Grumman F-9 Cougar

Rumors that the Soviet Union had produced a swept wing fighter had circulated a year before the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 first appeared at air shows in 1949. Despite the level of activity taking place with swept wing aircraft, the US Navy was not initially focused on the development of such aircraft. This was largely because the US Navy's focus at the time was defending the battle group against high speed, high altitude bombers with interceptors, as well as escorting medium-range carrier-based bombers in all weather conditions; air-to-air combat was of less interest at that time. Nonetheless, the US Navy appreciated the importance of getting a capable carrier-based swept wing jet fighter. Grumman was awarded a contract for the development of a swept-wing fighter jet in early 1951. The arrival of the MiG-15, which easily outclassed straight-wing fighters in the air war over North Korea, was a major factor.Kinzey 1983, p. 4.Elward 2010, p. 112.Elward 2010, p. 113.

Development proceeded at a relatively rapid pace, in part due to Grumman's pre-existing experience of studying prospective derivatives of the Panther guiding several of their design choices. One example of this was the design team's decision to retain the center fuselage section of the Panther relatively unchanged, as studies of various alternative arrangements had been determined to have introduced center of gravity issues that in turn would have compelled substantial redesigns of other elements of the aircraft, including its propulsion. Instead, the aircraft shared the Panther's engine, landing gear, and various other systems. By changing as little as possible, the company was able to produce a swept wing fighter for the US Navy in mere months, rather than the years involved in delivering a clean-sheet design.Thomason 2008, p. 132.

However, it was necessary to implement various design changes. To effectively accommodate the switch from a straight wing to a swept one, it was necessary to delete the two 120-gallon tip tanks, as in combination with the swept wing there would have been too great a negative impact upon the aircraft's center of gravity; for the same reason, only a single hardpoint was fitted under each wing. Instead, internal fuel tanks housed within the wing were adopted, although these had less capacity than the tip tanks had. The leading edge flaps present on the Panther were deleted in favour of slats, while the trailing edge slats and fuselage-mounted flaps were both redesigned to be effective with the swept wing. The modified fuselage flaps could also function as a second set of air brakes.

File:F9F-6 F9F-5 NAN7-52.jpg

Three XF9F-6 prototypes, two airworthy and one static test airframe, were rapidly produced by modifying existing Panthers straight off the production line. On 20 September 1951, the first prototype conducted its maiden flight, piloted by Grumman test pilot Fred Rowley, only six months following the contract's awarding. Few meaningful problems were encountered during flight testing, most being quickly resolved or accepted on the basis of the perceived urgency for such an aircraft to be made available. The Cougar proved itself to be a definitive step forward; some pilots claimed the type to have superior handling at approach speeds than the preceding Panther.Thomason 2008, pp. 133-134. In a full-power vertical dive, it could break the sound barrier without experiencing buffeting or major undesirable flight characteristics.Thomason 2008, p. 134. In level flight, the aircraft remained only capable of subsonic flight, however, the critical Mach number was increased from 0.79 to 0.86 at sea level, and to 0.895 at 35,000 ft (10,000 m), thus delivering performance markedly superior to that of its predecessor.

However, both roll and pitch control were deemed to not satisfy the requirements. The original roll control arrangement, a combination of unboosted ailerons and hydraulically-actuated spoilers (referred to as "flaperons"), were insufficient when operated via mechanical linkage alone without hydraulic pressure, thus were redesigned. Wing fences were added and the spoilers extended from the fences to the tips of the wing, while the flaperons were divided into two halves, the inbound set being powered by a separate hydraulic system.

Pitch control was initially achieved via a conventional elevator and horizontal stabilizer, the rudder pedals controlled the section of the rudder beneath the horizontal tail surface, while the upper portion of the rudder was controlled by a yaw damper. However, this arrangement was unsuited to high speed flight, thus a powered "flying tail" was adopted.Thomason 2008, pp. 132-133. As such, the Cougar was capable of flying safely and easily even without the upper portion of the tail being present.Kinzey 1983, p. 5.

File:F9F-6 VF-24 CVA-9 1955.JPG on {{USS|Essex|CV-9|6}} in 1955]]

The initial production model was the F9F-6; a total of 646 airframes were delivered between mid-1952 and July 1954. The F9F-6 first flew on 20 September 1951, seven months after Grumman signed a contract with the Navy for swept-wing fighter.Kinzey 1983, p. 8. The first 30 production aircraft used the same J42 P-6 engine used in the F9F-5, but was then replaced by the more powerful J42 P-8 with {{cvt|7,250|lbf|kN}} of thrust.Elward 2010, p. 115. The J42 was a licensed version of the Rolls-Royce Nene.{{Cite web |url=http://www.pw.utc.com/J42_Engine |title=Pratt & Whitney History page on the J42 |access-date=27 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140830224834/http://www.pw.utc.com/J42_Engine |archive-date=30 August 2014 }}

Armament was four 20 mm (.79 in) AN/M3 cannons in the nose and provisions for two {{convert|1000|lb|kg|abbr=on}} bombs or {{convert|150|gal|L|abbr=on}} drop tanks under the wings. Most were fitted with a UHF homing antenna under the nose, and some were fitted with probes for inflight refuelling. The F9F-6 used an Aero 5D-1 weapons sight with an APG-30A gun-ranging radar.{{cite web|last1=Chant|first1=Chris|title=Classic US Fighters – The Grumman F9F Cougar|url=http://www.cmchant.com/grumman-f9f-cougar|website=Christopher Chant Aviation and Military History|date=23 January 2012|publisher=WordPress|access-date=4 December 2016}} The F9F-6 was later designated F-9F in 1962. Sixty were built as F9F-6P reconnaissance aircraft with cameras instead of the nose cannon.Elward 2010, p. 128.

