Griffith Barracks

File:Griffith College Ireland front.jpg

The site, which had been known as Grimswoods Nurseries, was developed as a remand prison, designed by Francis Johnston to relieve pressure on the Newgate Prison, Dublin and completed in 1813.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oj7T-OL29awC&dq=griffith+college+graduate&pg=RA1-PA645 |title=Dublin: The City Within the Grand and Royal Canals and the Circular Road with the Phoenix Park|first= Christine |last=Casey|publisher=Yale University Press|year=2005|isbn= 978-0300109238|page=645}} On the reorganisation of the government following Thomas Drummond's appointment in 1835 as Under-Secretary for Ireland, it became a male penitentiary known as the Richmond Bridewell.{{cite web|url=https://www.griffith.ie/locations/dublin-main-campus/dublin-campus-history/1813-1892|title=The Richmond Bridewell 1813 - 1892|publisher=Griffith College|accessdate=26 May 2019}} The motto above the door read Cease to do evil; learn to do well.{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fE9mkomQHEQC&dq=Cease+to+do+evil%3B+learn+to+do+well+was+the+motto+door+of+the+Richmond+Bridewell&pg=PA106|title=Ulysses Annotated: Notes for James Joyce's Ulysses|first1= Don |last1=Gifford|first2= Robert J. |last2=Seidman|publisher=University of California Press|year=2008|isbn=978-0520253971|page=106}}

In 1844 it was linked with Catholic emancipation and the subsequent movement for Repeal of the Act of Union: one of its most famous occupants was the Liberator, Daniel O'Connell. Prominent Irish Nationalist leaders such as William Smith O'Brien, Thomas Francis Meagher (later Acting Governor of Montana) and James Stephens (founder of the IRB) were among its famous historical prisoners. Another distinguished inmate was the Lord Mayor of Dublin, Timothy Daniel Sullivan, for publishing The Nation, an Irish nationalist newspaper, in 1887.McCarthy, Justin; Egan, Maurice Francis; Hyde, Douglas; Gregory, Lady; Roche, James Jeffrey; Welsh, Charles (Eds.)(1904). In [https://books.google.com/books?id=tVIrAQAAIAAJ&dq=Timothy+Daniel+Sullivan&pg=PA3333 Irish Literature, Vol. IX]. Philadelphia: John D. Morris & Co. p. 3333. Google Book Search. Retrieved on 30 March 2011.

In 1877 it was transferred to the War Office. The additions and extensions were completed by 11 November 1893 but prior to that, in summer 1892 a battalion of the Royal Munster Fusiliers was in occupation. In this era it was known as Wellington Barracks after the Duke of Wellington. During the First World War it was used as a recruiting and training centre for many of the soldiers being sent to fight in that war.Dorney, p. 30

The barracks was not attacked during the 1916 rising. The British garrison of fewer than 100 men, who were under strength and poorly armed, dispatched one patrol and lost one soldier in the action.

The barracks became one of the first to be handed over to the Irish Free State and was garrisoned by the new Irish Army on 15 April 1922.Dorney, p. 44 During the subsequent Irish Civil War (1922-1923), the barracks was attacked by the Anti-Treaty IRA, in an incident in which five people were killed. On 8 November 1922, Anti-Treaty fighters fired on troops drilling in the main square at the barracks from positions across the Grand Canal, using Lewis and Thompson machine guns and rifles. One soldier was killed and fourteen injured (seven seriously), two civilians were also killed and many injured. Free State reinforcements were rushed from Portobello Barracks (now Cathal Brugha), and two of the IRA attackers were killed and six captured, along with a machine gun.{{cite web|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50E13F9345D1A7A93CBA9178AD95F468285F9|title=Irish Forces fight in the heart of Dublin |work=New York Times|date=9 November 1922|accessdate=26 May 2019}} In reprisal for the attack, a Republican, James Spain, was killed. He may have taken part in the attack on the barracks and was wounded in the leg. Two hours after the action, he was pursued by Free State troops, taken out of a nearby house on nearby Donore Avenue and summarily executed.Irish Times 18 November 1922 The barracks was later renamed by the Army Council in honour of Arthur Griffith.Dorney, p. 54

In 1937 part of the barracks was leased to the Irish Athletic Boxing Association as the site for the National Stadium which was opened by Frank Aiken.Dorney, p. 57

The last soldiers left the barracks and transferred to Cathal Brugha Barracks in September 1988.Dorney, p. 64 The refurbishment of buildings for educational use as Griffith College Dublin began in Summer 1991.Dorney, p. 75 The Griffith Barracks Multi-Denominational School was officially opened by President Mary McAleese in April 1998.{{cite web|url=https://griffithbarracks.ie/Page/History-of-GBMDS/3689/Index.html|title=History of Griffith Barracks Multi-Denominational School|publisher=Griffith Barracks Multi-Denominational School|accessdate=26 May 2019}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book|last=Dorney|first=Jack|url=https://www.griffith.ie/sites/default/files/storage/uploads/Locations/Dublin/Docs/GC200.pdf|title= Griffith College Dublin. A History of the Campus 1813-2013|publisher=Griffith College Dublin|year=2013|isbn=978-1906878078}}

• [http://www.griffithbarracks.ie/ Griffith Barracks Multi Denominational School]
• [http://www.gcd.ie Griffith College Dublin]

Category:Irish Army

Category:Barracks in Dublin (city)

Category:Irish military bases

Category:1892 establishments in Ireland

Category:Military installations established in 1892