Guarijio people
{{infobox ethnic group
|group=Guarijío
|image=250px
|caption=Guarijío territory in magenta
|total=2,100
|total_year=2020|
|popplace={{Flag|Mexico}}
({{flag|Chihuahua}}, {{flag|Sonora}}{{cite web|title=Guarijío: History and Cultural Relations|url=http://www.everyculture.com/Middle-America-Caribbean/Guarij-o-History-and-Cultural-Relations.html|website=Countries and Their Cultures|publisher=Advameg, Inc.|access-date=15 December 2015}})
|rels= Traditional tribal religion
|langs=Guarijio language, Spanish{{cite web|title=Huarijío|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/var|website=Ethnologue|publisher=SIL International|access-date=15 December 2015}}
|related=Mayo, TarahumaraYetman 86
}}
The Guarijío ({{langx|es|Guarijío}}) are an Indigenous people of Mexico. They primarily live in 17 villages near the West Sierra Madre Mountains in Chihuahua and the Sonoran border. Their homelands are remote and reached either on foot or horseback.Yetman 30 Their traditional Guarijio language has about 2100 speakers.
Name
Language
The Guarijío language is a Tarahumaran language of the Uto-Aztecan language family, written in the Latin script. A dictionary and grammar have been published for the language. Children primarily learn Spanish in school.
History
Guarijíos lived between the Tarahumara to the south and east and Mayo to the west. Spanish Jesuit missionaries arrived in their territory in the 1620s. The Jesuits established a mission in Chínipas, where some Guarijío and Guazapare people rebelled against them. After the Spanish military retaliated, the Guarijío dispersed and split into two distinct communities—one in Sonora and the other in Chihuahua
Culture
These people enjoy seclusion in spacious villages. A festival, called tuburada, brings them together socially on momentous occasions, including the planting and harvesting of maize.Yetman 61 A tubrada includes feasting, ceremonial smoking of Nicotiana rustica, processions with fireworks, and dancing.Yetman 61–63
Subsistence
Guarijío adapted farming to their dry climate and grow amaranth, beans, maize, and squash. They supplement these crops with wild plants harvested from the forest.
See also
- Jean Bassett Johnson (1915–1944), American anthropologist who studied the Guarijío in the 1930s
- Wimmeria mexicana, a plant used by Guarijío people for medicinal tea
Notes
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References
- Lenguas indígenas y hablantes de 3 años y más, 2020 INEGI. Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020
- {{cite book|last1=Yetman|first1=David|title=The Guarijios of the Sierra Madre: Hidden People of Northwestern Mexico|date=2002|publisher=University of New Mexico Press|location=Albuquerque|isbn=978-0826322340}}
{{Indigenous peoples of Mexico}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Guarijio People}}
Category:Indigenous peoples in Mexico
Category:Indigenous peoples of Aridoamerica