After withdrawal from active service, many F9F-6s were used as unmanned drones for combat training, designated F9F-6D, or as drone controllers, designated F9F-6K. The F9F-6K and the F9F-6D were redesignated the QF-9F and DF-9F, respectively.

The F9F-7 referred to the next batch of Cougars that were given the Allison J33 also found in the F9F-4, instead of the Pratt & Whitney J48. A total of 168 were built, but the J33 proved both less powerful and less reliable than the J48. Almost all were retrofitted with the J48 engine, and were thus indistinguishable from F9F-6s. These were redesignated F-9H in 1962.{{cite web|title=GRUMMAN F9F PANTHER / COUGAR|url=http://www.uswarplanes.net/panthercougar.html|website=USwarplanes|publisher=US Warplanes|access-date=16 April 2016|archive-date=18 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090818184317/http://www.uswarplanes.net/panthercougar.html|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|last1=Baugher|first1=Joe|title=Grumman F9F-7/F-9H Cougar|url=http://www.joebaugher.com/navy_fighters/f9_10.html|website=joebaugher|access-date=16 April 2016}}Elward 2010, p. 118.

The Navy used two modified F9F-7s to conduct experiments landing on British-inspired flexible decks which did not require the use of landing gear. The reasoning was that since an airplane's landing gear comprises some 33% of the total weight, a plane without landing gear would gain a greater range and would be able to carry more ordnance. The aircraft were fitted with a {{convert|3|in|mm|adj=mid|-deep}} false bottom under the center fuselage to help balance the plane during landings on the flex-deck made up of a lubricated rubberized fabric. The deck, built by Goodyear was {{convert|1/2|in|mm}} thick and featured several arresting cables.Elward 2010, p. 120. The planes were launched using a ramp and a handling dolly which served as temporary landing gear.Elward 2010, p. 119. The two F9F-7 aircraft in the test were equipped with the powerful J48-P8 engine instead of the Allison J33 engine originally used with the F9F-7. While the landing tests yielded positive results and proved that landing was clearly possible, the project was terminated in 1955 as it would have been difficult to move the aircraft around the carrier deck once they landed. It also required a highly skilled pilot to perform the landings and would have made it impossible to divert to a land base if necessary.Elward 2010, p. 122.

Work on the F9F-8 began in April 1953 with three goals: lower the airplane's stall speed, improve aircraft control at high angles of attack, and increase range. It featured an 8 in (20 cm) stretch in the fuselage and modified wings with a greater chord, an increased area (from {{convert|300|to|337|sqfoot|m2}}), and a dogtooth.Thomason 2008, pp. 134-135. The airframe changes improved low-speed and high angle of attack flying, and gave more room for fuel tanks. The top speed was {{cvt|704|mph|km/h}} and minimum catapult speed was lowered to {{convert|127|kn|km/h mph}}. It also was now capable of breaking the sound barrier in a steep dive. All four ammunition boxes were mounted above the guns, in contrast to the split location of most previous F9Fs including the Panther. Visibility, which was already very good was improved with the F9F-8.Elward 2010, p. 114.Elward 2010, p. 129.Winchester 2005, p. 4-5. 601 aircraft were delivered between April 1954 and March 1957. Late production F9F-8 aircraft were given the ability to carry four AIM-9 Sidewinder air-to-air missiles under the wings (the first Navy aircraft to deploy with the missiles). Most earlier aircraft were later modified to carry Sidewinders. A number were given also nuclear bombing equipment.Elward 2010, p. 72. The F9F-8 was redesignated F-9J in 1962. The F9F-8B aircraft were F9F-8s converted into single-seat attack fighters, later redesignated AF-9J.{{cite web|title=F9F-8 Detail|url=http://change-index.com/prnama/f9f-8-detail/|website=Pax River Naval Air Museum|access-date=28 November 2016}} The Navy acquired 377 two-seat F9F-8T trainers between 1956 and 1960. They were used for advanced training, weapons training, and carrier training, and served until 1974. They were armed with twin 20 mm (.79 in) cannon and could carry a full bombs or missiles load. In the 1962 redesignation, these were later called TF-9J.Swanborough and Bowers 1990, pp. 249–251.

File:F8F-8 Cougar with Sidewinder missiles in flight 1958.jpg missiles.]]

A total of 110 F9F-8Ps (photo-reconnaissance) were produced with an extensively modified nose carrying cameras. They were withdrawn after 1960 to reserve squadrons. In 1962, remaining F9F-6P and F9F-8P aircraft were re-designated RF-9F and RF-9J respectively.

