer from the fossil plants themselves.{{cite journal | title=Triassic palaeosols in the upper Narrabeen Group of New South Wales. Part II: Classification and reconstruction | author=Retallack, G. J. | journal=Journal of the Geological Society of Australia | year=1977 | volume=24 | issue=1–2 | pages=19–35 | doi=10.1080/00167617708728964}} This novel approach to reconstructing life on land could be applied to understanding major events in evolution, sometimes supplementing and sometimes challenging prior understanding. Initial work was on Triassic vegetation and climate.{{cite journal | title=Palaeosols in the upper Narrabeen Group of New South Wales as evidence of Early Triassic palaeoenvironments without exact modern analogues | author=Retallack, G. J. | journal=Australian Journal of Earth Sciences | year=1997 | volume=44 | pages=185–201 | bibcode=1997AuJES..44..185R | doi=10.1080/08120099708728303 | issue=2}} Later construction of Cenozoic paleoclimate time series led to the idea that grassland-grazer coevolution was responsible for climatic cooling over the past 50 million years,{{cite journal | title= Global cooling by grasslands in the geological past and near future | author=Retallack, G. J. | journal=Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences | year=2013 | volume=41 | pages=5.1–18 | doi= 10.1146/annurev-earth-050212-124001}} which has implications for biosequestration of carbon. Fieldwork in Kenya on paleosols associated with apes (Proconsulidae) ancestral to humans revealed that the evolutionary transition to upright stance occurred in woodlands rather than savannas.{{cite book | title=Handbook of paleoanthropology, Volume 1. Principles, methods and approaches | publisher=Springer Verlag | editor1=Henke, W. | editor2=Tattersall, I. | author=Retallack, G. J. |chapter=Paleosols | year=2007 | location=Berlin |volume=1 | pages=383–408}} Paleosols of the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary in Montana implicated abrupt paleoclimatic change and acid rain from extraterrestrial impact in the extinction of dinosaurs{{cite book | title=Feathered dragons: studies on the transition from dinosaurs to birds | editor1=Currie, P. J. | editor2=Koppelhus, E. B. | editor3=Shugar, M. A. | editor4=Wright, J. L.

| author=Retallack, G. J. | chapter= End-Cretaceous acid rain as a selective extinction mechanism between birds and dinosaurs | year=2004 | pages=35–64}}

Work on the Permian-Triassic boundary in Antarctica lead to formulation of an hypothesis of greenhouse crisis due to methane outburst associated with flood basalt in this greatest of all mass extinctions{{cite journal | title=Methane release from igneous intrusion of coal during Late Permian extinction events |author1=Retallack, G. J. |author2=Jahren, A. H.| journal=Journal of Geology | year=2008 | volume=116 |issue=1 | pages=1–20 | bibcode=2008JG....116....1R | doi=10.1086/524120|s2cid=46914712 }} Devonian fossil soils at sites for tetrapods suggest a woodland hypothesis for the evolutionary transition from fish to amphibian.{{cite journal | title=Woodland hypothesis for Devonian evolution of tetrapods | author=Retallack, G. J. | journal=Journal of Geology | year=2011 | volume=119 | pages=235–358 | doi=10.1086/659144 | issue=3 | bibcode=2011JG....119..235R| s2cid=128827936}}

Retallack discovered fossil soils at classical South Australian sites for the Ediacara biota and reported it is evidence that these fossils formerly regarded as marine were instead terrestrial organisms such as lichens, slime molds and microbial colonies.{{cite journal | title=Ediacaran life on land | author=Retallack, G. J. | journal=Nature | year=2013 | volume=493 | pages=89–92 | bibcode=2013Natur.493...89R | doi=10.1038/nature11777 | pmid=23235827 | issue=7430| s2cid=205232092}} Retallack has also reinterpreted volcanic tuffs of Newfoundland as terrestrial lapilli and sanidine tuffs, and so found fossiliferous Ediacaran paleosols there as well{{cite journal | title=Volcanosedimentary paleoenvironments of Ediacaran fossils in Newfoundland | author=Retallack, G.J. | journal=Geological Society of America Bulletin | year=2014

| volume=126 | issue=5–6 | pages=619–638 | doi=10.1130/B30892.1 | bibcode=2014GSAB..126..619R}} A Paleoproterozoic paleosol with problematic fossils (Diskagma) comparable with the living Geosiphon (a fungus) could suggest a long evolutionary history for life on land.

