Guaporé Biological Reserve

The reserve of {{convert|615771|ha}} in the Amazon biome was created by decree 87,587 on 20 September 1982.

The reserve is managed by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation.{{sfn|Reserva Biológica do Guaporé – Chico Mendes}}

It lies in the municipalities of Alta Floresta d'Oeste and São Francisco do Guaporé in the state of Rondônia.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservação ... MMA}}

Altitude is from {{convert|132|to|495|m}}.

Annual rainfall is {{convert|2100|mm}}. Temperatures range from {{convert|15|to|33|C}} with an average of {{convert|25|C}}.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservação ... MMA}}

The reserve lies in the Guaporé Depression, an extensive pediplain with permanent wetlands and areas subject to periodic flooding by the rivers Guaporé, São Miguel, Branco and Massaco.

The rivers are in the basin of the Madeira River, a tributary of the Amazon River.

They have their origins in the southern foothills of the Chapada dos Parecis.

In this area the Guaporé River forms the boundary between Brazil and Bolivia. The Guaporé and São Miguel rivers form the north west, west and south west borders and are of great importance as natural barriers against the encroachment of loggers and illegal farmers.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservação ... MMA}}

The Guaporé and its tributaries, the São Miguel, Branco, São Simão, Massaco and Colorado, begin to rise in October or November, fed by rainstorms, and continue to be high until March, when there is a significant reduction in water levels in the following months.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservação ... MMA}}

Some sections of the Guaporé and its tributaries hold large floating colonies of Eichhornia (water hyacinth) species, which sometimes clog the rivers and prevent boat traffic.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservação ... MMA}}

File:092 Ciervo de los Pantanos, "Esteros del Iberá", Corrientes, Argentina.JPG ]]

The vegetation is mainly dense forest apart from Chapada dos Parecis and parts of the Serra dos Pacáas Novos.{{sfn|Reserva Biológica do Guaporé – ViaRural}}

There is great diversity of flora in the reserve, which is in the transition area between the Cerrado and Amazon biomes, and also has species characteristic of the Pantanal.

Landscapes include open canopy alluvial forest in areas subject to flooding and open canopy submontane forest in areas with elevations of {{convert|100|to|600|m}}.

The well-spaced tree forming the upper layer do not exceed {{convert|30|m}} in height and let light through to the dense understory, which includes many representatives of the Rubiaceae, Melastomataceae and Piperaceae families.

Common tree species include Attalea speciosa, Euterpe precatoria Euterpe oleracea, Leopoldinia piassaba, Bertholletia excelsa and Hevea brasiliensis.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservação ... MMA}}

There are scattered areas of dense canopy Atlantic alluvial rain forest with emergent evergreens reaching {{convert|46|m}} in height.

This type of vegetation includes significant numbers of palm trees and vines.

Common species in these areas include Manilkara amazonica, Apuleia molaris, Brosimum ovatifolium, Aspidosperma album and Vochysia guianensis.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservação ... MMA}}

The Buriti Pioneer River Formation is dominated by the Mauritia flexuosa (buriti palm).

It is the last example of this type of vegetation in Rondonia, and covers an area of about {{convert|24|km2}}.

It is a delicate environment that provides a unique habitat for macaws that nest in the palms trees and marsh deer that breed in the environment.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservação ... MMA}}

The Biological Reserve is a "strict nature reserve" under IUCN protected area category Ia.

The purpose is to fully preserve the biota and other natural attributes without human interference..{{sfn|Unidade de Conservação ... MMA}}

Specifically it was created to protect a representative sample of the transition ecosystem between the Amazon Forest and the Cerrado, as well as samples of aquatic ecosystems of rivers, lakes, fields and flooded forests, while protecting threatened or endangered species..{{sfn|Unidade de Conservação ... MMA}}

Protected species are marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus), jaguar (Panthera onca) and giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis).{{sfn|Reserva Biológica do Guaporé – Chico Mendes}}

The reserve would be included in the proposed Western Amazon Ecological Corridor.{{sfn|Ayres|Da Fonseca |Rylands|Queiroz|2005|p=32}}

{{reflist|30em}}

{{refbegin}}

• {{citation |language=pt |last1=Ayres |first1=José Márcio |first2=Gustavo A. B. |last2=Da Fonseca |first3=Anthony B. |last3=Rylands |first4=Helder L. |last4=Queiroz |first5=Luiz Paulo |last5=Pinto |first6=Donald |last6=Masterson |first7=Roberto B. |last7=Cavalcanti |title=Os Corredores Ecológicos das Florestas Tropicais do Brasil |year=2005 |publisher=Sociedade Civil Mamirauá |url=https://uc.socioambiental.org/sites/uc.socioambiental.org/files/Corredores%20Ecol%C3%B3gicos_PPG7_1997_0.pdf |accessdate=2016-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160731063133/http://uc.socioambiental.org/sites/uc.socioambiental.org/files/Corredores%20Ecol%C3%B3gicos_PPG7_1997_0.pdf |archive-date=2016-07-31 |url-status=dead }}
• {{citation|ref={{harvid|Reserva Biológica do Guaporé – Chico Mendes}} |accessdate=2016-04-15|language=Portuguese

|title=Reserva Biológica do Guaporé|publisher=Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation

|url=http://www.icmbio.gov.br/portal/biodiversidade/unidades-de-conservacao/biomas-brasileiros/amazonia/unidades-de-conservacao-amazonia/1997-rebio-do-guapore.html}}

• {{citation|ref={{harvid|Reserva Biológica do Guaporé – ViaRural}}|url=http://br.viarural.com/servicos/turismo/reservas-biologicas/reserva-biologica-do-guapore/

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423131920/http://br.viarural.com/servicos/turismo/reservas-biologicas/reserva-biologica-do-guapore/

|url-status=usurped

|archive-date=April 23, 2016

|title=Reserva Biológica do Guaporé|work=ViaRural|language=Portuguese |accessdate=2016-04-15}}

• {{citation|url=http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/156279/|date=29 May 2009

|last=Triana|first=Elisa |work=The Encyclopedia of Earth |title=Strict Nature Reserves in Brazil|accessdate=2016-04-15}}

• {{citation|ref={{harvid|Unidade de Conservação ... MMA}}|language=Portuguese

|title=Unidade de Conservação: Reserva Biológica do Guaporé|publisher=MMA: Ministério do Meio Ambiente

|url=http://sistemas.mma.gov.br/cnuc/index.php?ido=relatorioparametrizado.exibeRelatorio&relatorioPadrao=true&idUc=206|accessdate=2016-04-26}}

{{refend}}

{{Biological reserve (Brazil)}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Guapore Biological Reserve}}

Category:1982 establishments in Brazil

Category:Biological reserves of Brazil

Category:Protected areas of Rondônia

Category:Protected areas established in 1982

Category:Ramsar sites in Brazil