Modifications of F9F-8 to convert to F9F-8P:

• The modification to eliminate the guns and related equipment and incorporate the photographic equipment and automatic pilot and their controls and instruments has resulted in the following changes:
• Rearrangement of electronics equipment installed in the area enclosed by the fuselage nose section, lengthening of this section by {{convert|12|in|cm}}, and shortening of the sliding nose section.
• Rearrangement of the left and right consoles and the main instrument panel to provide space for the controls associated with the additional equipment.
• Some minor changes of the fuselage structure and equipment installations to provide for the necessary ducting control for hot air from the engine compressor, which is used for defrosting the camera windows and heating the camera compartment.
• Removal of all armament, the Armament Control System, and the AN/APG-30 radar system, and installation of an additional armor plate bulkhead.USN Flight Handbook, F9F-8

The F9F was known to be highly maneuverable and easy to fly. Corky Meyer, who flew both the F9F Cougar and North American FJ-3 Fury, noted that compared to the latter the Cougar had a higher dive speed limit (Mach 1.2 vs Mach 1), a higher maneuvering limit of 7.5-g (compared to 6-g), and greater endurance.

"[The] Combat Air patrol mission was for two hours on station at {{cvt|150|nmi|km}} from the carrier. This required 2+30 takeoff, cruise, and landing endurance plus reserves. The F9F-6 could perform a three-hour CAP mission on internal fuel. The FJ-2 and -3 with external tanks had less than 1+30 mission time and the FJ-4 just met the mission requirement."Elward 2010, p. 138.

The F9F Cougar was also a capable multi-role aircraft, which may explain why it was deployed less often than dedicated fighters. In spite of engine problems that plagued the FJ-3, it was deployed for a longer period than the F9F Cougar. This was more likely attributable to the fact the F9F had an attack role that was being superseded by new jets such as A4D-1 Skyhawk, rather than any deficiency as a fighter.

"The reason the FJ-3 was deployed a little longer and a little more often (19 times vs 16) in fighter squadrons than the F9F-8 probably wasn't because it was the better fighter. More likely it was because it has a minimal capability as an attack aircraft, whereas the F9F-8 was good for that too, including nuclear weapon delivery. In effect the F9F-8 was a jet attack placeholder along with the F7U-3M, while the pipeline was being filled with the FJ-4Bs and A4Ds. As a result, the FJ-3 was the designated day fighter by default on most deployments."{{cite web|last1=Thomason|first1=Tommy|title=About Tommy|url=http://tommythomason.com/|website=tommythomason|publisher=Tommy H. Thomason|access-date=16 April 2016}}

File:TF-9J Cougar of H&MS-13 in Vietnam c1967.jpg at Chu Lai, Vietnam 1967]]

File:F9F-8 Blue Angels fleur de lis NAN8-55.jpg" maneuver in 1955]]

The first F9F-6s were assigned to fleet squadron VF-32 at the end of 1952. The first F9F Cougar squadron to actually deploy was VF-24, assigned to {{USS|Yorktown|CV-10|6}} in August 1953. It arrived too late to the Korean theater to participate in the air war.

F9F-8s were withdrawn from front-line service in 1958–59, replaced by F11F Tigers and F8U Crusaders. The Naval Reserves used them until the mid-1960s, but none of the single-seat versions were used in the Vietnam War.

The only version of the Cougar to see combat was the TF-9J trainer (known as F9F-8T until 1962) during the Vietnam War. Detachments of four Cougars served with US Marines Headquarters and Maintenance Squadron 11 (H&MS-11) at Da Nang and H&MS-13 at Chu Lai, where they were used for fast-Forward Air Control and the airborne command role, directing airstrikes against enemy positions in South Vietnam between 1966 and 1968.Mersky Aviation News 17–31 August 1989, pp. 320–322.{{Cite web|title=Grumman F9F-8T/TF-9J Cougar|url=http://www.joebaugher.com/navy_fighters/f9_13.html|access-date=2023-02-20|website=www.joebaugher.com}}

The TF-9J two-seat trainer had a long service with the U.S. Navy. It served as the Navy's advanced flight trainer for more than two decades. The proposed Cougar modification (re-engined with a J52 engine) was rejected, and the Navy selected the TA-4F Skyhawk. The last Cougar was phased out when Training Squadron 4 (VT-4) re-equipped in February 1974. A F9F-8T, BuNo 14276, is displayed at the National Naval Aviation Museum at NAS Pensacola, Florida.

The US Navy used the F9F Cougar to set the transcontinental crossing record on April 1, 1954. Three pilots from fleet fighter squadron VF-21 completed the {{convert|2,438|mi|km|adj=on}} flight in under four hours with LCDR F.X. Brady setting the quickest time of 3 hours, 45 minutes and 30 seconds. This was the first time the distance had been covered in under four hours. The three F9F-6 aircraft refueled over Kansas from a North American AJ Savage, using an experimental refueling probe mounted on the nose.Elward 2010, p. 116.