{{cite journal | title= Problematic urn-shaped fossils from a Paleoproterozoic (2.2 Ga) paleosol in South Africa | author1=Retallack, G. J. | author2=Krull, E. S. | author3=Thackray, G. D. | author4=Parkinson, D. | journal= Precambrian Research | year=2013 | volume=235 | pages=71–87 | doi= 10.1016/j.precamres.2013.05.015 | bibcode=2013PreR..235...71R}} Diskagma from South Africa is as old as 2.2 billion years, pushing back the arrival of life on land much further than the previous record of 1.2 billion years.{{cite web |url=http://www.simonsfoundation.org/quanta/20140424-early-life-in-death-valley/ |title=Early Life in Death Valley |work=Quanta Magazine |author=Peter Byrne |date=24 April 2014 |access-date=8 May 2014}} Reprinted in ScientificAmerican.com{{cite journal |title=Problematic urn-shaped fossils from a Paleoproterozoic (2.2 Ga) paleosol in South Africa |journal=Precambrian Research |author1=Gregory Retallack |date=September 2013 |volume=235 |doi=10.1016/j.precamres.2013.05.015 |pages=71–87 |bibcode=2013PreR..235...71R}} Such putative ancient and complex life on land could support the view that life originated in soil.{{cite book | title=Treatise of geophysics: Earth evolution | publisher=Elsevier | editor=Stevenson, D. | author=Retallack, G. J. |chapter=Coevolution of life and earth | year=2007 | location=Amsterdam|pages=295–320}}

File:PaintedHillspaleosols.jpg

Retallack's work on Late Permian mass extinction was featured on several television documentaries, including the BBC's The Day The Earth Nearly Died{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=No-gBUVVhXQ|title=The day the Earth nearly died|date=12 March 2009 |publisher=Youtube|access-date=21 August 2013}} and Science Channel USA's Miracle Planet episode "Death and Rebirth".{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=exfNNDExxIc%7C|title=Death and rebirth|date=9 June 2009 |publisher=Youtube|access-date=21 August 2013}} His work on Miocene of Panama{{cite journal|title=Middle Miocene global change and paleogeography of Panama|author1=Retallack, G. J. |author2=Kirby, M. X.|journal=PALAIOS|year=2007|volume=22|pages=667–679|doi=10.2110/palo.2006.p06-130r|issue=6|bibcode=2007Palai..22..667R |s2cid=56409337}} was featured in National Geographic Channel USA's "Terror Raptor" episode of Prehistoric Predators.{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHocFbEr0eE%7C|title=Terror raptor|publisher=Youtube|access-date=21 August 2013}} Radio interviews concerning his recent work on early life on land were broadcast by Richard Harris for National Public Radio,{{cite web | url=https://www.npr.org/player/v2/mediaPlayer.html?action=1&t=1&islist=false&id=167052782&m=167089699 |title=Land creatures may not have come from the sea |publisher=National Public Radio| access-date=21 August 2013}} Bob McDonald for Canadian Broadcast Corporation{{cite web |url=http://www.cbc.ca/video/news/audioplayer.html?clipid=232917329 |title=Fossils could preserv oldest land life |publisher=Canadian Broadcast Corporation |access-date=21 August 2013}} and Dave Miller for Oregon Public Broadcasting.{{cite web |url=http://www.opb.org/thinkoutloud/shows/possible-evidence-oldest-life-land |title=Evidence of the oldest life on land |publisher=Oregon Public Broadcasting |access-date=21 August 2013}}

In a challenge to young earth creationism, Retallack debunked interpretation of the fossil forests of Yellowstone National Park as deposits of volcanic lahars in which tree trunks landed upright,{{cite journal | title=Reinterpretation of the depositional environment of the Yellowstone "fossil forest" | author=Fritz, W. G. | journal=Geology | year=1980 | volume=8 | pages=309–313 | doi=10.1130/0091-7613(1980)8<309:ROTDEO>2.0.CO;2 | issue=7| bibcode=1980Geo.....8..309F}} by showing that the fossil stumps were rooted in moderately developed paleosols.{{cite journal | title=Comment on "Reinterpretation of the depositional environment of the Yellowstone fossil forest" | author=Retallack, G. J. | journal=Geology | year=1981 | volume=9 | pages=52–53 | doi=10.1130/0091-7613(1981)9<52:CARORO>2.0.CO;2 | issue=2}} Because moderate development of soils can take as long as 5000 years, only a few paleosols in succession are needed to exceed the young earth creationism age of the Earth, and at Yellowstone there are at least 24 successive fossil forests.{{cite journal | title=The petrified forests of Yellowstone National Park | author=Dorf, E. | journal=Scientific American | year=1964 | volume=210 | issue=4 | pages=107–113| doi=10.1038/scientificamerican0464-106}}

