Grewia asiatica
{{Short description|Species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae}}
{{Speciesbox
|image=Phalsa03_Asit.jpg
|image2=Phalsa09 Asit.jpg
|image_caption=Flowers and leaves
|status = LC
|status_system = IUCN3.1
|genus=Grewia
|species=asiatica
|authority=L.
|synonyms=
- Grewia hainesiana Hole
- Grewia obtecta Wall.
- Grewia subinaequalis DC.
}}
Grewia asiatica, commonly known as phalsa{{GRIN | access-date = 20 June 2021}} or falsa,Flora of India [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=242413284 Grewia asiatica] is a species of flowering plant in the mallow family Malvaceae. Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk: [http://www.hear.org/Pier/species/grewia_asiatica.htm Grewia asiatica] Grewia celtidifolia was initially considered a mere variety of phalsa, but is now recognized as a distinct species.
It is a shrub or small tree growing to 8 m tall. The leaves are broadly rounded, 5–18 cm long and broad, with a petiole 1–1.5 cm long. The flowers are produced in cymes of several together, the individual flowers about 2 cm diameter, yellow, with five large (12 mm) sepals and five smaller (4–5 mm) petals. The fruit is an edible drupe 5–12 mm diameter, purple to black when ripe.Flora of Western Australia: [http://florabase.calm.wa.gov.au/browse/flora?f=220&level=s&id=20000&type=l Grewia asiatica] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070901170122/http://florabase.calm.wa.gov.au/browse/flora?f=220&level=s&id=20000&type=l |date=2007-09-01 }}
Cultivation and uses
File:Phalsa fruits (Grewia asiatica).jpg
It is extensively cultivated for its sweet and sour acidic fruit, which is sold in the market during the summer months under the name falsa. The flower blooms in April and the fruit is ripe by the end of May. It is available for a very short period in the market, and is at its maximum{{clarification needed|reason=maximum what?|date=May 2023}} by the middle of June. A Sharbat or squash is prepared from the fruit pulp by mixing it with sugar and used as an astringent, stomachic and cooling agent.
The root is used by Santhal tribals for rheumatisms. The stem bark is said to be used in refining sugar, for making ropes and its infusion is used as a demulcent. The leaves are used as an application to pustular eruptions. The buds are also prescribed by some physicians.Purdue University: Fruits of warm climates: [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/phalsa.html Phalsa]
It has become naturalised and locally invasive in Australia and the Philippines.Yadav, A. K. (1999). Phalsa: A Potential New Small Fruit for Georgia. pp.348–352 in: Janick, J. (ed.). Perspectives on new crops and new uses. ASHS Press. Available [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings1999/v4-348.html online].