The U.S. Navy's flight demonstration team, the Blue Angels flew four different variants of F9Fs from the F9F-2 Panther to the F9F-8. The Blue Angels replaced their six F9F-5 Panthers with six F9F-6s in 1953. This was short lived however and the Navy subsequently took them for fleet use without using the planes in an air show. The F9F-6s were then replaced with overhauled F9F-5s until 1954 when the Blue Angels switched to the F9F-8. The Blue Angels used the F9F-8 until 1957 they were replaced by the Grumman F11F-1 Tiger, although one two-seat F9F-8T was retained for press and VIP flights.Elward 2010, p. 142.

The only foreign air arm to use the F9F Cougar was the Argentine Naval Aviation, who also used the F9F Panther as well. Two F9F-8T trainers were acquired in 1962, and served until 1971. The Cougar was the first jet to break the sound barrier in Argentina.{{Cite web|title=AvNaval|url=http://www.histarmar.com.ar/Armada%2520Argentina/AviacionNaval/TR-AT-Cougar.htm|access-date=2023-02-20|website=www.histarmar.com.ar}} One aircraft (serial 3-A-151) is on display at the Naval Aviation Museum (MUAN) at Bahía Blanca, while the other was sold to a customer in the United States and subsequently lost in an accident on 31 October 1991.

File:F9F Cougars of VA-192 and VFP-61 over Formosa 1957.jpg and an F9F-8P of VFP-61 over Formosa (Taiwan), in 1957]]

File:F8F-8T Cougars of VMT-1 in flight in 1962.jpg

File:QF-9J Cougar target drone at China Lake in 1970.jpg

;XF9F-6 : Prototypes built from the F9F-5 Panther, with swept wings and horizontal tail surfaces. Initially powered by {{convert|7000|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} J-48-P6 engine and later reengined with {{convert|7250|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} YJ-48-P8. Three prototypes built (two flying and one static test).{{sfn|Francillon|1989|p=334}}

;F9F-6 : Initial production version; redesignated F-9F in 1962, 646 built.

;F9F-6P : Photo-reconnaissance versions; redesignated RF-9F in 1962, 60 built.

;F9F-6PD : Drone director aircraft, converted from F9F-6Ps; redesignated DF-9F in 1962.

;F9F-6D : Drone director aircraft, converted from F9F-6s; redesignated DF-9F in 1962.

;F9F-6K : Unmanned drone for combat training, converted from F9F-6s; redesignated QF-9F in 1962.

;F9F-6K2 : An improved version of the F9F-6K target drone; redesignated QF-9G in 1962.

;F9F-7 : Built with the Allison J33 engine; most were converted to take J48s; redesignated F-9H in 1962, 168 built.

;F9F-8 : Longer center fuselage, strengthened canopy, redesigned wing, increased fuel capacity, and the ability to carry AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles; redesignated F-9J in 1962, 601 built.

;YF9F-8B : Prototype for a single-seat attack-fighter aircraft converted from a F9F-8; later redesignated YAF-9J.

;F9F-8B : F9F-8s converted into single-seat attack-fighters; later redesignated AF-9J.

;F9F-8P : Photo-reconnaissance versions built from F9F-8s; later redesignated RF-9J, 110 built.

;YF9F-8T : One F9F-8 aircraft converted into a prototype for the F9F-8T training aircraft; later redesignated YTF-9J.

;F9F-8T : Two-seat trainers built from F9F-8s; redesignated TF-9J in 1962, 399 built.

;NTF-9J : Two TF-9Js used for special test duties.

;YF9F-9: Original designation of the YF11F-1 Tiger prototypes. First flight was on 30 July 1954; redesignated in April 1955.

File:F9F Cougar & F4U COAN ARA.jpg from the Argentine Navy]]

;{{ARG}}

• Argentine Navy – Argentine Naval Aviation

;{{USA}}

• United States Navy
• United States Marine Corps

File:Memorial Photo 1.jpg.]]

File:Grumman F9F Cougar.JPG]]

File:Grumman F9F-8 Cougar 1955 IMG 2107.JPG aboard {{USS|Intrepid|CV-11|6}}, New York City]]

File:Grumman F9F-8T 3-A-151.jpg

File:Grumman TF-9J Cougar Blue Angel RSideFront EASM 4Feb2010 (14590998235).jpg TF-9J at the Evergreen Aviation & Space Museum]]

;F9F-8T

• 0516/3-A-151 (Argentine Navy) – Argentine Naval Aviation Museum (Museo de la Aviacion Naval - MUAN) at Bahía Blanca, Argentina.{{harvnb|Cicalesi|Rivas|2008}}