In addition to paleopedology, Retallack continues research in paleobotany. His special interests include Triassic fossil plants such as Pleuromeia,{{cite journal | title=The life and times of a Triassic lycopod | author= Retallack, G. J. | journal=Alcheringa | year=1975 | volume=1 | issue= 1 | pages=3–29 | doi=10.1080/03115517508619477| bibcode= 1975Alch....1....3R}} Isoetes,{{cite journal | title=Earliest Triassic origin of Isoetes and quillwort evolutionary radiation | author= Retallack, G. J. | journal=Journal of Paleontology | year=1997 | volume=71 | issue= 3 | pages=500–521 | jstor= 1306630 | doi= 10.1017/S0022336000039524 | bibcode= 1997JPal...71..500R | s2cid= 140566050}} Dicroidium{{cite journal | title=Reconstructions of selected seed ferns |author1=Retallack, G. J. |author2=Dilcher, D. L. | journal=Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden | year=1988 | volume=75 | pages=1010–1057 | doi=10.2307/2399379 | issue=3|jstor=2399379}} and Lepidopteris.{{cite journal | title=Lepidopteris callipteroides, the earliest Triassic seed fern in the Sydney Basin, southeastern Australia | author=Retallack, G. J. | journal=Alcheringa | year=2002 | volume=26 | pages=475–499 | doi=10.1080/03115510208619538 | issue=4| s2cid=129439745}} With David Dilcher he developed a coastal hypothesis for the dispersal and rise to dominance of angiosperms.{{cite journal | title=Angiosperm invasion of North America |author1=Retallack, G. J. |author2=Dilcher, D.L. | journal=Cretaceous Research | year=1986 | volume=7|pages=227–252 | doi=10.1016/0195-6671(86)90027-3 | issue=3}} Retallack also developed new techniques in cuticle analysis for using stomatal index of fossil Ginkgo leaves to obtain past atmospheric carbon dioxide.{{cite journal | title=A 300 million year record of atmospheric carbon dioxide from fossil plant cuticles | author=Retallack, G. J. | journal=Nature | year=2001 | volume=411|pages=287–290 | bibcode=2001Natur.411..287R | doi=10.1038/35077041 | pmid=11357126 | issue=6835| s2cid=4430851}} This work led Retallack to propose the concept of paleoenvironmental regulation by the Proserpina Principle: plants cool the planet, whereas animals warm it.{{cite book | title=Treatise of geochemistry | publisher=Pergamon Press | editor1=Holland, H. D. | editor2=Turekian, K. K. | author=Retallack, G. J. |chapter=Soils and global change in the carbon cycle over geological time | year=2007 | location=Oxford |pages=581–605}}

Retallack's name is honored by several fossils including Cladophlebis retallackii, fossil fern foliage,{{cite journal | title=The middle Triassic megafossil flora of the Basin Creek Formation, Nymboida Coal Measures, New South Wales. Part 3. Fern-like foliage | author=Holmes, W. B. K. | journal=Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales | year=2003| volume=124| pages=53–108}} Sapindopsis retallackii early angiosperm leaves{{cite journal | title=Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kasas, United States| author1=Wang, H.-S.| author2=Dilcher, D.L.|journal=Palaeontologia Electronica | year=2018| volume=21.3.34A| pages=1–49}} and Hypisodus retallacki, a fossil mouse deer.{{cite book | title=Paleogene mammals | url=https://archive.org/details/paleogenemammals00luca | url-access=limited | publisher=New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin| editor1=Lucas, S. G. | editor2=Zeigler, K. E. | editor3=Kondrashov, P. E.|author1=Meehan, T. J. |author2=Martin, L. D. |chapter=Emended genus description and a new species of Hypisodus (Artiodactyla: Ruminantia; Hypertragulidae)| year=2004 | location=Albuquerque|pages=[https://archive.org/details/paleogenemammals00luca/page/n137 237]–143}}

