Gryllacrididae

{{Short description|Family of insects}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| taxon = Gryllacrididae

| image = Silk-from-Crickets-A-New-Twist-on-Spinning-pone.0030408.s003.ogv

| image_caption = Hyalogryllacris sp. fabricating silk

| authority = Blanchard, 1845

| subdivision_ranks = Subfamilies

| subdivision =

• Gryllacridinae
• Hyperbaeninae

| synonyms = Gryllacridae

}}

Gryllacrididae are a family of non-jumping insects in the suborder Ensifera occurring worldwide, known commonly as leaf-rolling crickets or raspy crickets. The family historically has been broadly defined to include what are presently several other families, such as Stenopelmatidae ("Jerusalem crickets") and Rhaphidophoridae ("camel crickets"),{{cite journal|author=Desutter-Grandcolas, L.|year=2003|title=Phylogeny and the evolution of acoustic communication in extant Ensifera (Insecta, Orthoptera)|journal=Zoologica Scripta|volume=32|issue=6|pages=525–561|url=http://www.mnhn.fr/oseb/Desutter/Desutter_fichiers/2003/Desutter-Grandcolas_ZoolScr2003.pdf|doi=10.1046/j.1463-6409.2003.00142.x|s2cid=85659457|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612062946/http://www.mnhn.fr/oseb/Desutter/Desutter_fichiers/2003/Desutter-Grandcolas_ZoolScr2003.pdf|archive-date=2011-06-12}} now considered separate. As presently defined, the family contains two subfamilies: Gryllacridinae and Hyperbaeninae.[http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/Common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=1130540 Orthoptera Species File: family Gryllacrididae Blanchard, 1845 (version 5.0: retrieved 19 July 2019)] They are commonly wingless and nocturnal. In the daytime, most species rest in shelters made from folded leaves sewn with silk. Some species use silk to burrow in sand, earth or wood.{{cite journal|author=Rentz, D.C.F.|author2=John, B. |year=1990| title=Studies in Australian Gryllacrididae: taxonomy, biology, ecology and cytology|journal=Invertebrate Taxonomy|volume=3|issue=8 |pages=1052–1210|doi=10.1071/IT9891053|url=http://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/IT9891053.htm|url-access=subscription}} Raspy crickets evolved the ability to produce silk independently from other insects, but their silk has many convergent features to silkworm silk, being made of long, repetitive proteins with an extended beta-sheet structure.{{cite journal|vauthors=Walker AA, Weisman S, Church JS, Merritt DJ, Mudie ST, Sutherland TD |year=2012| title=Silk from Crickets: A New Twist on Spinning|journal=PLOS ONE |volume=7|issue=2|pages=e30408|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0030408|pmid=22355311|pmc=3280245|bibcode=2012PLoSO...730408W|doi-access=free}}