;F9F-6

• 126670 – in storage at the National Air and Space Museum, Paul E. Garber Preservation, Restoration, and Storage Facility, Suitland, Maryland.[http://airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?object=nasm_A19750601000 "F9F Cougar/126670"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121153912/http://airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?object=nasm_A19750601000 |date=2015-01-21 }} Smithsonian, National Air Museum. Retrieved: 12 January 2015.
• 128109 – National Naval Aviation Museum at NAS Pensacola, Florida.{{Cite web |url=http://www.navalaviationmuseum.org/attractions/aircraft-exhibits/item/?item=f9f-6_cougar |title=F9F-6 COUGAR |access-date=2023-02-20 |website=www.navalaviationmuseum.org |archive-date=2015-03-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318101717/http://www.navalaviationmuseum.org/attractions/aircraft-exhibits/item/?item=f9f-6_cougar |url-status=bot: unknown }}|archive-url= |archive-date=05 January 2024{{cite web |title=F9F-6 Cougar |url=https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/museums/nnam/explore/collections/aircraft/f/f9f-6-cougar.html |website=NHHC |publisher=www.history.navy.mil |access-date=5 November 2023}}
• 127236 – New Iberia Veterans Memorial Building, New Iberia, Louisiana.{{Cite web|url=http://www.nivmb.com/html/building.html|title = Pictures of Building}}

;F9F-6P

• unknown – The Town of Tonawanda Veterans Memorial in the Town of Tonawanda, New York.Adamczyk, Ed. [http://www.tonawanda-news.com/archivesearch/local_story_226003956.html "Honoring those who served, and everyone else."] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130105032657/http://www.tonawanda-news.com/archivesearch/local_story_226003956.html |date=2013-01-05 }} Tonawanda News, 14 August 2009. The aircraft has been on display since 1959 and in 2009 was refurbished when the new Town of Tonawanda Veterans Memorial was created.
• 127484 – Former Marine Corps aircraft has been a ground display for children to play on in Boysen Park in Anaheim, California, since about 1960. For safety reasons, in 1967 the aircraft was coated in gunite to cover sharp edges that had developed.[http://goodall.com.au/warbirds-directory-v6/grumman.pdf "Warbird Directory: Grumman Page 92"] Retrieved: 26 September 2022{{cite journal|last1=Brown |first1=Suzi |last2= Ebbing |first2=Mike |last3= Moreno |first3= Nikki |last4= Newell |first4= Jane |last5= Schinderle |first5= Meghan |last6= Vera |first6= Karen |last7= Yuhas |first7= Phil |editor-last1=Nicoletti |editor-first1=John James |editor-last2=Fontes |editor-first2=Linda |title=A Jet Fueled by Imagination |url=https://www.anaheim.net/DocumentCenter/View/66/2005-Winter-#page=16 |journal=Anaheim Magazine |department=Features |location=Anaheim, California |publisher=City of Anaheim |date=Winter 2006 |access-date=17 March 2024 |pages=14–15 }}

;F9F-7

• 130763 – Cradle of Aviation Museum in Garden City, New York.{{Cite web|title=Grumman F9F-7 Cougar at the Cradle of Aviation Museum|url=https://www.cradleofaviation.org/history/exhibits/exhibit-galleries/the_jet_age/grumman_f9f-7_cougar.html|access-date=2023-02-20|website=www.cradleofaviation.org|language=en}}

;F9F-8

• 131063 – Texas Air Museum in Slaton, Texas.{{Cite web|title=F9F-8 – Texas Air Museum|url=https://thetexasairmuseum.org/f9f-8/|access-date=2023-02-20|language=en-US}}
• 131230 – National Naval Aviation Museum, NAS Pensacola, Florida.{{cite web |title=Aircraft Photo of 131230 {{!}} Grumman F-9J (F9F-8) Cougar {{!}} USA - Navy {{!}} AirHistory.net #235092 |url=https://www.airhistory.net/photo/235092/131230 |website=AirHistory.net |access-date=5 November 2023 |language=en}}
• 131232 – Museum of Flight in Seattle, Washington.{{Cite web|title=Grumman F9F-8 (F-9J) Cougar | The Museum of Flight|url=https://www.museumofflight.org/exhibits-and-events/aircraft/grumman-f9f-8-f-9j-cougar|access-date=2023-02-20|website=Museum of Flight|language=en}}
• 138876 – Pueblo Weisbrod Aircraft Museum in Pueblo, Colorado.{{Cite web|title=EXHIBITS & DISPLAYS|url=https://pwam.org/exhibits-displays/|access-date=2023-02-20|website=Pueblo Weisbrod Aircraft Museum|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-04-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405223854/https://pwam.org/exhibits-displays/|url-status=dead}}
• 141117 – Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum in New York, New York. It is on loan from the National Museum of Naval Aviation. It was built in Grumman's Bethpage factory in 1955 and retired from active service in 1965. It previously served as a gate guard for Naval Weapons Station Earle, and later was displayed at a playground in Wall Township, NJ. Restored to wear the colors of fighter squadron VF-61, which flew from {{USS|Intrepid|CV-11|6}} in 1956.[http://www.intrepidmuseum.org/AircraftGuide.aspx "F9F Cougar/141117."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161219175037/http://www.intrepidmuseum.org/AircraftGuide.aspx |date=2016-12-19 }} Intrepid Sea-Air-Space Museum Retrieved: 15 January 2015.{{Cite web|url=https://www.intrepidmuseum.org/CougarJoinsIntrepid|title = Grumman Cougar Joins Elite Aircraft Collection}}
• 141121 – Pima Air & Space Museum, adjacent to Davis-Monthan AFB, in Tucson, Arizona.[http://www.pimaair.org/visit/aircraft-by-name/item/grumman-taf-9j-cougar "F9F Cougar/141121."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224044633/http://www.pimaair.org/visit/aircraft-by-name/item/grumman-taf-9j-cougar |date=2015-02-24 }} Pima Air & Space Museum. Retrieved: 15 January 2015.
• 144275 – Evergreen Aviation & Space Museum in McMinnville, Oregon. It is on loan from the National Museum of Naval Aviation and is painted to represent the narrator's aircraft for the U.S. Navy Blue Angels precision flight demonstration team.[http://www.evergreenmuseum.org/the-museum/aircraft-exhibits/military-aircrafts/ "F9F Cougar/147275."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111206162346/http://www.evergreenmuseum.org/the-museum/aircraft-exhibits/military-aircrafts/ |date=2011-12-06 }} Evergreen Aviation & Space Museum. Retrieved: 30 October 2012.

