Guachi language
{{Short description|Extinct language of Argentina}}
{{Infobox language
|name=Guachí
|nativename=Wachí
|states=Argentina
|ethnicity=
|extinct=?
|ref =
|familycolor=American
|fam1=Guaicuruan?
|fam2=Eastern
|iso3=none
|linglist=qfk
|glotto=guac1239
|glottorefname=Guachi
}}
Guachí (Wachí) is an extinct, apparently Guaicuruan language of Argentina. It is usually classified as one of the Guaicuruan languages, but the data is insufficient to demonstrate that.{{cite web| editor-last1= Hammarström| editor-first1 = Harald| editor-last2 = Forke| editor-first2 = Robert| editor-last3 = Haspelmath| editor-first3 = Martin| editor-last4 = Bank| editor-first4 = Sebastian| year = 2020|title = Guachi | work = Glottolog 4.3| url = https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/guac1239}} The people it was spoken by were Guaicuruanized.{{Citation |last=Loukotka |first=Čestmír |title=Classification of South American Indian Languages |year=1968 |location=Los Angeles |publisher=UCLA Latin American Center |author-link=Čestmír Loukotka}}
Documentation
Guachi is known only from 145 words collected by Francis de Castelnau from March to early April 1845 in the Miranda area of Argentina.Castelnau, Francis de 1850-1. Expédition dans les parties centrales de l’Amérique du Sud: de Rio de Janeiro á Lima, et de Lima au Para, executée par ordre du Gouvernement franais pendant les années 1843 á 1847. Histoire du Voyage, París: P. Bertrand, vol. 2 & 5.
Classification
Viegas Barros (2004) proposes that Guachi, as well as Payaguá, may be a Macro-Guaicurúan language.Viegas Barros, José Pedro. 2004. Guaicurú no, macro-Guaicurú sí: Una hipótesis sobre la clasificación de la lengua Guachí (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil). Ms. 34pp. However, Campbell (2012) classifies Guachi as a language isolate.{{cite book |last=Campbell |first=Lyle |author-link=Lyle Campbell |editor1-last=Grondona |editor1-first=Verónica |editor2-last=Campbell |editor2-first=Lyle |date=2012 |title=The Indigenous Languages of South America |chapter=Classification of the indigenous languages of South America |series=The World of Linguistics |volume=2 |location=Berlin |publisher=De Gruyter Mouton |pages=59–166 |isbn=978-3-11-025513-3}}
Vocabulary
Guachi words and affixes listed in Viegas Barros (2004):
:
| class="wikitable sortable"
! no. !! Spanish gloss | |||
| 1 | agua | water | euak |
| 2 | lago | lake | tawicha |
| 3 | estrella | star | aati |
| 4 | posiblemente día | day ? | aanau-, naau- |
| 5 | diente | tooth | iava |
| 6 | labios | lips | iapé |
| 7 | ojo | eye | iataya |
| 8 | ceja | eyebrow | iticha |
| 9 | cabeza | head | iotapa |
| 10 | hombro | shoulder | -eu (< iolai-eu) |
| 11 | cabello | hair | ioatriz |
| 12 | mentón | chin | irak |
| 13 | comer | eat | iik |
| 14 | dormir | sleep | amma |
| 15 | golpear, batir | hit, beat | sapak |
| 16 | sentarse | sit down | ineche |
| 17 | posiblemente indígena | indigenous ? | -euleuc |
| 18 | hijo | son | inna |
| 19 | dos | two | eu-echo |
| 20 | no | no | an |
| 21 | gallina | hen | wokaake |
| 22 | pipa | pipe | ouchete |
| 23 | posiblemente otra vez | again ? | -way |
| 24 | posiblemente negación léxica | negation ? | ag- |
| 25 | posiblemente posesivo de 1ª. p. sing. | 1.SG possessive ? | i- |
| 26 | posiblemente plural nominal | nominal plural ? | -i |
| 27 | posiblemente femenino | feminine ? | -jen |
| 28 | lluvia | rain | fou-é |
| 29 | calor | hot | o-outé |
| 30 | pierna | leg | iacté |
| 31 | matar | kill | outei |
| 32 | hambre | hungry | yawookta |
| 33 | anciano | old man | seera |
| 34 | demasiado | excessively | euaité |
| 35 | pez | fish | aney |
| 36 | lagartija | lizard | kaliske |
| 37 | papagayo | parrot | calicheechee |
| 38 | tucán | toucan | iacat |
| 39 | armadillo | armadillo | tatae sia |
| 40 | sable | saber | nasakanate |
| 41 | luna | moon | o-alete |
| 42 | tierra | earth | leek |
| 43 | nariz | nose | ia-note |
| 44 | pierna | leg | iacalep |
| 45 | muslo | thigh | iakamnan |
| 46 | posiblemente uno | one ? | -kailau |
| 47 | tres | three | eu-echo-kailau |
| 48 | hablar | talk | ieuech |
| 49 | cansarse | become tired | ya-weul |
| 50 | cocinar | cook | ayai |
| 51 | sufijo derivativo de significado posible ‘parecido a’ | suffix < ‘alike’ ? | -tok |
| 52 | caballo | horse | ometok |
| 53 | papagayo (Arara) | parrot (Arara) | caga |
| 54 | casa | house | poecha |
| 55 | canoa | canoe | nook |
| 56 | fusil | rifle | ta-ai |
| 57 | maza, porra | club, bludgeon | palley |
| 58 | piedra | stone | sitrat |
| 59 | frío | cold | catate |
| 60 | garganta | throat | iracheu |
| 61 | vientre | belly | iet |
| 62 | leche | milk | lachouway |
| 63 | mano | hand | -mason (< iolaimason) |
| 64 | morder | bite | apa-eu |
References
{{sister project |project=wiktionary |text=Wiktionary has a word list at Appendix:Guachi word list}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Languages of Argentina}}
{{Mataco-Guaicuru languages}}
{{South American languages}}
Category:Languages of Argentina
Category:Extinct languages of South America