File:BrachinaGorgepaleosols.jpg

In a study of soils at 84 temples of Classical Greece, Retallack found that each deity and cult could be associated with a particular kind of soil, suggesting an economic basis for Greek polytheism. Thus, Dionysos and Demeter were gods of farming, Hermes and Hera gods of pastoralists, and Apollo and Artemis gods of nomadic hunter-gatherers.{{cite journal | title=Rocks, views, soils and plants at the temples of ancient Greece | author=Retallack, G. J. | journal=Antiquity | year=2008| volume=82| issue=317 | pages=640–657 | doi=10.1017/s0003598x00097283| s2cid=15115738}}

Retallack has served as an associate or technical editor for such scientific journals as Geology, PALAIOS, and Journal of Sedimentary Research. His fellowships include the Geological Society of America, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

He served as the president and vice president of the Cordilleran Section of the Paleontological Society, of the Oregon Academy of Sciences,{{cite web|url=http://www.oas.pdx.edu|title=The Oregon Academy of Science|publisher=Oregon Academy of Science|access-date=21 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130807122721/http://www.oas.pdx.edu/|archive-date=7 August 2013|url-status=dead}} and of the University of Oregon Chapter of the Society of Sigma Xi.

Early reviews of Retallack's textbooks have been positive. Of Soils of the Past, David Fastovsky concludes "it is requisite for all persons trying to understand paleosols".{{cite journal |last=Fastovsky |first=D. E. |title=Book Reviews |journal=Sedimentology |year=1991|volume=38|issue=1 |pages=181–184 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-3091.1991.tb01867.x|bibcode=1991Sedim..38..179.}} Of A Colour Guide to Paleosols, Daniel Yaalon concludes "Highly recommended for students and researchers alike for an introductory insight to paleopedology and to whet and refine their skills in paleosol interpretation."{{cite journal |last=Yaalon |first=D. H. |title=Book Review |journal=Sedimentary Geology |year=1998 |volume=116|issue=3–4 |pages=275–280 |doi=10.1016/S0037-0738(97)00105-X |bibcode=1998SedG..116..276Y}} Both reviews however baulked at the unfamiliarity of soil science terminology and classification in these texts.

Retallack's approach to the description and interpretation of paleosols has been widely adopted.

{{cite book |title=New frontiers in paleopedology and terrestrial paleoclimatology |publisher=Society for Sedimentary Geology |author1=Driese, S. G. |author2=Nordt, L. C. |year=2012 |location=Tulsa, Oklahoma |isbn=978-1-56576-322-7 }} Some controversy concerned use of modern soil taxonomies for paleosols,{{cite journal|title=Paleosol classification: problems and solution|author1=Nettleton, W. D. |author2=Olson, C. G. |author3=Wysocki, D. A.|journal=Catena|year=1998|volume=41|issue=1–3 |pages=61–92|doi=10.1016/S0341-8162(00)00109-0|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1260025}} but Retallack's approach has since been validated by development of additional geochemical proxies for soil taxonomic criteria.{{cite journal |title=A modern soil characterization approach to reconstructing physical and chemical properties of paleo-Vertisols |author1=Nordt, L. |author2=Driese, S. G. |journal=American Journal of Science |year=2010 |volume=310 |issue=1 |pages=37–62 |doi=10.2475/01.2010.02 |s2cid=129449965 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2010AmJS..310...37N}} Retallack's confirmation of abrupt paleoenvironmental change on land at the Cretaceous-Tertiary and Permian-Triassic boundaries, has been supported by later research on extinction.{{citation needed|date=October 2023}}