;F9F-8B

• 144276 – Patuxent River Naval Air Museum in Lexington Park, Maryland.

;F9F-8P

• 141675 – Yanks Air Museum in Chino, California.{{Cite web|date=2017-01-28|title=Grumman RF-9J Cougar (F9F-8P)|url=https://www.yanksair.org/collection/grumman-g-79-panther-f9f-9-fr-9j/|access-date=2023-02-20|website=Yanks Air Museum|language=en-US|archive-date=2023-02-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220205259/https://www.yanksair.org/collection/grumman-g-79-panther-f9f-9-fr-9j/|url-status=dead}}{{Cite web|title=Aircraft Inquiry|url=https://registry.faa.gov/AircraftInquiry/Search/NNumberResult?nNumberTxt=9256|access-date=2023-02-20|website=registry.faa.gov}}
• 141702 – USS Midway Museum in San Diego, California.{{Cite web|title=Aircraft Gallery|url=https://www.midway.org/exhibits-activities/exhibits/aircraft-gallery/|access-date=2023-02-20|website=USS Midway Museum|language=en-US}}
• 141722 – Flying Leatherneck Aviation Museum, MCAS Miramar in San Diego, California.[http://flyingleathernecks.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Aircraft_Listing.pdf "F9F Cougar/141722."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011185627/http://flyingleathernecks.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Aircraft_Listing.pdf |date=2017-10-11 }} Flying Letherneck Aviation Museum. Retrieved: 15 January 2015.
• 144388 – Estrella Warbird Museum in Paso Robles, California.[http://www.ewarbirds.org/f9.html "F9F Cougar/144388."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150121163733/http://www.ewarbirds.org/f9.html |date=2015-01-21 }} Estrella Warbird Museum. Retrieved: 21 January 2015.
• 144426 – Pima Air & Space Museum, adjacent to Davis-Monthan AFB in Tucson, Arizona.[http://www.pimaair.org/visit/aircraft-by-name/item/grumman-rf-9j-cougar "F9F Cougar/144426."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224044622/http://www.pimaair.org/visit/aircraft-by-name/item/grumman-rf-9j-cougar |date=2015-02-24 }} Pima Air & Space Museum. Retrieved: 15 January 2015.
• 144402 – Military Aviation Preservation Society, M.A.P.S. in Canton, Ohio.{{Cite web|date=2020-01-06|title=Grumman F9F-8P "Cougar" - MAPS Air Museum|url=https://mapsairmuseum.org/grumman-f9f-8-cougar/|access-date=2023-02-20|language=en-US}}

;F9F-8T

• 142442 – The Town of Woodridge, New York.[http://forjets.netfirms.com/page15.html "F9F Cougar/142442."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407093041/http://forjets.netfirms.com/page15.html |date=2014-04-07 }} The Town of Woodridge NY. Retrieved: 21 April 2014.
• 147276 – USS Lexington Museum in Corpus Christi, Texas.{{Cite web|date=2017-04-05|title=F9F-8T COUGAR | USS LEXINGTON|url=https://usslexington.com/portfolio/f9f-8t-cougar/|access-date=2023-02-20|language=en}}
• 147283 – Air Zoo in Kalamazoo, Michigan.[http://www.airzoo.org/page.php?menu_id=137 "F9F Cougar/147283."] Air Zoo. Retrieved: 15 January 2015.
• 147385 – {{USS|Yorktown|CV-10}} at the Patriot's Point Naval and Maritime Museum in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina.[http://www.patriotspoint.org/pdf/aircraft/tf-9j_cougar.pdf "F9F Cougar/147385."] Patriot's Point Naval & Maritime Museum. Retrieved: 30 October 2012.
• 147397 – Pima Air & Space Museum, adjacent to Davis-Monthan AFB in Tucson, Arizona.[http://www.pimaair.org/visit/aircraft-by-name/item/grumman-tf-9j-cougar "F9F Cougar/147397."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224044637/http://www.pimaair.org/visit/aircraft-by-name/item/grumman-tf-9j-cougar |date=2015-02-24 }} Pima Air & Space Museum. Retrieved: 15 January 2015.
• 142985 – Hickory Aviation Museum, Hickory Regional Airport (KHKY) in Hickory, North Carolina.{{Cite web|title=Hickory Aviation Museum|url=http://www.hickoryaviationmuseum.org/welcome.html|access-date=2023-02-20|website=Hickory Aviation Museum|language=en|archive-date=2023-02-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230220205300/http://www.hickoryaviationmuseum.org/welcome.html|url-status=dead}}
• 147418 – James Clemens High School part of the Madison City Schools district in Madison, Alabama.{{Cite web|url=https://yellowhammernews.com/restored-fighter-jet-lands-at-madisons-james-clemens-high-school/|title=Restored fighter jet lands at Madison's James Clemens High School|first=Brandon|last=Moseley|date=September 17, 2023}}{{Cite web|url=https://whnt.com/news/madison/james-clemens-high-school-witnesses-touch-down-of-new-mascot/|title=James Clemens High School witnesses 'touch down' of new mascot|date=June 15, 2023}}{{Cite web|url=https://themadisonrecord.com/2023/06/15/fighter-jet-has-touched-down-on-the-james-clemens-high-school-campus/|title=Fighter jet touches down on James Clemens High School campus|first=John|last=Few|date=June 15, 2023|website=The Madison Record}}

