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Grote or Jacobijnerkerk

{{Infobox religious building

|building_name=Grote Kerk or Jacobijnerkerk

|image=Leeuwarden - Grote- of Jacobijnerkerk.jpg

|caption=Grote or Jacobijnerkerk

|location= Jacobijnerkerkhof 95, Leeuwarden, Netherlands

|geo={{coord|53.20417|5.797445|region:NL_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}

| heritage_designation = Rijksmonument 24225|sect=Protestant Church in the Netherlands

| website = {{url|http://grotekerkleeuwarden.nl/}}

|architecture_type=Church

|architecture_style=Gothic

|groundbreaking=1275

|year_completed=1310

|height_max=

|designated=

}}

Grote Kerk or Jacobijnerkerk ({{trans|Great, or Jacobin Church}}) is a Protestant church in the city of Leeuwarden, Netherlands. The square surrounding the church is the Jacobijnerkerkhof.

History

The church was built in the 13th century. The building was originally part of the Dominican (Jacobin) monastery founded in 1245. It is Leeuwarden's oldest building. In 1256 the famous theologian Albertus Magnus visited the monastery and preached in the church.Haersma Buma, pp. 8-10. In 1392 the building was damaged by a fire. It was restored in 1394. An aisle was added in 1504. The church was extended to the west with a bay that was completed in 1521.[http://grotekerkleeuwarden.nl/geschiedenis/ History] grotekerkleeuwarden.nl Retrieved 7 April 2018. There was a major restoration in the years 1971-1976.Haersma Buma, pp. 22-23. In 1972 remnants of murals appeared. These murals were completed in 1575 and over-painted in 1578 during the Reformation. The Diet in the church on 17 April 1581 was requested by William the Silent. A memorial was unveiled by Arno Brok on 17 April 2018. It is a bronze relief by sculptor Eric Claus.[http://www.lc.nl/friesland/Reli%C3%ABf-Willem-van-Oranje-met-Friezen-die-hem-niet-aankijken-23100378.html Relief William the Silent] Leeuwarder Courant. 17 April 2018. Retrieved on 25 April 2018.

Interior

=Organs=

The main organ (three manuals, 37 stops) of the Grote Kerk is one of the most beautiful sounding baroque organs of the Netherlands. It was built by the Amsterdam organ builder Christian Müller in 1727. The choir organ was built in 1977 by Vermeulen and a third organ was built by Metzler Orgelbau.

There were concerts in the church by the famous organists Camille Saint-Saëns in 1897 and Albert Schweitzer in 1932.Haersma Buma, p. 22.

=People buried in the royal crypt=

File: Grafmonument Willem Lodewijk van Nassau-Dillenburg, 1634.jpg

Members of the Frisian Nassaus were entombed in the royal crypt in the choir of the church.[http://grotekerkleeuwarden.nl/geschiedenis/koninklijke-grafkelder/ Crypt] grotekerkleeuwarden.nl Retrieved 7 April 2018. With Delft and Breda, Leeuwarden is one of the three cities in the Netherlands with a royal crypt.

In 1795, during the Batavian Revolution, the graves were destroyed. The fiftieth anniversary of Queen Wilhelmina's reign in 1948 prompted the rehabilitation of the stadtholder's burial space.

=Stained glass windows=

A number of stained glass windows were installed in the choir. Three of them refer to the period of the Frisian Nassaus and were made by Cor Reisma in 1957. The rightmost window was designed by artist Dick Osinga and made by Willem Bogtman in 1963. This is the "Wilhelmina window" and represents the resurrection of the Dutch people from World War II and the reconstruction. Under this window a plaque was placed in 2005 in memory of Queen Juliana. During the restoration in the period 1972-1978 two more windows were added. These were made by Jos de Ridder. The window on the left is the "William Louis window". The "Marie Louise window" is placed on the right.[http://grotekerkleeuwarden.nl/geschiedenis/de-gebrandschilderde-ramen/ Windows] grotekerkleeuwarden.nl Retrieved 7 April 2018.

Grote Kerk Leeuwarden.jpg|Grote Kerk

Plattegrond tekening - Leeuwarden - 20131339 - RCE.jpg|Church plan

INTERIEUR, MUURSCHILDERING (PANEEL) - Leeuwarden - 20263322 - RCE.jpg|Murals

Leeuwarden, Netherlands - panoramio (13).jpg|Orange Gate

Orgel Grote Kerk Leeuwarden.jpg|Christian Müller organ

Grote Kerk Leeuwarden - preekstoel en liturgisch centrum.jpg|Pulpit

References

{{Reflist}}

Sources

  • Bernhard van Haersma Buma (2008), Grote of Jacobijnerkerk te Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, Friese Pers Boekerij, {{ISBN|9789033006487}}

External links

  • {{in lang|nl}} [http://grotekerkleeuwarden.nl/ Grote Kerk Leeuwarden], official website

{{Rijksmonument|24225}}

{{Commons category|Grote of Jacobijnerkerk (Leeuwarden)}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Churches in Leeuwarden

Category:Rijksmonuments in Leeuwarden

Category:Protestant churches in the Netherlands

Category:Burial sites of the House of Nassau

Category:Protestant churches converted from Roman Catholicism