Retallack's initial taphonomy work interpreting some Ediacaran biota as lichens{{cite journal |title=Were Ediacaran fossils lichens? |author=Retallack, G. J. |journal=Paleobiology |year=1994 |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=523–544|doi=10.1017/S0094837300012975 |bibcode=1994Pbio...20..523R |s2cid=129180481}} was questioned{{cite journal |title=Comment on "Were Ediacaran fossils lichens?" |author=Waggoner, B. |journal=Paleobiology |year=1995|volume=21|issue=3 |pages=397–398 |doi = 10.1017/S0094837300013373 |bibcode=1995Pbio...21..393W |s2cid=82550765}} for its applicability to all Ediacaran fossils. The recent Retallack proposal that Ediacaran fossils were preserved in paleosols and thus could not be marine fossils, is a provocative challenge to prior interpretations, and has been supported in some quarters,{{cite journal |title=Not all at sea |author=Knauth, L. P. |journal=Nature |year=2013|volume=493 |pages=28–9 |doi=10.1038/nature11765 |pmid=23235825 |issue=7430 |doi-access=free}} but disputed in others.{{cite journal |title=Muddying the waters |author=Xiao, S. H. |journal=Nature |year=2013|volume=493|pages=28–29 |doi=10.1038/nature11765 |pmid=23235825 |issue=7430 |doi-access=free}} However this hypothesis of Retallack is not universally accepted by the paleontological community.{{Cite journal |author = Waggoner, B. M. |year = 1995 |title = Ediacaran Lichens: A Critique |journal = Paleobiology |volume = 21 |issue = 3 |pages = 393–397 |doi =10.1017/S0094837300013373 |issn = 0094-8373 |jstor=2401174 |bibcode = 1995Pbio...21..393W |s2cid = 82550765}}{{Cite journal |author = Waggoner, B. M. |author2 = Collins, A. G. |year = 2004 |title = Reductio Ad Absurdum: Testing The Evolutionary Relationships Of Ediacaran And Paleozoic Problematic Fossils Using Molecular Divergence Dates |journal = Journal of Paleontology |volume = 78 |issue = 1 |pages = 51–61 |doi = 10.1666/0022-3360(2004)078<0051:RAATTE>2.0.CO;2 |bibcode = 2004JPal...78...51W |s2cid = 8556856}} Nature called it a "controversial claim" in a news report, in which paleontologist Guy Narbonne said "Most of us appreciated that Retallack's lichen hypothesis was innovative thinking and tested his ideas critically, but it quickly became clear that there are simpler explanations for the features Retallack had validly noted, and most of us moved on to more promising explanations."{{cite journal |last=Switek |first=Brian |title=Controversial claim puts life on land 65 million years early |journal=Nature |date=12 December 2012 |doi=10.1038/nature.2012.12017 |s2cid=130305901 |url=http://www.nature.com/news/controversial-claim-puts-life-on-land-65-million-years-early-1.12017 |access-date=19 November 2013|url-access=subscription }}

In 2020, Retallack and other researchers claimed to have found Dickinsonia fossils from Bhimbetka rock shelters, India.{{Cite journal |last1=Retallack |first1=Gregory J. |last2=Matthews |first2=Neffra A. |last3=Master |first3=Sharad |last4=Khangar |first4=Ranjit G. |last5=Khan |first5=Merajuddin |date=2021-02-01 |title=Dickinsonia discovered in India and late Ediacaran biogeography |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1342937X20303038 |journal=Gondwana Research |language=en |volume=90 |pages=165–170 |doi=10.1016/j.gr.2020.11.008 |bibcode=2021GondR..90..165R |s2cid=229451488 |issn=1342-937X|url-access=subscription }} However, in 2023 other researchers have stated that the material was actually the decayed remnants of a beehive.{{Cite journal |last1=Meert |first1=Joseph G. |last2=Pandit |first2=Manoj K. |last3=Kwafo |first3=Samuel |last4=Singha |first4=Ananya |date=2023-05-01 |title=Stinging News: 'Dickinsonia' discovered in the Upper Vindhyan of India not worth the buzz |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1342937X23000254 |journal=Gondwana Research |language=en |volume=117 |pages=1–7 |doi=10.1016/j.gr.2023.01.003 |bibcode=2023GondR.117....1M |s2cid=255846878 |issn=1342-937X}} Retallack and colleagues acknowledge this mistake discovered because of effacement of the fossil in a way impossible for real Dickinsonia.{{Cite journal |last1=Retallack |first1=Gregory J. |last2=Master |first2=Sharad |last3=Khangar |first3=Ranjit G. |last4=Khan |first4=Merajuddin |date=2023-06-01 |title=Discussion on "Stinging News: 'Dickinsonia' discovered in the Upper Vindhyan of India not worth the buzz" by Meert, et al. (2023) |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1342937X23000497 |journal=Gondwana Research |volume=118 |pages=163–164 |doi=10.1016/j.gr.2023.02.006 |bibcode=2023GondR.118..163R |s2cid=257227632 |issn=1342-937X|url-access=subscription }}{{Cite journal |last1=Kwafo |first1=Samuel |last2=Singha |first2=Ananya |last3=Pandit |first3=Manoj |last4=Meert |first4=Joseph |date=2023-06-01 |title=Reply to the comment by Retallack et al. (2023) on "Stinging News: 'Dickinsonia' discovered in the Upper Vindhyan of India not worth the buzz" |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1342937X23000503 |journal=Gondwana Research |volume=118 |pages=160–162 |doi=10.1016/j.gr.2023.02.016 |bibcode=2023GondR.118..160K |issn=1342-937X|url-access=subscription }}

Retallack has been honored for his research, including the Stillwell Award of the Geological Society of Australia, for best paper in the society journal in 1977, Ingerson Award of the Geochemical Society in 2015, and the Antarctica Service Medal of the U.S. National Science Foundation in 1999.{{citation needed|date=September 2013}} He has been an invited lecturer throughout the U.S., and also to Germany, England, China, Thailand and India.

{{Scholia}}

Textbooks

• Soils of the past: an introduction to paleopedology, 3rd edition, Wiley, Chichester, 2019, {{ISBN|978-1-119-53040-4}}
• A colour guide to paleosols, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, 1997, {{ISBN|0-471-96711-4}}
• Soil grown tall: the epic saga of life from earth, Springer Nature, Cham, Switzerland, 2022, {{ISBN|978-3-030-88738-4}}

Selected publications

• {{cite journal | last1 = Retallack | first1 = G. J. | last2 = Feakes | first2 = C. R. | year = 1987 | title = Trace fossil evidence for Late Ordovician animals on land | journal = Science | volume = 235 | issue = 4784| pages = 61–63 | doi=10.1126/science.235.4784.61 | pmid=17769314 | bibcode = 1987Sci...235...61R| s2cid = 37351505 |ref=none}}
• {{cite journal | last1 = Retallack | first1 = G. J. | last2 = Dugas | first2 = D. P. | last3 = Bestland | first3 = A. E. | year = 1990 | title = Fossil soils and grasses of the earliest East African grasslands | journal = Science | volume = 247 | issue = 4948| pages = 1325–1328 | doi=10.1126/science.247.4948.1325| pmid = 17843796 | s2cid = 46233081 |ref=none}}
• {{cite journal | last1 = Retallack | first1 = G. J. | last2 = Germán-Heins | first2 = J. | year = 1994 | title = Evidence from paleosols for the geological antiquity of rain forest | journal = Science | volume = 265 | issue = 5171| pages = 499–502 | doi=10.1126/science.265.5171.499 | pmid=17781308| bibcode = 1994Sci...265..499R | s2cid = 44497635 |ref=none}}
• {{cite journal | last1 = Retallack | first1 = G. J. | year = 1995 | title = Permian-Triassic life crisis on land | journal = Science | volume = 267 | issue = 5194| pages = 77–80 | doi=10.1126/science.267.5194.77 | pmid=17840061 | bibcode = 1995Sci...267...77R| s2cid = 42308183 |ref=none}}
• {{cite journal | last1 = Retallack | first1 = G. J. | year = 1997 | title = Early forest soils and their role in Devonian global change | journal = Science | volume = 276 | issue = 5312| pages = 583–585 | doi=10.1126/science.276.5312.583| pmid = 9110975 |ref=none}}
• {{cite journal | last1 = Retallack | first1 = G. J. | year = 2001 | title = A 300 million year record of atmospheric carbon dioxide from fossil plant cuticles | journal = Nature | volume = 411 | issue = 6835| pages = 287–290 |bibcode=2001Natur.411..287R | doi=10.1038/35077041 | pmid=11357126| s2cid = 4430851 |ref=none}}
• {{cite journal | last1 = Retallack | first1 = G. J. | year = 2008 | title = Rocks, views, soils and plants at the temples of ancient Greece | journal = Antiquity | volume = 82 | issue = 317| pages = 640–657 | doi=10.1017/s0003598x00097283| s2cid = 15115738 |ref=none}}
• {{cite journal | last1 = Retallack | first1 = G. J. | year = 2013 | title = Ediacaran life on land | journal = Nature | volume = 493 | issue = 7430| pages = 89–92 | doi=10.1038/nature11777 | pmid=23235827 | bibcode = 2013Natur.493...89R| s2cid = 205232092 |ref=none}}

{{reflist|25em}}

• {{IMDb name|id=1581569|name=Gregory Retallack}}
• [http://blogs.uoregon.edu/gregr/ Personal web page]
• {{GoogleScholar|JkQdCJcAAAAJ}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Retallack, Gregory}}

Category:1951 births

Category:Living people

Category:20th-century Australian geologists

Category:American paleontologists

Category:University of Oregon faculty

Category:Fellows of the Geological Society of America

Category:People from Hobart

Category:People educated at The King's School, Parramatta

Category:Macquarie University alumni

Category:University of New England (Australia) alumni

Category:Indiana University Bloomington alumni

Category:Australian paleontologists