File:Grumman F9F-8 Cougar 3-view line drawing.png

{{Aircraft specs

|ref= NAVAIR : Standard Aircraft Characteristics F9F-6 "Cougar" 1 July 1953,{{cite book |title=Standard Aircraft Characteristics F9F-6 "Cougar" |date=1 July 1953 |url=https://www.aahs-online.org/images/Navy_SAC/F9F-6.pdf |via= American Aviation Historical Society |publisher=Navair |access-date=9 September 2023}} Navair: Standard Aircraft Characteristics F9F-6 "Cougar" 1 July 1967{{cite book |title=Standard Aircraft Characteristics F9F-6 "Cougar" |url=https://www.avialogs.com/component/phocadownload/category/1488-contribs?download=3383:0003537-avialogs-1003125-f-9f-cougar-sac-1-july-1967 |via=Avialogs |publisher=Navair |access-date=29 March 2016}}

|prime units?= imp

|crew= 1

|length ft= 40

|length in= 11

|length note=

|span ft= 34

|span in= 6

|span note=

|height ft= 12

|height in= 3.5

|height note=

• Height folded: {{cvt|15|ft|10|in|1}} (wing-tips)

|width ft= 14

|width in= 2

|width note= folded (tailplane span)

|wing area sqft= 300

|wing area note=

|aspect ratio= 4

|airfoil= NACA 64A010{{cite web |last1=Lednicer |first1=David |title=The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |url=https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |website=m-selig.ae.illinois.edu |access-date=16 April 2019}}

|empty weight lb= 11,483

|empty weight note=

• Empty equipped: {{cvt|12090|lb|0}}

|gross weight lb= 15,800

|gross weight note=

• Combat weight: {{cvt|16244|lb|0}}

|max takeoff weight lb= 21,000

|max takeoff weight note= on land

::::{{cvt|20000|lb|0}} from catapult

• Maximum landing weight: {{cvt|16000|lb|0}} on land

:::: {{cvt|14000|lb|0}} arrested landing

|fuel capacity={{cvt|763|USgal|impgal l}} in two fuselage tanks and {{cvt|156|USgal|impgal l}} in four wing leading edge tanks; total {{cvt|919|USgal|impgal l}}

|more general=

|eng1 number= 1

|eng1 name= Pratt & Whitney J48-P-8

|eng1 type= centrifugal-flow turbojet engine

|eng1 lbf= 7,250

|eng1 note= at 11,000 rpm for take-off / Military power at sea level

::::{{cvt|5600|lbf|kN|2}} at 10,450 rpm maximum continuous at sea level

|max speed mph= 654

|max speed note= at sea level at {{cvt|18450|lb|0}} TOW

|max speed mach=

|cruise speed mph= 541

|cruise speed note= at {{cvt|41200|-|45000|ft}}

|stall speed mph= 128

|stall speed note= at {{cvt|18450|lb|0}} TOW power off

::::{{cvt|107|mph|kn km/h|0}} at {{cvt|15157|lb|0}} with approach power

|never exceed speed mph=

|never exceed speed note=

|range miles=

|range note=

|combat range miles= 293

|combat range note=with one hour and 24 minutes of mission time

|ferry range miles=

|ferry range note=

|endurance=

|ceiling ft= 44,500

|ceiling note=

|g limits=+7.5 at {{cvt|15800|lb|0}}; +5.5 at MTOW

|roll rate=

|climb rate ftmin= 6,750

|climb rate note= at sea level at {{cvt|18450|lb|0}} TOW

|time to altitude=

:*{{cvt|20000|ft}} in four minutes at {{cvt|18450|lb|0}} TOW

:*{{cvt|30000|ft}} in six minutes and 48 seconds at {{cvt|18450|lb|0}} TOW

|lift to drag=

|wing loading lb/sqft= 61.5

|wing loading note= at {{cvt|18450|lb|0}} TOW

|fuel consumption lb/mi=

|thrust/weight=

|more performance=

• Take-off run: {{cvt|2100|ft|0}} at {{cvt|18450|lb|0}} TOW in nil wind

::::{{cvt|1360|ft|0}} at {{cvt|18450|lb|0}} TOW in {{cvt|29|mph|kn km/h|0}} wind

|guns= 4 × 20 mm (0.79 in) AN/M3 cannon, 190 rounds per gun

|rockets= 6 × 5 in (127 mm) rockets

|bombs= 2 × 1,000 lb (454 kg) bombs on inboard pylons plus 2 x 500 lb (227 kg) bombs on outer pylons

|avionics=

• Radar ranging - AN/APG-30

}}

{{aircontent

|related=

• Grumman F9F Panther
• Grumman F-11 Tiger

|similar aircraft=

• Dassault Ouragan
• Douglas F4D Skyray
• Hawker Sea Hawk
• McDonnell F3H Demon
• Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17

|lists=

• List of fighter aircraft
• List of military aircraft of the United States

|see also

}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book |last1 = Angelucci |first1 = Enzo |first2 = Peter |last2 = Bowers |title = The American Fighter |location = Sparkford, UK |publisher = Haynes |date = 1987 |isbn = 0-85429-635-2}}
• {{cite web |url = http://www.institutoaeronaval.org/Artículos/Historia/Grumman-Panther-en-Argentina.html |title = Grumman Panther en Argentina |trans-title = Grumman Panther in Argentina |last1 = Cicalesi |first1 = Juan Carlos |last2 = Rivas |first2 = Santiago |language = es |date = 22 December 2008 |website = Instituto Aeronaval - Articulos - Historia |publisher = Instituto Aeronaval |access-date = 28 August 2014 |url-status = usurped |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20141029225043/http://www.institutoaeronaval.org/Art%C3%ADculos/Historia/Grumman-Panther-en-Argentina.html |archive-date = 29 October 2014 }}
• {{cite book |last = Elward |first = Brad |title = Grumman F9F Panther/Cougar |location = North Branch, Minnesota, US |publisher = Specialty Press |date = 2010 |isbn = 978-1-58007-145-1}}
• {{cite book |last = Francillon |first = René J. |title = Grumman Aircraft since 1929 |year=1989 |location=London, UK |publisher = Putnam |isbn = 0-85177-835-6}}
• {{cite book |last = Kinzey |first = Bert |title = F9F Cougar in Detail & Scale |location = Fallbrook, California |publisher = Aero Publishers |date = 1983 |isbn = 978-0-8168-5024-2}}
• {{cite magazine |last = Mersky |first = Peter |title = Flying Cougars and Other Unusual Aircraft in Vietnam |magazine = Aviation News magazine |volume = 18 |number = 7 |date = 31 August 1989 |pages = 320–322}}
• {{cite book |last = Neubeck |first = Ken |title = F9F Cougar Walk Around |location = Carrollton, Texas, US |publisher = Squadron/Signal Publications |date = 2012 |isbn = 978-0-89747-666-9}}
• {{cite book |last1 = Swanborough |first1 = Gordon |first2 = Peter M. |last2 = Bowers |title = United States Navy Aircraft since 1911 |location = Annapolis, Maryland |publisher = Naval Institute Press |date = 1990 |isbn = 0-87021-792-5}}
• {{cite book |last = Thomason |first = Tommy H. |title = U.S. Naval Air Superiority: Development of Shipborne Jet Fighters, 1943-1962 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=XkYcBQAAQBAJ |publisher = Specialty Press |date = 2008 |isbn = 978-1-580-07110-9}}
• {{cite book |last = Winchester |first = Jim |title = American Military Aircraft |date = 2005 |location = New York, US |publisher = Metro Books |pages = 186–187 |isbn = 978-1-4351-5697-5}}

{{commons category|Grumman F9F Cougar}}

• {{Cite book |last1=Núñez Padin |first1=Jorge Felix |title=Grumman F9F Panther & Cougar |year=2010 |editor-first=Jorge Felix |editor-last=Núñez Padin |publisher=Fuerzas Aeronavales |series=Serie Aeronaval |volume=29 |language=es |isbn=978-987-1682-03-4 |location=Bahía Blanca, Argentina |url=http://www.fuerzasaeronavales.com/?product=libro-grumman-f9f-phanter-cougar-serie-aeronaval-no29 |access-date=26 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106133208/http://www.fuerzasaeronavales.com/?product=libro-grumman-f9f-phanter-cougar-serie-aeronaval-no29 |archive-date=6 January 2015 }}
• {{cite journal |last1=Rivas |first1=Santiago |title=Argentina's Big Cats: The Grumman F9F-2 Panther & F9F-8T Cougar in Argentinian Navy Service |journal=The Aviation Historian |date=2023 |issue=43 |pages=104–112 |issn=2051-1930}}

{{Grumman aircraft}}

{{USN fighters}}

{{US fighters}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Grumman F09F6 Cougar}}

F-009 Cougar

Grumman F-09 Cougar

Category:Single-engined jet aircraft

Category:Low-wing aircraft

Category:Carrier-based aircraft

Category:Aircraft first flown in 1951

Category:Cruciform tail aircraft

Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear