Guinness

{{See also|Guinness family}}

File:St. James's Gate Brewery, Dublin, Ireland.jpg

File:Guinness gate, Dublin - geograph.org.uk - 7058016.jpg

File:Guinness Brauerei in Dublin, Irland (22138993785).jpg in Dublin, Ireland]]

Arthur Guinness started brewing ales in 1759 at the St. James's Gate Brewery, Dublin. On 31 December 1759, he signed a 9,000 year lease at £45 per annum for the unused brewery.{{cite web|url=http://www.diageo.com/en-row/OurBrands/Ourglobalbrands/Guinness |title=Guinness |date=8 January 2010 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100108052634/http://www.diageo.com/en-row/OurBrands/Ourglobalbrands/Guinness |archive-date=8 January 2010 }}{{cite web|title=Guinness Storehouse|url=https://www.guinness-storehouse.com/en|website=Guinness-storehouse.com|access-date=10 June 2020|archive-date=11 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611014604/https://www.guinness-storehouse.com/en|url-status=live}}{{Cite news |url=https://money.cnn.com/2009/09/24/news/companies/guinness_250_anniversary |title=Guinness celebrates 250 years |publisher=CNNMoney.com |author=Julianne Pepitone |date=24 September 2009 |access-date=24 September 2009 |archive-date=27 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090927094222/http://money.cnn.com/2009/09/24/news/companies/guinness_250_anniversary/ |url-status=live }} Ten years later, on 19 May 1769, Guinness first exported his ale: he shipped six-and-a-half barrels to Great Britain.{{cn|date=October 2024}}

Arthur Guinness started selling the dark beer porter in 1778.{{Cite book |author=Guinness, Patrick |title=Arthur's Round: the Life and Times of Brewing Legend Arthur Guinness |publisher=Peter Owen |location=London |year=2008 |page=114 |isbn=978-0-7206-1296-7}} The first Guinness beers to use the term "stout" were Single Stout and Double Stout in the 1840s."Guinness's Brewery in the Irish Economy 1759–1876", Patrick Lynch and John Vaizey, published 1960, pages 150–151 Throughout the bulk of its history, Guinness produced only three variations of a single beer type: porter or single stout, double or extra and foreign stout for export.{{cite ODNB|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/33601/33601|title=Guinness, Edward Cecil, first earl of Iveagh (1847–1927), brewer and philanthropist - Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|year=2004|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/33601|last1=Wilson|first1=R. G.}} "Stout" originally referred to a beer's strength, but eventually shifted meaning toward body and colour.*{{cite book|author=Jackson, Michael|title=The World Guide to Beer|publisher=New York: Ballantine|year=1977|isbn=0-89471-292-6|author-link=Michael Jackson (writer)|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/worldguidetobeer0000unse}}, p. 156. Porter was also referred to as "plain", as mentioned in the famous refrain of Flann O'Brien's poem "The Workman's Friend": "A pint of plain is your only man."At Swim-Two-Birds, Flann O'Brien, {{ISBN|1-56478-181-X}}.

Already one of the top-three British and Irish brewers, Guinness's sales soared from 350,000 barrels in 1868 to 779,000 barrels in 1876. In October 1886, Guinness became a public company and was averaging sales of 1.138 million barrels a year. This was despite the brewery's refusal to either advertise or offer its beer at a discount. Even though Guinness owned no public houses, the company was valued at £6 million and shares were 20 times oversubscribed, with share prices rising to a 60 per cent premium on the first day of trading.

The breweries pioneered several quality control efforts. The brewery hired the statistician William Sealy Gosset in 1899, who achieved lasting fame under the pseudonym "Student" for techniques developed for Guinness, particularly Student's t-distribution and the even more commonly known Student's t-test.{{cn|date=October 2024}}

By 1900 the brewery was operating unparalleled welfare schemes for its 5,000 employees. By 1907 the welfare schemes were costing the brewery £40,000 a year, which was one-fifth of the total wages bill. The improvements were suggested and supervised by Sir John Lumsden. By 1914, Guinness was producing 2.652 million barrels of beer a year, which was more than double that of its nearest competitor Bass, and was supplying more than 10 per cent of the total UK beer market.

When World War I broke out in 1914, employees at Guinness St. James Brewery were encouraged to join the British forces. Over 800 employees served in the war. This was made possible due to a number of measures put in place by Guinness: soldiers' families were paid half wages, and jobs were guaranteed upon their return. Of the 800 employees who fought, 103 did not return.{{Cite web|title=Brewery was a 'safe haven' for WWI troops|url=https://www.independent.ie/entertainment/brewery-was-a-safe-haven-for-wwi-troops-31004440.html|access-date=2021-06-14|website=independent|date=19 February 2015 |language=en|archive-date=14 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614162554/https://www.independent.ie/entertainment/brewery-was-a-safe-haven-for-wwi-troops-31004440.html|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|title=Guinness and the War 1914-18|url=https://www.littlemuseum.ie/events/guinness-and-the-war-1914-18|access-date=2021-06-14|website=The Little Museum of Dublin|date=2 January 2015 |language=en-GB|archive-date=14 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614162555/https://www.littlemuseum.ie/events/guinness-and-the-war-1914-18|url-status=live}}

During World War II, the demand for Guinness among the British was one of the main reasons why the UK lifted commerce restrictions imposed in 1941 to force Ireland into supporting the Allied Powers.{{cite web |last1=Evans |first1=Bryce |title=How Guinness saved Ireland in World War II |url=https://www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/how-guinness-saved-ireland-in-world-war-ii |access-date=10 September 2021 |date=9 October 2019 |archive-date=10 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210910230407/https://www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/how-guinness-saved-ireland-in-world-war-ii |url-status=live }}

Before 1939, if a Guinness brewer wished to marry a Catholic, his resignation was requested.{{cite book|title=A Bottle of Guinness Please|first= David |last=Hughes|publisher=Phimboy|year=2006|isbn=978-0955371301}} According to Thomas Molloy, writing in the Irish Independent, "It had no qualms about selling drink to Catholics but it did everything it could to avoid employing them until the 1960s."{{cite news|last=Molloy|first=Thomas|title=Forget the Guinness publicity shots, drinks giant Diageo doesn't need us|url=http://www.independent.ie/opinion/columnists/thomas-molloy/forget-the-guinness-publicity-shots-drinks-giant-diageo-doesnt-need-us-29349481.html|newspaper=The Independent|date=17 June 2013|access-date=23 June 2013|archive-date=7 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107205825/http://www.independent.ie/opinion/columnists/thomas-molloy/forget-the-guinness-publicity-shots-drinks-giant-diageo-doesnt-need-us-29349481.html|url-status=live}}

Guinness thought they brewed their last porter in 1973. In the 1970s, following declining sales, the decision was taken to make Guinness Extra Stout more "drinkable". The gravity was subsequently reduced, and the brand was relaunched in 1981.A Bottle of Guinness Please by David Hughes, Chapter 3 Pale malt was used for the first time, and isomerised hop extract began to be used. In 2014, two new porters were introduced: West Indies Porter and Dublin Porter.{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/the-filter/11074980/Thinking-Drinkers-a-beginners-guide-to-porter.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/the-filter/11074980/Thinking-Drinkers-a-beginners-guide-to-porter.html |archive-date=11 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Thinking Drinkers: a beginner's guide to porter |author1=Ben McFarland |name-list-style=amp |author2=Tom Sandham |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |date=5 September 2014 |access-date=16 May 2015}}{{cbignore}}

Guinness acquired The Distillers Company in 1986.{{cite web|url=https://www.diageo.com/en-row/AboutDiageo/OurHistory/ |title=Our History |date=13 January 2010 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100113070121/http://www.diageo.com/en-row/AboutDiageo/OurHistory/ |archive-date=13 January 2010 }} This led to a scandal and criminal trial concerning the artificial inflation of the Guinness share price during the takeover bid engineered by the chairman, Ernest Saunders.{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/banksandfinance/8296369/Famous-stock-market-scandals.html?image=3|title=Famous stock market scandals|access-date=15 October 2016|archive-date=23 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161223082528/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/banksandfinance/8296369/Famous-stock-market-scandals.html?image=3|url-status=live}} A subsequent £5.2 million success fee paid to an American lawyer and Guinness director, Tom Ward, was the subject of the case Guinness plc v Saunders, in which the House of Lords declared that the payment had been invalid.{{cite web|url=https://www.casemine.com/judgement/uk/5a8ff8c960d03e7f57ecd701|title=Guinness plc v Saunders|publisher=Casemine|access-date=15 July 2020|archive-date=15 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200715223654/https://www.casemine.com/judgement/uk/5a8ff8c960d03e7f57ecd701|url-status=live}}

In the 1980s, as the IRA's bombing campaign spread to London and the rest of Britain, Guinness considered scrapping the harp as its logo.

The company merged with Grand Metropolitan in 1997 to form Diageo.{{cite news|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0UQX/is_7_69/ai_n14895441 |title=Spirits soar at Diageo |publisher=Findarticles.com |access-date=19 December 2011 |year=2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312000737/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0UQX/is_7_69/ai_n14895441/ |archive-date=12 March 2012 }} The company was maintained as a separate entity within Diageo and has retained the rights to the product and all associated trademarks of Guinness.{{cn|date=October 2024}}

File:Park Royal Guinness Brewery during demolition December 2005.jpg

The Guinness brewery in Park Royal, London, closed in 2005. The production of all Guinness sold in the UK and Ireland was moved to St. James's Gate Brewery, Dublin.{{cite news|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3469/is_/ai_n6031117 |title=Guinness to close its London Brewery |publisher=Findarticles.com |date=26 April 2004 |access-date=19 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090628125346/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3469/is_17_55/ai_n6031117/ |archive-date=28 June 2009 }}

File:House flag of Guinness.svg

Guinness had a fleet of ships, barges and yachts.{{cite web|last1=Bourke|first1=Edward|title=The Guinness Fleets|url=http://lugnad.ie/guinnessfleets/|publisher=On-line Journal of Research on Irish Maritime History|access-date=25 November 2014|archive-date=29 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140929105422/http://lugnad.ie/guinnessfleets/|url-status=live}} The Irish Sunday Independent newspaper reported on 17 June 2007 that Diageo intended to close the historic St. James's Gate plant in Dublin and move to a greenfield site on the outskirts of the city.P3, main news section, by Daniel McConnell, Sunday Independent, 17 June 2007.

Initially, Diageo dismissed talk of a move as a rumor, but as speculation mounted in the wake of the Sunday Independent article, the company confirmed it was undertaking a "significant review of its operations". This review was part of the company's ongoing drive to reduce the environmental impact of brewing at the St. James's Gate plant.{{cite web |url=http://www.foodanddrinkeurope.com/news/ng.asp?n=78538&m=2FDE730&c=kwvnozjntxbidwh |title=Diageo pledges green future for the black stuff |publisher=Foodanddrinkeurope.com |access-date=19 December 2011 |archive-date=23 February 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080223202429/http://www.foodanddrinkeurope.com/news/ng.asp?n=78538&m=2FDE730&c=kwvnozjntxbidwh |url-status=live }}

On 23 November 2007, an article appeared in the Evening Herald, a Dublin newspaper, stating that the Dublin City Council, in the best interests of the city of Dublin, had put forward a motion to prevent planning permission ever being granted for the development of the site, thus making it very difficult for Diageo to sell off the site for residential development.{{cn|date=October 2024}}

On 9 May 2008, Diageo announced that the St. James's Gate brewery will remain open and undergo renovations, but that breweries in Kilkenny and Dundalk will be closed by 2013 when a new larger brewery is opened near Dublin. The result will be a loss of roughly 250 jobs across the entire Diageo and Guinness workforce in Ireland.{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/marketsNews/idUSL0980449120080509 |title=Diageo keeps Dublin Guinness site, to build new one |publisher=Reuters.com |date=9 May 2008 |access-date=19 December 2011 |first=Andras |last=Gergely |archive-date=10 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090110232214/http://www.reuters.com/article/marketsNews/idUSL0980449120080509 |url-status=live }} Two days later, the Sunday Independent again reported that Diageo chiefs had met with Tánaiste Mary Coughlan, the deputy leader of the Government of Ireland, about moving operations to Ireland from the UK to benefit from its lower corporation tax rates. Several UK firms have made the move in order to pay Ireland's 12.5 per cent rate rather than the UK's 28 per cent rate.{{cite news |url=http://www.independent.ie/national-news/diageo-is-seriously-considering-irish-move-1372362.html |title=Diageo is 'seriously considering' Irish move |work=Independent.ie |date=11 May 2008 |access-date=19 December 2011 |archive-date=20 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020183427/http://www.independent.ie/national-news/diageo-is-seriously-considering-irish-move-1372362.html |url-status=live }} Diageo released a statement to the London Stock Exchange (LSE) denying the report.{{Cite news | url=http://in.reuters.com/article/rbssConsumerGoodsAndRetailNews/idINL1120449020080511 | work=Reuters | title=Diageo denies report it plans tax move to Ireland | date=11 May 2008 | access-date=18 June 2008 | archive-date=5 September 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905161456/http://in.reuters.com/article/rbssConsumerGoodsAndRetailNews/idINL1120449020080511 | url-status=dead }} Despite the merger that created Diageo plc in 1997, Guinness has retained its right to the Guinness brand and associated trademarks and thus continues to trade under the traditional Guinness name despite trading under the corporate name Diageo for a brief period in 1997.{{clarify|date=November 2023}}{{cn|date=November 2023}}

In 2017, Diageo made their beer suitable for consumption by vegetarians and vegans by introducing a new filtration process that avoided the use of isinglass from fish bladders to filter out yeast particles.{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/05/business/guinness-is-going-vegan.html?smid=fb-nytimes&smtyp=cur&_r=2 | title=Guinness Is Going Vegan | work=The New York Times | date=4 November 2015 | access-date=6 November 2015 | archive-date=5 January 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105070327/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/05/business/guinness-is-going-vegan.html?smid=fb-nytimes&smtyp=cur&_r=2 | url-status=live }}{{cite web|title=Guinness to Go Vegan After 256 Years|url=http://www.foodandwine.com/fwx/drink/guinness-go-vegan-after-256-years|publisher=Foodandwine.com|access-date=3 November 2015|archive-date=7 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107024055/http://www.foodandwine.com/fwx/drink/guinness-go-vegan-after-256-years|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://www.guinness.com/en-ie/frequently-asked-questions/|title=FAQs|website=Guinness.com|access-date=15 January 2018|archive-date=11 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170611011934/https://www.guinness.com/en-ie/frequently-asked-questions/|url-status=live}}

Guinness stout is made from water, malted barley, roasted barley, hops, and brewer's yeast. A portion of the barley is roasted to give Guinness its dark colour and characteristic taste. It is pasteurised and filtered.{{cite web |url=http://www.beeretseq.com/some-thoughts-on-guinness/ |title=Some Thoughts On Guinness |date=21 January 2016 |access-date=5 May 2019 |archive-date=4 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504003245/http://www.beeretseq.com/some-thoughts-on-guinness/ |url-status=live }}

Until the late 1950s, Guinness was still racked into wooden casks. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, Guinness ceased brewing cask-conditioned beers and developed a keg brewing system with aluminium kegs replacing the wooden casks; these were nicknamed "iron lungs".{{cite web |url=http://heritageboatassociation.ie/cms/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=84 |title=49M – Ye Iron Lung – GCC Canal Boat – Dublin 1928 |date=21 September 2008 |access-date=19 December 2011 |archive-date=1 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101044747/http://heritageboatassociation.ie/cms/index2.php?option=com_content&do_pdf=1&id=84 |url-status=live }}

Until 2016 the production of Guinness, as with many beers, involved the use of isinglass made from fish. Isinglass was used as a fining agent for settling out suspended matter in the vat. The isinglass was retained in the floor of the vat but it was possible that minute quantities might be carried over into the beer.{{Cite news|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/topstories/tm_method%3Dfull%26objectid%3D19141872%26siteid%3D89520-name_page.html|title=Guinness – 'May Contain Fish'|last1=Jackson|first1=Kate|last2=Wallis|first2=Sara|date=21 May 2007|work=Daily Mirror|access-date=22 August 2010|archive-date=14 February 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080214233751/http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/topstories/tm_method%3Dfull%26objectid%3D19141872%26siteid%3D89520-name_page.html|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|url=http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/10/29/1098992287581.html|title=Dyed Smarties make vegetarians see red|date=29 October 2004|work=The Age|access-date=22 August 2010|agency=AAP|location=Melbourne|archive-date=4 November 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101104080429/http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/10/29/1098992287581.html|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://www.vegetarian.ie/bee.htm |title=Results of Irish Brewery Survey 1999 |year=1999 |publisher=Vegetarian Society |access-date=22 August 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101110002326/http://www.vegetarian.ie/bee.htm |archive-date=10 November 2010 }}{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2007/may/15/foodanddrink.uk | location=London | work=The Guardian | first=Laura | last=Barton | title=Veggies beware! | date=15 May 2007 | access-date=14 December 2016 | archive-date=28 October 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161028083746/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2007/may/15/foodanddrink.uk | url-status=live }} Diageo announced in February 2018 that the use of isinglass

in draught Guinness was to be discontinued and an alternative clarification agent would be used instead, making the drink acceptable to vegans and vegetarians.{{cn|date=October 2024}}

File:Guinness.jpg

Arguably its biggest change to date, in 1959 Guinness began using nitrogen, which changed the fundamental texture and flavour of the Guinness of the past as nitrogen bubbles are much smaller than CO₂,{{Cite web |date=2017-06-09 |title=10 Things You Didn't Know About Guinness |url=https://vinepair.com/articles/10-things-didnt-know-guinness/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=VinePair |language=en-US |archive-date=20 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220520041624/https://vinepair.com/articles/10-things-didnt-know-guinness/ |url-status=live }} giving a "creamier" and "smoother" consistency over a sharper and traditional CO₂ taste. This step was taken after Michael Ash—a mathematician turned brewer—discovered the mechanism to make this possible.{{Cite web |last=morningadvertiser.co.uk |title=The man who created the nitro stout |url=https://www.morningadvertiser.co.uk/Article/2016/05/17/The-man-who-created-the-nitro-stout |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=morningadvertiser.co.uk |date=16 May 2016 |language=en-GB |archive-date=13 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210513155922/https://www.morningadvertiser.co.uk/Article/2016/05/17/The-man-who-created-the-nitro-stout |url-status=live }}

Nitrogen is less soluble than carbon dioxide, which allows the beer to be put under high pressure without making it fizzy.{{Cite web |date=2000-08-16 |title=How Does the Beer Can Widget Work? |url=https://recipes.howstuffworks.com/question446.htm |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=HowStuffWorks |language=en-us |archive-date=26 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626084404/https://recipes.howstuffworks.com/question446.htm |url-status=live }} High pressure of the dissolved gas is required to enable very small bubbles to be formed by forcing the draught beer through fine holes in a plate in the tap, which causes the characteristic "surge" (the widget in cans and bottles achieves the same effect). This "widget" is a small plastic ball containing the nitrogen. The perceived smoothness of draught Guinness is due to its low level of carbon dioxide and the creaminess of the head caused by the very fine bubbles that arise from the use of nitrogen and the dispensing method described above. Foreign Extra Stout contains more carbon dioxide,{{cite web|date=16 February 2007|title=Guinness Storehouse FAQ – Does Guinness Draught use the same brewing recipe as Extra Stout?|url=https://www.guinness-storehouse.com/en/faq|access-date=19 December 2011|publisher=Guinness Storehouse|archive-date=6 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906023135/https://www.guinness-storehouse.com/en/faq|url-status=live}} causing a more acidic taste.{{cn|date=October 2024}}

Although Guinness is black, and is referred to as "the black stuff" in Diageo marketing,{{Cite news |title=Advertising the Black Stuff in Ireland 1959-1999: through a Guinness glass brightly |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/advertising-the-black-stuff-in-ireland-1959-1999-through-a-guinness-glass-brightly-1.4306112 |access-date=2022-06-29 |newspaper=The Irish Times |language=en |archive-date=29 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629015358/https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/advertising-the-black-stuff-in-ireland-1959-1999-through-a-guinness-glass-brightly-1.4306112 |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |last=O'Connor |first=Rachael |title=Remembering Arthur Guinness, creator of 'the black stuff', born on this day in 1725 |url=https://www.irishpost.com/entertainment/remembering-arthur-guinness-creator-of-the-black-stuff-born-on-this-day-in-1725-220719 |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=The Irish Post |archive-date=29 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629015358/https://www.irishpost.com/entertainment/remembering-arthur-guinness-creator-of-the-black-stuff-born-on-this-day-in-1725-220719 |url-status=live }} it is also "officially" referred to as a very dark shade of ruby.{{Cite web |title=Guinness Storehouse Factsheet |url=https://www.guinness-storehouse.com/content/pdf/factsheets/factsheet_pdf_10.pdf |website=Guinness Storehouse |access-date=29 June 2022 |archive-date=3 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703064755/https://www.guinness-storehouse.com/content/pdf/factsheets/factsheet_pdf_10.pdf |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title=Guinness Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) |url=https://www.guinness.com/en-us/frequently-asked-questions |website=Guinness.com |access-date=29 June 2022 |archive-date=29 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629222307/https://www.guinness.com/en-us/frequently-asked-questions |url-status=live }}

The most recent change in alcohol content from the Import Stout to the Extra Stout was due to a change in distribution through North American market. Consumer complaints influenced subsequent distribution and bottle changes.{{cite web|url=http://www.guinness.com/en-us/faqs.html |title=Frequently Asked Questions |work=Guinness.com |publisher=Guinness & Co. |access-date=22 June 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100826082454/http://www.guinness.com/en-us/faqs.html |archive-date=26 August 2010 }}

File:Duke of York, Belfast, July 2010 (01).JPG

Guinness ran an advertising campaign in the 1920s which stemmed from market research – when people told the company that they felt good after their pint – the slogan, created by Dorothy L. Sayers,{{cite book|author=Bill Yenne|title=Guinness: The 250 Year Quest for the Perfect Pint|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780470120521|url-access=registration|date=5 October 2007|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0-470-12052-1|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780470120521/page/102 102]–}}{{cite book|author=Brown Stephen|title=Selling Stories Successfully|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wt5_CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT7|date=10 January 2011|publisher=40K|isbn=978-88-6586-047-2|pages=7–|access-date=27 November 2018|archive-date=16 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316161508/https://books.google.com/books?id=Wt5_CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT7|url-status=live}} "Guinness is Good for You". Advertising for alcoholic drinks that implies improved physical performance or enhanced personal qualities is now prohibited in Ireland.{{cite web|url=http://www.asai.ie/entiresection.asp?Section_Num=7 |title=The Advertising Standards Authority for Ireland :: Alcoholic Drinks |publisher=Asai.ie |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319095003/http://www.asai.ie/entiresection.asp?Section_Num=7|archive-date=19 March 2015|url-status=dead|access-date=19 March 2016}}

A 2003 study found that stouts such as Guinness could have a benefit of helping to reduce the deposit of harmful cholesterol on artery walls. This was attributed to the higher levels of antioxidants in stouts than in lagers, though the health benefits of antioxidants have been called into question, and Diageo, the company that now manufactures Guinness, said: "We never make any medical claims for our drinks."{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/3266819.stm|title=Guinness could really be good for you|date=13 November 2003|work=BBC Online|publisher=BBC News|access-date=22 August 2010|archive-date=2 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120402210002/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3266819.stm|url-status=live}}{{Cite journal|vauthors=Mann LB, Folts JD |title=Effects of ethanol and other constituents of alcoholic beverages on coronary heart disease: a review |journal=Pathophysiology |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=105–12 |date=April 2004 |pmid=15006416 |doi=10.1016/j.pathophys.2003.10.011}}

File:Guinness Extra Stout and Guinness Draught.jpg

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{{anchor|Guinness Draught}}

Guinness stout is available in a number of variants and strengths, which include:

• Guinness Draught, the standard draught beer sold in kegs (but exist also a texture-like version in widget cans and bottles): 4.1 to 4.3% alcohol by volume (ABV); the Extra Cold is served through a super cooler at 3.5 °C (38.3 °F).[http://www.guinness.com/templates/GenericTemplate.aspx?NRMODE=Published&NRNODEGUID={1FF54FBE-B3D5-4C54-BBA2-25ED372434DE}&NRORIGINALURL=/gb_en/beer/extraCold/&NRCACHEHINT=Guest&allowAccess=4r7a6h&refUrl=http://www.guinness.com/templates/GenericTemplate.aspx?NRMODE=Published&NRNODEGUID=%7b1FF54FBE-B3D5-4C54-BBA2-25ED372434DE%7d&NRORIGINALURL=%2fgb_en%2fbeer%2fextraCold%2f&NRCACHEHINT=Guest&RhLanguage=en-gb&RhFlashEnabled=0&RhCountry=UK&RhYear=1931&RhRemDetails=True&RhReferer=landingpage.guinness.com&gatewayStatusCode=10&me=3yur1drwgadowlepvrcsqg45 Guinness website]{{dead link|date=February 2013}} Guinness Extra Cold
• Guinness Foreign Extra Stout: 7.5% ABV version sold in Europe, Africa, the Caribbean, Asia, and the United States. The basis is an unfermented but hopped Guinness wort extract shipped from Dublin, which is added to local ingredients and fermented locally. The strength can vary, for example, it is sold at 5% ABV in China, 6.5% ABV in Jamaica and East Africa, 6.8% in Malaysia, 7.5% in the United States, and 8% ABV in Singapore.{{cite web |url=http://www.apb.com.sg/abt-Mkts-Spore.html |title=APB: About APB: Our Markets: Singapore |date=2 March 2010 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100302072230/http://www.apb.com.sg/abt-Mkts-Spore.html |archive-date=2 March 2010 }}{{cite web |url=https://www.guinness.com/en-us/our-beers/guinness-foreign-extra-stout/ |title=Guinness® Foreign Extra Stout |website=Guinness |access-date=26 October 2018 |archive-date=5 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205144432/https://www.guinness.com/en-us/our-beers/guinness-foreign-extra-stout/ |url-status=live }} In Nigeria a proportion of sorghum is used. Foreign Extra Stout is blended with a small amount of intentionally soured beer. Formerly, it was blended with beer that soured naturally as a result of fermenting in ancient oak tuns with a Brettanomyces population; it is now made with pasteurised beer that has been soured bacterially.{{Cite book | last = Protz | first = R. | title = The Ale Trail | publisher = Eric Dobby Publishing | year = 1996 | location = Kent | pages = 174–176}} It was previously known as West Indies Porter, then Extra Stout and finally Foreign Extra Stout. It was first made available in the UK in 1990.
• Guinness Special Export Stout, Commissioned by John Martin of Belgium in 1912.{{cite web |title=Home |url=http://www.john-martin.be/ |website=Martin's |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090922042515/http://www.john-martin.be/ |archive-date=22 September 2009 }} The first variety of Guinness to be pasteurised, in 1930.Hughes, David A Bottle of Guinness Please, 2006 8% ABV.
• Guinness Bitter, an English-style bitter beer: 4.4% ABV.
• Guinness Extra Smooth, a smoother stout sold in Ghana, Cameroon and Nigeria: 5.5% ABV.
• Malta Guinness, a non-alcoholic sweet drink, produced in Nigeria and exported to the UK, East Africa, and Malaysia.
• Guinness Zero ABV, a non-alcoholic beverage sold in Indonesia.{{cite news |url= http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/life/food-drink/guinness-zero-diageo-tests-alcohol-free-stout-31491037.html |title= Guinness Zero: Diageo tests alcohol free stout |work= Belfast Telegraph |date= 31 August 2015 |access-date= 4 June 2016 |archive-date= 5 August 2016 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160805020246/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/life/food-drink/guinness-zero-diageo-tests-alcohol-free-stout-31491037.html |url-status= live }}
• Guinness Mid-Strength, a low-alcohol stout test-marketed in Limerick, Ireland in March 2006{{cite web|url=http://archives.tcm.ie/irishexaminer/2006/02/09/story365652434.asp |title=Low alcohol Guinness Stout |publisher=Archives.tcm.ie |date=9 February 2006 |access-date=19 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090503120053/http://archives.tcm.ie/irishexaminer/2006/02/09/story365652434.asp |archive-date=3 May 2009 }} and Dublin from May 2007:[http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2007/0505/1178204443816.html Weaker stout designed to pull Guinness out of a slump] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120312055401/http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2007/0505/1178204443816.html |date=12 March 2012 }} Irish Times 2.8% ABV.
• Guinness Red, brewed in exactly the same way as Guinness except that the barley is only lightly roasted so that it produces a lighter, slightly fruitier red ale; test-marketed in Britain in February 2007: 4% ABV.{{cite web |url=http://www.guinness.com/en-gb/thebeer-red.html |website=Guinness.com |title=Guinness Red |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130307230153/http://www.guinness.com/en-gb/thebeer-red.html |archive-date=7 March 2013 }}
• 250 Anniversary Stout, released in the U.S., Australia and Singapore on 24 April 2009;{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna30093096 |title=Guinness to offer new stout for limited time |date=7 April 2009 |publisher=NBC News |access-date=19 December 2011 |archive-date=17 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017170754/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/30093096 |url-status=live }} 5% ABV.
• Guinness West Indies, a Porter which imitates the 1801 variety with notes of toffee and chocolate: 6% ABV.

In October 2005, Guinness announced the Brewhouse Series, a limited-edition collection of draught stouts available for roughly six months each. There were three beers in the series.

• Brew 39 was sold in Dublin from late 2005 until early 2006. It had the same alcohol content (ABV) as Guinness Draught, used the same gas mix and settled in the same way, but had a slightly different taste. Many found it to be lighter in taste, somewhat closer to Beamish stout than standard Irish Guinness.{{cite web |url=http://www.corkarchives.ie/ |title=Cork City and County Archives |at=footnote 39 |access-date=26 October 2018 |archive-date=16 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016203822/http://corkarchives.ie/ |url-status=live }} The Beamish & Crawford Brewery was established in 1792 in the City of Cork, and was bought by Guinness in 1833.{{cite web |url=http://www.corkarchives.ie/ |title=Cork City and County Archives |access-date=26 October 2018 |archive-date=16 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016203822/http://corkarchives.ie/ |url-status=live }}
• Toucan Brew was introduced in May 2006. It was named after the cartoon toucan used in many Guinness advertisements. This beer had a crisper taste with a slightly sweet aftertaste due to its triple-hopped brewing process.
• North Star was introduced in October 2006 and sold into late 2007. Three million pints of North Star were sold in the latter half of 2007.{{cite web|url=http://www.barkeeper.ie/News_Item.asp?News_ID=1246 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111094241/http://www.barkeeper.ie/News_Item.asp?News_ID=1246 |url-status=dead |archive-date=11 January 2009 |title=Guinness sales rally for Diageo in |publisher=Barkeeper.ie |date=23 February 2008 |access-date=19 December 2011 }}

Despite an announcement in June 2007 that the fourth Brewhouse stout would be launched in October that year,{{cite web|url=http://www.barkeeper.ie/News_Item.asp?News_ID=827 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714020544/http://www.barkeeper.ie/News_Item.asp?News_ID=827 |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 July 2007 |title=Guinness to launch fourth in brewhouse series |publisher=Barkeeper.ie |date=27 June 2007 |access-date=19 December 2011 }} no new beer appeared and, at the end of 2007, the Brewhouse series appeared to have been quietly cancelled.

From early 2006, Guinness marketed a "surger" unit in Britain.{{cite web | url = https://www.marketingweek.com/guinness-unveils-perfect-pint-to-reverse-poor-sales/ | publisher = Marketing Week | website = marketingweek.com | title = Guinness unveils 'perfect pint' to reverse poor sales | date = 23 February 2006 | access-date = 9 September 2020 | archive-date = 20 January 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220120180319/https://www.marketingweek.com/guinness-unveils-perfect-pint-to-reverse-poor-sales/ | url-status = live }} This surger device, marketed for use with cans consumed at home, was "said to activate the gases in the canned beer" by sending an "ultra-sonic pulse through the pint glass" sitting upon the device.{{cite web | url = https://www.irishexaminer.com/news/arid-10057102.html | publisher = Irish Examiner | website = irishexaminer.com | title = Mine's a pint of plain and a surger please | date = 23 February 2006 | access-date = 9 September 2020 | archive-date = 28 January 2022 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220128100919/https://www.irishexaminer.com/news/arid-10057102.html | url-status = live }}

Withdrawn Guinness variants include Guinness's Brite Lager, Guinness's Brite Ale, Guinness Light, Guinness XXX Extra Strong Stout, Guinness Cream Stout, Guinness Milk Stout, Guinness Irish Wheat,{{Cite web |title=Guinness Releases Guinness Irish Wheat and Guinness Milk Stout |url=https://brewpublic.com/beer-releases/guinness-releases-guinness-irish-wheat-and-guinness-milk-stout/ |access-date=2022-08-24 |website=brewpublic.com |date=17 March 2017 |archive-date=25 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525064717/https://brewpublic.com/beer-releases/guinness-releases-guinness-irish-wheat-and-guinness-milk-stout/ |url-status=live }} Guinness Gold, Guinness Pilsner, Guinness Breó (a slightly citrusy wheat beer), Guinness Shandy, and Guinness Special Light.{{cite news|last1=Ó Briain|first1=Mícheál|title=Space Age Launch for Guinness Light 1979|url=http://www.rte.ie/archives/2014/0626/626466-space-age-launch-for-guinness-light-1979/|access-date=13 March 2015|work=RTÉ Archives|publisher=RTÉ|date=26 June 1979|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402151001/http://www.rte.ie/archives/2014/0626/626466-space-age-launch-for-guinness-light-1979/|url-status=live}}

Breó (meaning 'glow' in Irish){{cite web|url=http://www.teanglann.ie/en/fgb/breo|title=breo, n|publisher=teanglann.ie|access-date=21 March 2017|archive-date=15 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115171844/http://www.teanglann.ie/en/fgb/breo|url-status=live}} was a wheat beer; it cost around IR£5 million to develop.{{Cite web |last=Dunne |first=Alex |date=2021-06-07 |title=Remembering Guinness Breo - a short-lived, unloved beer from the iconic company |url=https://www.dublinlive.ie/whats-on/food-drink-news/guinness-breo-jamesnesbitt-drinking-pubs-20716306 |access-date=2022-12-24 |website=DublinLive |language=en |archive-date=24 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221224040930/https://www.dublinlive.ie/whats-on/food-drink-news/guinness-breo-jamesnesbitt-drinking-pubs-20716306 |url-status=live }}

A brewing byproduct of Guinness, Guinness Yeast Extract (GYE), was produced until the 1950s. In the UK, a HP Guinness Sauce was manufactured by Heinz and available as of 2013.{{cite web|url=http://www.heinz.co.uk/sauce-partners/hp-sauce/products/hp-guinness |title=Sauce Partners – HP Guinness |publisher=Heinz.co.uk |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130310083640/https://www.heinz.co.uk/sauce-partners/hp-sauce/products/hp-guinness | archive-date = 10 March 2013 }}

In March 2010, Guinness began test marketing Guinness Black Lager, a new black lager, in Northern Ireland and Malaysia.{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5h2XINjU-HXj6VdnGYVTsK8d3stIQ|title=Guinness trials new black lager in Malaysia|publisher=Agence France-Presse|date=23 March 2010|access-date=23 March 2010|archive-date=26 March 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100326120025/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5h2XINjU-HXj6VdnGYVTsK8d3stIQ|url-status=dead}} As of September 2010, Guinness Black Lager is no longer readily available in Malaysia. In October 2010, Guinness began selling Foreign Extra Stout in 4 packs of bottles in the United States.{{cite web |author=Pete |url=http://seattlebeernews.com/?p=3291 |title=Grab A Beer: Guinness Foreign Extra Stout |publisher=Seattlebeernews.com |date=11 October 2010 |access-date=16 June 2011 |archive-date=16 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716025458/http://seattlebeernews.com/?p=3291 |url-status=live }}

File:Guinness Blonde American Lager.jpg

In 2014, Guinness released Guinness Blonde, a lager brewed in Latrobe, Pennsylvania using a combination of Guinness yeast and American ingredients.{{cite web|url=https://money.cnn.com/2014/09/05/news/companies/guinness-new-beer/index.html|title=Guinness to sell American style lager in U.S. market|first=Ben|last=Rooney|date=5 September 2014|website=CNNMoney|access-date=3 August 2020|archive-date=12 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812072339/https://money.cnn.com/2014/09/05/news/companies/guinness-new-beer/index.html|url-status=live}} When Guinness opened their new brewery in Baltimore, Maryland in August 2018 they recreated "Blonde" to "Baltimore Blonde" by adjusting the grain mixture and adding Citra for a citrus flavour and removed the Mosaic hops.{{Cite web|url=https://www.guinness.com/en-us/our-beers/guinness-baltimore-blonde/|title=Guinness® Baltimore Blonde|access-date=28 August 2021|archive-date=31 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731122355/https://www.guinness.com/en-us/our-beers/guinness-baltimore-blonde/|url-status=live}}

Guinness released a lager in 2015 called Hop House 13.{{cite web|url=https://verve.ie/portfolio/hophouse-13-launch/|title=Hop House 13 launch|website=verve.ie|access-date=20 May 2019|archive-date=7 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200707032713/https://verve.ie/portfolio/hophouse-13-launch/|url-status=dead}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.guinness.com/en-us/our-beers/guinness-hop-house-13-lager/|title=Guinness® Hop House 13 Lager|website=www.guinness.com|language=en-US|access-date=6 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180206190253/https://www.guinness.com/en-us/our-beers/guinness-hop-house-13-lager/|archive-date=6 February 2018|url-status=dead}} It was withdrawn from sale in the UK in May 2021, following poor sales, but remains on sale in Ireland.{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/business/agribusiness-and-food/hop-house-13-to-live-on-locally-after-being-axed-in-britain-1.4553642|title=Hop House 13 to live on locally after being axed in Britain|last=Taylor|first=Charlie|publisher=The Irish Times|date=3 May 2021|access-date=6 May 2021|archive-date=3 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503154354/https://www.irishtimes.com/business/agribusiness-and-food/hop-house-13-to-live-on-locally-after-being-axed-in-britain-1.4553642|url-status=live}}

In 2020, Guinness announced the introduction of a zero alcohol canned stout, Guinness 0.0.{{cite news |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/pint-lovers-may-be-spinning-at-the-notion-conor-pope-tries-alcohol-free-guinness-1.4389781 |title=Pint lovers may be spinning at the notion: Conor Pope tries alcohol-free Guinness |publisher=The Irish Times |date=23 October 2020 |access-date=24 October 2020 |archive-date=23 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023211517/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/pint-lovers-may-be-spinning-at-the-notion-conor-pope-tries-alcohol-free-guinness-1.4389781 |url-status=live }} It was withdrawn from sale almost immediately after launch, due to contamination.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/nov/11/guinness-recalls-non-alcoholic-stout-over-contamination-fears|title=Guinness recalls non-alcoholic stout over contamination fears|last=Smithers|first=Rebecca|work=The Guardian|date=11 November 2020|access-date=6 May 2021|archive-date=17 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210317123710/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/nov/11/guinness-recalls-non-alcoholic-stout-over-contamination-fears|url-status=live}} It was relaunched in 2021 starting with pubs in mid July with cans following in late August.{{Cite web|url=https://www.hospitalityireland.com/drinks/guinness-announces-irish-launch-of-guinness-0-0-non-alcoholic-beer-136199|title=Guinness Announces Irish Launch of Guinness 0.0 Non-Alcoholic Beer|date=11 June 2021 |access-date=5 November 2021|archive-date=5 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105164342/https://www.hospitalityireland.com/drinks/guinness-announces-irish-launch-of-guinness-0-0-non-alcoholic-beer-136199|url-status=live}}

In September 2021, Guinness Nitrosurge was released in pint sized cans which contain no widget. Similar to the Surger, nitrogen is activated using ultrasonic frequencies. Nitrosurge uses a special device attached to the top of the can which activates the nitrogen as it is being poured.{{Cite web|url=https://nitrosurge.guinness.com/explore-nitrosurge|title=Guinness NITROSURGE|access-date=5 November 2021|archive-date=5 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105165358/https://nitrosurge.guinness.com/explore-nitrosurge|url-status=live}}

Before the 1960s, when Guinness adopted a system of delivery using a nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas mixture, all beer leaving the brewery was cask-conditioned. Casks newly delivered to many small pubs were often nearly unmanageably frothy, but cellar space and rapid turnover demanded that they be put into use before they could sit for long enough to settle down. As a result, a glass would be part filled with the fresh, frothy beer, allowed to stand a minute, and then topped up with beer from a cask that had been pouring longer and had calmed down a bit.{{cite web|url=http://www.taleofale.com/2011/07/beer-myths.html|title=Beer Myths|website=Tale of Ale|access-date=15 January 2018|archive-date=16 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116082543/http://www.taleofale.com/2011/07/beer-myths.html|url-status=live}} With the move to nitrogen gas dispensing in the 1960s, it was felt important to keep the two-stage pour ritual in order to bring better consumer acceptance of the change. As Guinness has not been cask-conditioned for decades, the two-stage pour has been labelled a marketing ploy that does not actually affect the beer's taste.[https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/the-guinness-two-part-pour-is-just-a-marketing-ploy-1.3436716?mode=amp The Guinness two-part pour is just a marketing ploy: It doesn’t matter how you put stout into a glass, the result is the same] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190308002931/https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/the-guinness-two-part-pour-is-just-a-marketing-ploy-1.3436716?mode=amp |date=8 March 2019 }} The Irish Times, Dan Griffin, 31 March 2018

File:Guinness Glass 2010.jpg

File:Guinness Pour & Serve.webm

The manufacturer recommends a "double pour" serve, which according to Diageo should take two minutes.[http://www.guinness-storehouse.com/en/pdfs/factsheets/factsheet_pdf_11.pdf Factsheet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405171303/http://www.guinness-storehouse.com/en/pdfs/factsheets/factsheet_pdf_11.pdf |date=5 April 2017 }}, PDF, Guinness Breweries.[https://www.kegworks.com/blog/how-to-pour-a-guinness-the-right-way-but-does-it-really-matter/ How to Pour a Guinness the Right Way... But Does it Really Matter?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190307112335/https://www.kegworks.com/blog/how-to-pour-a-guinness-the-right-way-but-does-it-really-matter/ |date=7 March 2019 }} Kegworks, 26 February 2019 Guinness has promoted this wait with advertising campaigns such as "good things come to those who wait".{{Cite web |title=World's best ads ever #39: Guinness debuts 'Good Things Come to Those Who Wait' in 'Swim Black' |url=https://www.thedrum.com/news/2022/06/14/world-s-best-ads-ever-39-guinness-debuts-good-things-come-those-who-wait-swim-black |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=The Drum |archive-date=29 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629020627/https://www.thedrum.com/news/2022/06/14/world-s-best-ads-ever-39-guinness-debuts-good-things-come-those-who-wait-swim-black |url-status=live }}

The brewer recommends that draught Guinness should be served at 6-7 °C (42.8 °F),{{Cite web |title=Guinness WebStore |url=https://www.guinnesswebstore.com/ |access-date=2022-06-29 |website=www.guinnesswebstore.com |language=en |archive-date=26 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220626043353/https://guinnesswebstore.com/ |url-status=live }} while Extra Cold Guinness should be served at 3.5 °C (38.6 °F).{{cite web|url=http://www.guinness.com/gb_en/beer/extraCold/ |title=Guinness |date=5 December 2008 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205080059/http://www.guinness.com/gb_en/beer/extraCold/ |archive-date=5 December 2008 }} Before the 21st century, it was popular to serve Guinness at cellar temperature (about 13 °C) and some drinkers preferred it at room temperature (about 20 °C).{{cite web|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/cold-comfort-for-guinness-drinkers-1.160225|title=Cold comfort for Guinness drinkers|publisher=The Irish Times|date=6 March 1999|access-date=10 July 2018|archive-date=10 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180710195554/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/cold-comfort-for-guinness-drinkers-1.160225|url-status=live}}

According to Esquire magazine, a pint of Guinness should be served in a slightly tulip-shaped pint glass,{{Cite magazine|last=Murray|first=Fergal|date=12 March 2007|title=How to Pour the Perfect Guinness|magazine=Esquire|url=http://www.esquire.com/the-side/opinion/guinness031207|access-date=30 December 2007|archive-date=21 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110621075516/http://www.esquire.com/the-side/opinion/guinness031207|url-status=live}} rather than the taller European tulip or 'Nonic' glass, which contains a ridge approx 3/4 of the way up the glass. To begin the pour, the server holds the glass at a 45° angle below the tap and fills the glass 3/4 full. On the way out of the tap, the beer is forced at high speed through a five-hole disc restrictor plate at the end of the tap, creating friction and forcing the creation of small nitrogen bubbles which form a creamy head. The server brings the glass from 45° angle to a vertical position.{{Cite web |last=Kundu |first=Suze |title=The Science Behind Pouring The Perfect Pint Of Guinness |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/sujatakundu/2016/03/11/the-science-behind-pouring-the-perfect-pint-of-guinness/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=Forbes |language=en |archive-date=20 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200420110921/https://www.forbes.com/sites/sujatakundu/2016/03/11/the-science-behind-pouring-the-perfect-pint-of-guinness/ |url-status=live }} After allowing the initial pour to settle, the server pushes the tap handle back and fills the remainder of the glass until the head forms a slight dome over the top of the glass (or "just proud of the rim").{{Cite web |title=Diageo Bar Academy {{!}} TOP TIPS FOR SERVING THE PERFECT PINT OF GUINNESS |url=https://www.diageobaracademy.com/bar-skills/drinks-techniques-tools/drinks-techniques-tools-articles/how_to_pour_the_perfect_pint/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.diageobaracademy.com |archive-date=16 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316161534/https://www.diageobaracademy.com/en_zz/bar-skills/drinks-techniques-tools/drinks-techniques-tools-articles/how_to_pour_the_perfect_pint/ |url-status=live }}

In 2010, Guinness redesigned their pint glass for the first time in a decade. The new glass was taller and narrower than the previous one and featured a bevel design. The new glasses were planned to gradually replace the old ones.{{cite web |url=http://www.morningadvertiser.co.uk/news.ma/article/86618?PagingData=Po_0~Ps_10~Psd_Asc |title=New Guinness Glass Design |publisher=Morningadvertiser.co.uk |access-date=19 December 2011 |archive-date=11 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611014557/https://www.morningadvertiser.co.uk/Article/2010/04/09/New-Guinness-glass-revealed?PagingData=Po_0~Ps_10~Psd_Asc |url-status=dead }} Guinness recommends that, to avoid the bitter taste of the nitrogen foam head, gulps should be taken from the glass rather than sipping the drink.[https://vinepair.com/wine-blog/the-proper-way-to-drink-a-guinness/ The Proper Way to Drink a Guinness]. VinePair. Retrieved 9 November 2023. {{fv|reason=Where, in this source, is this 'recommendation' attributed to Guinness?|date=November 2023}}[https://www.businessinsider.com/how-to-drink-and-pour-the-perfect-guinness-in-6-steps-2013-11?op=1&r=US&IR=T You Have Probably Been Pouring And Drinking A Guinness The Wrong Way Your Entire Life]. Business Insider. 4 November 2013. Retrieved 9 November 2023.

A practice known as "splitting the G" has been an entry on the Urban Dictionary website since 2018.[https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Split%20the%20G Split the G]. Urban Dictionary. Retrieved 9 November 2023. This drinking game sees the drinker attempt to bring the liquid level of the Guinness to sit at a certain level in relation to the glass' Guinness branding. Variants of the practice see the required liquid level as either: between the letter 'G', on the horizontal line of the 'G', or between the 'G' and the harp logo.[https://www.tastingtable.com/1030107/everything-you-need-to-know-about-guinness/ Everything You Need To Know About Guinness]. Tasting Table. 28 September 2022. Retrieved 9 November 2023.[https://www.independent.co.uk/indy-eats/st-patricks-day-guinness-how-to-pour-b2302574.html St Patrick’s Day: How to pour the perfect pint of Guinness]. The Independent. 17 March 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.

When Guinness is poured, the gas bubbles appear to travel downwards in the glass.{{cite web|url=http://www.chem.ed.ac.uk/guinness/faq.html |title=Do bubbles in Guinness go down? |last1=Andy |first1=Alexander |last2=Zare |first2=Dick |year=2004 |publisher=University of Edinburgh, School of Chemistry |access-date=22 August 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091030054956/http://www.chem.ed.ac.uk/guinness/faq.html |archive-date=30 October 2009 }} The effect is attributed to drag; bubbles that touch the walls of a glass are slowed in their travel upwards. Bubbles in the centre of the glass are, however, free to rise to the surface, and thus form a rising column of bubbles. The rising bubbles create a current by the entrainment of the surrounding fluid. As beer rises in the centre, the beer near the outside of the glass falls. This downward flow pushes the bubbles near the glass towards the bottom. Although the effect occurs in any liquid, it is particularly noticeable in any dark nitrogen stout, as the drink combines dark-coloured liquid and light-coloured bubbles.{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/3516100.stm|title=Science proves beer bubbles sink|date=16 March 2004|work=BBC Online|publisher=BBC News|access-date=22 August 2010|archive-date=22 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922234510/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/3516100.stm|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://www.fluent.com/about/news/pr/pr5.htm|title=Technology Settles Longstanding Debate: Do Bubbles in a Glass of Guinness Go Down?|date=21 December 1999|publisher=ANSYS, Inc.|access-date=22 August 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101126162442/http://www.fluent.com/about/news/pr/pr5.htm|archive-date=26 November 2010}}

A study published in 2012 revealed that the effect is due to the particular shape of the glass coupled with the small bubble size found in stout beers.{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-18247680|title=Falling stout bubbles explained|date=29 May 2012|work=BBC Online|publisher=BBC News|access-date=30 July 2012|archive-date=16 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316161500/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-18247680|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://www3.ul.ie/wlee/sinking_bubbles.html|title=Sinking Bubbles in Stout Beers|last1=Benilov|first1=Eugene|last2=Cummins|first2=Cathal|last3=Lee|first3=William|year=2012|publisher=University of Limerick, School of Mathematics and Statistics|access-date=30 July 2012|archive-date=18 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120818132833/http://www3.ul.ie/wlee/sinking_bubbles.html|url-status=dead}} If the vessel widens with height, then bubbles will sink along the walls – this is the case for the standard pint glass. Conversely, in an anti-pint (i.e. if the vessel narrows with height) bubbles will rise along the walls.{{YouTube|id=EEtKZ2wJhNk|title="Why do bubbles in Guinness sink? – Cathal Cummins – MACSI"}}

The Guinness harp motif is modelled on the Trinity College harp. It was adopted in 1862 by the incumbent proprietor, Benjamin Lee Guinness. Harps have been a symbol of Ireland at least since the reign of Henry VIII. Guinness registered their harp as a trademark shortly after the passing of the Trade Marks Registration Act of 1875. It faces right instead of left, and so can be distinguished from the Irish coat of arms.{{cite book |last=Yenne |first=Bill |title=Guinness: The 250 Year Quest for the Perfect Pint |year=2007 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-0-470-12052-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780470120521/page/38 38] |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780470120521|url-access=registration |quote=the specific harp that benjamin lee chose. }}

Since the 1930s, in the face of falling sales, Guinness has had a long history of marketing campaigns, from television advertisements to beer mats and posters. Before then, Guinness had almost no advertising, instead allowing word of mouth to sell the product.{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/an-evolution-of-guinness-advertising-2012-3|title=250 YEARS OF GENIUS: A Look At The Evolution Of Guinness Advertising|last=Russell|first=Mallory|website=Business Insider|access-date=10 January 2020|archive-date=1 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801081403/https://www.businessinsider.com/an-evolution-of-guinness-advertising-2012-3|url-status=live}}

File:Bunratty Park-60-Guiness is good for you-1989-gje.jpg from the 1920s to the 1960s{{Cite web |url=https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/news/guinness-good-you |title=Royal College of Physicians. Guinness is good for you? |access-date=6 February 2020 |archive-date=11 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211121018/https://www.rcplondon.ac.uk/news/guinness-good-you |url-status=live }}]]

File:International Piccadilly- Overseas Troops in London, 1942 D9794.jpg, London]]

The most notable and recognisable series of advertisements was created by S. H. Benson's advertising, primarily drawn by the artist John Gilroy, in the 1930s and 1940s. Benson created posters that included phrases such as "Guinness for Strength", "Lovely Day for a Guinness", "Guinness Makes You Strong", "My Goodness My Guinness" (or, alternatively, "My Goodness, My Christmas, It's Guinness!"), and most famously, "Guinness Is Good for You".

The posters featured Gilroy's distinctive artwork and more often than not featured animals such as a kangaroo, ostrich, seal, lion and notably a toucan, which has become as much a symbol of Guinness as the harp. (An advertisement from the 1940s ran with the following jingle: "Toucans in their nests agree/Guinness is good for you/Try some today and see/What one or toucan do.") Dorothy L. Sayers and R. A. Bevan copywriters at Benson's also worked on the campaign; a biography of Sayers notes that she created a sketch of the toucan and wrote several of the adverts in question. Guinness advertising paraphernalia, notably the pastiche booklets illustrated by Ronald Ferns, attract high prices on the collectable market.{{Cite book| last = Griffiths | first = Mark| title = Guinness is Guinness: The Colourful Story of a Black and White Brand | publisher = Cyan Communications |year=2004 | isbn = 0-9542829-4-9 }}{{Page needed|date=August 2010}}

File:Part of a 1968 advertising sheet for Guinness after they established a brewery in Sierra Leone (West Africa) (1727997539).jpg, 1968 after the company established a brewery in West Africa]]

Many of the best known Guinness television advertisements of the 1970s and 1980s were created by British director, Len Fulford.{{cite news |first=Phil |last=Davison |title=Len Fulford: Director behind the 'Go to work on an egg' and Guinness 'toucan' commercials |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/len-fulford-director-behind-the-go-to-work-on-an-egg-and-guinness-toucan-commercials-6282930.html |work=The Independent |date=30 December 2011 |access-date=5 January 2012 |location=London |archive-date=5 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120105015019/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/len-fulford-director-behind-the-go-to-work-on-an-egg-and-guinness-toucan-commercials-6282930.html |url-status=dead }} In 1983, a conscious marketing decision was made to turn Guinness into a "cult" beer in the UK, amidst declining sales.{{cite journal|title=New chief for Watney Mann (Business Appointments) |journal=The Times |date= 18 January 1983|page= 19, col A| issue =61433}} The move halted the sales decline.

The Guardian described the management of the brand: "They've spent years now building a brand that's in complete opposition to cheap lagers, session drinking and crowds of young men boozing in bars. They've worked very hard to help Guinness drinkers picture themselves as twinkly-eyed, Byronic bar-room intellectuals, sitting quietly with a pint and dreaming of poetry and impossibly lovely redheads running barefoot across the peat. You have a pint or two of Guinness with a slim volume of Yeats, not eight mates and a 19-pint bender which ends in tattoos, A&E [the ED] and herpes from a hen party."{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2009/sep/17/guinness-mid-strength-trial | location=London | work=The Guardian | first=Tim | last=Hayward | title='Guinness mid-strength' on trial | date=17 September 2009 | access-date=14 December 2016 | archive-date=15 March 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315130952/http://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2009/sep/17/guinness-mid-strength-trial | url-status=live }}

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, in the UK, there was a series of "darkly" humorous adverts, featuring actor Rutger Hauer, with the theme "Pure Genius", extolling its qualities in brewing and target market.{{Cite web |date=2019-06-13 |title=The Best Ever Guinness Adverts? Guinness Pure Genius & Surfer |url=https://seikk.co.uk/best-ever-guinness-adverts/ |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=SEIKK |language=en |archive-date=22 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522101619/https://seikk.co.uk/best-ever-guinness-adverts/ |url-status=live }}

The 1994–1995 Anticipation campaign, featuring actor Joe McKinney dancing to "Guaglione" by Pérez Prado while his pint settled, led to the song being re-released and becoming a number one hit in Ireland and reaching number two in the UK.{{cite web | url = http://ukcharts.20m.com/inst1.html | title = Instrumentals at Number One | work = UK Chart Facts & Feats | date = 24 April 2003 | accessdate = 1 November 2007 | archive-date = 27 October 2007 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071027071454/http://ukcharts.20m.com/inst1.html | url-status = live }}

From 1999 to 2006, the Michael Power advertising character was the cornerstone of a major marketing campaign to promote Guinness products in Africa. The character, played by Cleveland Mitchell, was portrayed to have been born in Jamaica and raised in Great Britain.{{cite news | url=http://www.radiotimes.com/film/c2m96/critical-assignment | title=Critical Assignment | first=David | last=Parkinson | work=RadioTimes | access-date=31 July 2016 | archive-date=22 August 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822033429/http://www.radiotimes.com/film/c2m96/critical-assignment | url-status=dead }} By 2003, it became one of the best-known alcohol advertising campaigns in Africa. Jo Foster of the BBC referred to Power as "Africa's very own 'James Bond'".{{cite news|author=Foster, Jo|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2956043.stm|title=Africa's very own 'James Bond'|work=BBC|date=17 April 2003|access-date=12 August 2017|archive-date=31 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110131091607/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2956043.stm|url-status=live}}

File:Ballyshannon-30-Market Str-Guinness 2a-2017-gje.jpg, County Donegal, Ireland]]

In 2000, Guinness's 1999 advertisement Surfer was named the best television commercial of all time, in a UK poll conducted by The Sunday Times and Channel 4. This advertisement is inspired by the famous 1980s Guinness TV and cinema ad, Big Wave, centred on a surfer riding a wave while a bikini-clad sunbather takes photographs. The 1980s advertisement not only remained a popular iconic image in its own right; it also entered the Irish cultural memory through inspiring a well-known line in Christy Moore's song "Delirium Tremens" (1985). Surfer was produced by the advertising agency Abbott Mead Vickers BBDO; the advertisement can be downloaded from their website.{{cite web|title=Award-winning 'Surfer' advert |url=http://www.amvbbdo.com/tv_video/Guiness_surfer.mov |website=amvbbdo.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080626053549/http://www.amvbbdo.com/tv_video/Guiness_surfer.mov |archive-date=26 June 2008 }}

Guinness won the 2001 Clio Award as the Advertiser of the Year, citing the work of five separate ad agencies around the world.{{Cite news|url=http://www.clioawards.com/press/index.cfm?year=2001&pressid=154|title=CLIO Awards, One of the World's Most Prestigious Industry Competitions, Announces Winners for the 2010 Interactive & Innovative Awards in New York City|date=27 May 2010|publisher=CLIO Awards|access-date=22 August 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110515015102/http://www.clioawards.com/press/index.cfm?year=2001&pressid=154|archive-date=15 May 2011|url-status=dead}}

In 2002, Guinness applied the Michael Power formula to Asia with the character Adam King.{{cite news|url=http://www.bdafrica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2440&Itemid=5843|work=Business Daily|title=Guinness courts football fans in new campaign|author=Waithaka, Wanjiru|date=30 August 2007|access-date=15 June 2019|archive-date=27 September 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080927061711/http://www.bdafrica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2440&Itemid=5843|url-status=live}} The campaign featured such tag lines as: "Everyday someone, somewhere achieves something new. Sometimes on a grand, dramatic scale. Sometimes on a more personal scale." As of 2004, Guinness ranked among the top three beer labels in Singapore and Malaysia, with a 20 per cent market share across Southeast Asia. Malaysia was the brand's third-largest market in the region and the sixth largest market worldwide.{{cite news|work=BrandRepublic|title=Southeast Asia: Guinness steps up beer label war with Adam King|date=27 August 2004|author=White, Amy|url=http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/220537/southeast-asia-guinness-steps-beer-label-war-adam-king|access-date=15 June 2019|archive-date=5 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305020047/http://www.brandrepublic.com/article/220537/southeast-asia-guinness-steps-beer-label-war-adam-king|url-status=live}}

In 2003, the Guinness TV campaign featuring Tom Crean won the gold Shark Award at the International Advertising Festival of Ireland,{{cite web|url=http://www.iapi.ie/sharks/downloads/winlist03.pdf |website=International Advertising Festival of Ireland |date=2003 |title=Sharks Award Winners 2003 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303222544/http://www.iapi.ie/sharks/downloads/winlist03.pdf |archive-date=3 March 2009 }} while in 2005 their Irish Christmas campaign won a silver Shark.{{cite web|url=http://www.iapi.ie/sharks/downloads/winlist05.pdf |website=International Advertising Festival of Ireland |date=2005 |title=Winners of the 43rd Shark Awards 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303222544/http://www.iapi.ie/sharks/downloads/winlist05.pdf |archive-date=3 March 2009 }} This TV ad has been run every Christmas since its debut in December 2004 and features pictures of snow falling in places around Ireland finishing at St. James's Gate Brewery with the line: "Even at the home of the black stuff they dream of a white one".{{cite web|last1=Gordon|first1=Caoimhe|title=The best Christmas adverts|url=http://trinitynews.ie/the-best-christmas-adverts/|website=Trinity News|date=21 December 2015 |access-date=3 September 2016|archive-date=16 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916083913/http://trinitynews.ie/the-best-christmas-adverts/|url-status=live}}{{cite web|title=Irish International Christmas Guinness|url=https://www.irishinternational.com/project/christmas|website=Irish International|access-date=3 September 2016|archive-date=24 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160924061547/https://www.irishinternational.com/project/christmas|url-status=live}}

The UK commercial "noitulovE", first broadcast in October 2005, was one of the most-awarded commercials worldwide in 2006.{{cite book|author1=Gunn, D. |author2=Wilkie, E.|title=The Gunn Report and Showreel of the Year |edition=8th |publisher=FlaxmanWilkie|date= 30 November 2006|isbn=978-0-9551646-1-3|title-link=Gunn Report}} In 2006, Diageo, owner of the Guinness brand, replaced the Michael Power campaign with the "Guinness Greatness" campaign, which they claim emphasises the "drop of greatness" in everyone, in contrast to the high-tension heroics of the Power character.

Guinness's 2007 advertisement, directed by Nicolai Fuglsig and filmed in Argentina, is entitled "Tipping Point". It involves a large-scale domino chain reaction and, with a budget of £10 million, was the most expensive advertisement by the company at that point.{{Cite news|url=http://news.sky.com/skynews/article/0,,30400-1291956,00.html |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090628013350/http://news.sky.com/skynews/article/0%2C%2C30400-1291956%2C00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=28 June 2009 |title=Drinks Giant Raises A Glass To New Advert |date=8 November 2007 |work=Sky News |publisher=British Sky Broadcasting |access-date=22 August 2010 }}

The 2000s also saw a series of television advertisements, entitled Brilliant! in which two crudely animated Guinness brewmasters would discuss the beer, particularly the ability to drink it straight from the bottle. The two would almost always react to their discoveries with the catchphrase "Brilliant!", hence the campaign's title.{{cn|date=October 2024}}

In 2009, the To Arthur advertisement, which started with two friends realising the company's long history, hail each other by lifting up their glasses and saying: "to Arthur!". The hailing slowing spread throughout the bar to the streets outside, and finally around the world. The advertisement ends with the voiceover: "Join the worldwide celebration, of a man named Arthur".{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vfSlhd7tm10 | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211030/vfSlhd7tm10| archive-date=2021-10-30|title=Guinness 250 Advert – To Arthur |publisher=YouTube |date=19 September 2009 |access-date=16 June 2011}}{{cbignore}}

This gave rise to the event now known as Arthur's Day, described as "a series of events and celebrations taking place around the world to celebrate the life and legacy of Arthur Guinness and the much-loved Guinness beer which Arthur brought to the world."{{cite web|url=http://www.guinness.com/en-ie/arthursday/index.html |title=Join the worldwide celebration of Arthur's Day 2010 |publisher=Guinness.com |date=23 September 2010 |access-date=16 June 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110616022631/http://www.guinness.com/en-ie/arthursday/index.html |archive-date=16 June 2011 }}

Following the COVID-19 pandemic and pub closures, Guinness produced a "Looks Like Guinness" advert in anticipation of pubs reopening in 2021.{{cite web|url=https://system1group.com/ad-of-the-week/62-guinness|title=Can Guinness Save The Pub?|website=system1group.com|date=2 July 2021|author=Tom Ewing|access-date=21 July 2023}}{{cite web | url=https://www.tvadsongs.uk/guinness-advert-music-always-on-my-mind-singer-song/|title=Guinness Advert – Always on My Mind – TV Advert Songs }}{{cite web | url=https://www.adweek.com/creativity/guinness-cleverly-inserted-its-ice-cold-pints-into-classic-summer-moments/ | title=Guinness Ads Insert Cold Pints into Classic Summer Moments }}

As of 2024, Guinness is the official beer of the Premier League.{{cite news |last1=Kleinman |first1=Mark |title=Premier League toasts £40m deal with new beer partner Guinness |url=https://news.sky.com/story/premier-league-toasts-40m-deal-with-new-beer-partner-guinness-13121908 |access-date=8 February 2025 |work=Sky News |date=24 April 2024}}

File:GuinnessTapJHB.jpg pub]]

In 2006, sales of Guinness in Ireland and the United Kingdom declined 7 percent.{{clarify|date=August 2023}}{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/6423027.stm |title=Guinness sales losing their froth |last=Harrison |first=Shane |date=6 March 2007 |work=BBC News |access-date=22 August 2010 |archive-date=12 November 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101112152717/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/6423027.stm |url-status=live }} Despite this, Guinness still accounts for more than a quarter of all beer sold in Ireland.{{cite web |title=Login to Passport |url-access=registration |url=http://www.portal.euromonitor.com/Portal/Statistics.aspx%7B%7Bcbignore%7Cbot=medic%7D%7D |website=Euromonitor International |access-date=14 May 2017 |archive-date=16 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316161522/https://www.portal.euromonitor.com/Error/PageNotFound?aspxerrorpath=/Statistics.aspx{{cbignore|bot=medic}} |url-status=live }} By 2015, sales were on the rise in Ireland but flat globally.{{cite news|url=http://www.irishtimes.com/business/agribusiness-and-food/sales-of-guinness-up-in-ireland-but-unchanged-globally-1.2301872|title=Sales of Guinness up in Ireland but unchanged globally|work=Irish Times|access-date=16 August 2016|archive-date=2 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202030255/http://www.irishtimes.com/business/agribusiness-and-food/sales-of-guinness-up-in-ireland-but-unchanged-globally-1.2301872|url-status=live}} By 2023, Guinness had grown to become the most popular draught beer in the United Kingdom, with about 11% of all sales.[https://www.raconteur.net/economy-trends/how-guinness-became-uks-favourite-pint Back in black: how Guinness rose from pub bore to flavour of the year]. Raconteur. 16 March 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.

Guinness began retailing in India in 2007.{{cite web|url=http://www.just-drinks.com/news/diageo-to-up-guinness-india-roll-out_id90004.aspx|title=INDIA: Diageo to up Guinness India roll-out|date=18 April 2007|work=just-drinks.com|access-date=31 December 2015|archive-date=8 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160508225632/http://www.just-drinks.com/news/diageo-to-up-guinness-india-roll-out_id90004.aspx|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/diageo-may-brew-guinness-beer-locally/article1676195.ece|title=Diageo may brew Guinness beer locally|date=30 November 2007|access-date=31 December 2015|archive-date=16 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230316161529/https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/Diageo-may-brew-Guinness-beer-locally/article20182564.ece|url-status=live}}

Guinness has a significant share of the African beer market, where it has been sold since 1827. About 40 percent of worldwide total Guinness volume is brewed and sold in Africa, with Foreign Extra Stout the most popular variant. Three of the five Guinness-owned breweries worldwide are located in Africa.{{Cite web|url=http://www.foodrepublic.com/2013/03/12/11-things-you-probably-didnt-know-about-guinness/|title=11 Things You Probably Didn't Know About Guinness|last=Saladino|first=Emily|date=12 March 2013|website=Food Republic|access-date=1 December 2016|archive-date=16 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161216064042/http://www.foodrepublic.com/2013/03/12/11-things-you-probably-didnt-know-about-guinness/|url-status=live}}

The beer is brewed under licence internationally in several countries, including Nigeria,{{Cite news |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/08/11/nigeria.success.guinness/ |title=Guinness' success highlights opportunity in Nigeria, Africa |last=Purefoy |first=Christian |date=12 August 2009 |work=CNN |access-date=22 August 2010 |archive-date=26 January 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120126235756/http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/africa/08/11/nigeria.success.guinness/ |url-status=live }}{{cite web |url=http://www.ratebeer.com/beer/guinness-foreign-extra-stout-nigeria/19432/ |title=Guinness Foreign Extra Stout (Nigeria) |website=RateBeer |access-date=22 August 2010 |archive-date=6 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100506024745/http://www.ratebeer.com/beer/guinness-foreign-extra-stout-nigeria/19432/ |url-status=live }} the Bahamas, Canada,{{cite web |url=http://www.gigfy.com/faqs.html |title=Guinness FAQs |website=Gigfy.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514212421/http://www.gigfy.com/faqs.html |archive-date=14 May 2008 |url-status=usurped }} Cameroon, Kenya, Uganda, South Korea, Namibia, and Indonesia.{{cite web |url=http://www.ratebeer.com/beer/guinness-foreign-extra-stout-chinese-indonesian/15943/ |title=Guinness Foreign Extra Stout (Indonesian) |website=RateBeer |access-date=22 August 2010 |archive-date=16 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100516032551/http://www.ratebeer.com/beer/guinness-foreign-extra-stout-chinese-indonesian/15943 |url-status=live }}

In 2017, Guinness teamed up with AB InBev to distribute Guinness in mainland China. China is the single biggest worldwide alcohol market, especially for imported craft beers like Guinness.{{cite web |url=https://www.thedrinksbusiness.com/2017/08/diageo-appoints-ab-inbev-for-guinness-in-china/ |title=AB InBev to distribute Guinness in China |author=Natalie Wang |website=drinks business |publisher=Union Press |date=31 August 2017 |access-date=1 October 2017 |archive-date=21 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171121084702/https://www.thedrinksbusiness.com/2017/08/diageo-appoints-ab-inbev-for-guinness-in-china/ |url-status=live }}

The United Kingdom is the only sovereign state to consume more Guinness than Ireland. In 2023, a pub in Worcester claimed to offer the cheapest pint of Guinness in the UK, at £2.[https://metro.co.uk/2023/07/30/the-pub-in-england-where-you-can-get-a-guinness-for-2-19216403/?ico=trending-module_category_uk_item-6 Pub selling pints of Guinness for a third of London price]. Metro. 30 July 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2023. The third-largest Guinness drinking nation is Nigeria, followed by the USA;{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3628941.stm |title=Last orders for London Guinness |work=BBC News |date=15 April 2004 |access-date=29 March 2011 |archive-date=15 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315052751/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3628941.stm |url-status=live }} the United States consumed more than {{Convert|950|e6hl|impgal u.s.gal|abbr=}} of Guinness in 2010.

The Guinness Storehouse at St. James's Gate Brewery in Dublin is the most popular tourist attraction in Ireland (attracting over 1.7 million visitors in 2019) where a self-guided tour includes an account of the ingredients used to make the stout and a description of how it is made.{{cite journal|last=Kirsner|first=Scott|title=Brand Marketing:"guinness storehouse is a way to get in touch with a new generation"|journal=Fast Company|date=May 2002|issue=58|pages=92–100|id={{ProQuest|228787080}}}}{{Cite web |last=Beresford |first=Jack |title=Dublin's Guinness Storehouse named Ireland's top visitor attraction of 2019 |url=https://www.irishpost.com/news/guinness-storehouse-irelands-top-visitor-attraction-2019-176501 |access-date=2023-07-04 |website=The Irish Post}} Visitors can sample the smells of each Guinness ingredient in the Tasting Rooms, which are coloured with a unique lighting design that emits Guinness's gold and black branding.{{cite web |url=http://michaelgrubbstudio.com/portfolio/#8 |title=The Tasting Rooms, Guinness Storehouse |publisher=Michael Grubb Studio |date=28 October 2013 |access-date=20 February 2014 |archive-date=16 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140216230232/http://michaelgrubbstudio.com/portfolio/#8 |url-status=live }}

The Guinness Book of Records started as a Guinness marketing giveaway, based on an idea of its then Managing Director, Sir Hugh Beaver. Its holding company, Guinness World Records Ltd, was owned by Guinness plc, subsequently Diageo, until 2001.{{cite web|url=http://biz.yahoo.com/prnews/010701/hssu011.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010820144727/http://biz.yahoo.com/prnews/010701/hssu011.html|title=Gullane Entertainment to Acquire Guinness World Records|website=PRNewswire|via=Yahoo.com|publisher=Cision|archive-date=20 August 2001|date=1 July 2001|access-date=12 June 2019}}

{{Reflist}}

{{Refbegin}}

• Patrick Lynch and John Vaizey – Guinness's Brewery in the Irish Economy: 1759–1876 (1960) Cambridge University Press
• Frederic Mullally – The Silver Salver: The Story of the Guinness Family (1981) Granada, {{ISBN|0-246-11271-9}}
• Brian Sibley – The Book Of Guinness Advertising (1985) Guinness Books, {{ISBN|0-85112-400-3}}
• Peter Pugh – Is Guinness Good for You: The Bid for Distillers – The Inside Story (1987) Financial Training Publications, {{ISBN|1-85185-074-0}}
• Edward Guinness – The Guinness Book of Guinness (1988) Guinness Books
• Michele Guinness – The Guinness Legend: The Changing Fortunes of a Great Family (1988) Hodder and Stoughton General Division, {{ISBN|0-340-43045-1}}
• Jonathan Guinness – Requiem for a Family Business (1997) Macmillan Publishing, {{ISBN|0-333-66191-5}}
• Derek Wilson – Dark and Light: The Story of the Guinness Family (1998) George Weidenfeld & Nicolson, Ltd., {{ISBN|0-297-81718-3}}
• S. R. Dennison and Oliver MacDonagh – Guinness 1886–1939: From Incorporation to the Second World War (1998) Cork University Press, {{ISBN|1-85918-175-9}}
• Jim Davies – The Book of Guinness Advertising (1998) Guinness Media Inc., {{ISBN|0-85112-067-9}}
• Al Byrne – Guinness Times: My Days in the World’s Most Famous Brewery (1999) Town House, {{ISBN|1-86059-105-1}}
• Michele Guinness – The Guinness Spirit: Brewers, Bankers, Ministers and Missionaries (1999) Hodder and Stoughton, {{ISBN|0-340-72165-0}}
• Tony Corcoran – The Goodness of Guinness: The Brewery, Its People and the City of Dublin (2005) Liberties Press, {{ISBN|0-9545335-7-7}}
• Mark Griffiths – Guinness is Guinness... the colourful story of a black and white brand (2005) Cyanbooks, London. {{ISBN|1-904879-28-4}}.
• Charles Gannon – Cathal Gannon – The Life and Times of a Dublin Craftsman (2006) Lilliput Press, Dublin. {{ISBN|1-84351-086-3}}.
• Bill Yenne – Guinness The 250-year quest for the perfect pint (2007) John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken. {{ISBN|978-0-470-12052-1}}.
• Iorwerth Griffiths – 'Beer and Cider in Ireland: The Complete Guide' (2008) Liberties Press {{ISBN|978-1-905483-17-4}}
• P. Guinness – Arthur's Round Peter Owen, London 2008, {{ISBN|978-0-7206-1296-7}}
• David Hughes, A Bottle of Guinness Please, 2006, Phimboy, {{ISBN|0-9553713-0-9}}
• Joe Joyce – The Untold Story of the Guinness Family – Poolbeg press {{ISBN|9781842234037}}
• Edward J. Bourke, The Guinness story, The Family, The Business, The Black Stuff, 2009 O'Brien press {{ISBN|978-1-84717-145-0}}

{{Refend}}

{{Commons category|Guinness}}

• {{Official website|http://www.guinness.com}}
• [http://www.guinness-storehouse.com/ Guinness Storehouse website]
• [http://www.hagley.org/storiesfromthestacks/bryce-evans-how-guinness-saved-ireland-world-war-ii How Guinness saved Ireland during WWII]
• [http://www.adbrands.net/uk/guinness_uk.htm Selection of Guinness commercials including Noitulove, Dancing Man, Surfer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723002333/http://www.adbrands.net/uk/guinness_uk.htm |date=23 July 2011 }}
• {{cite web|last=Moriarty|first=Philip|title=Guinness|url=http://www.sixtysymbols.com/videos/guinness.htm|work=Sixty Symbols|publisher=Brady Haran for the University of Nottingham}}
• [http://michaelgrubbstudio.com/portfolio/#8 Lighting design of The Tasting Rooms in Guinness Storehouse]
• {{PM20|FID=co/006864|TEXT=Documents and clippings about|NAME=}}
• [https://www.guinness-storehouse.com/content/pdf/archive-factsheets/general-history/world-war-one.pdf Archive Fact Sheet: World War One and the St. James's Gate Brewery]

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{{Ireland topics}}

Category:Diageo beer brands

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Category:Food and drink introduced in 1759

Category:History of Ireland (1801–1923)

Category:Nitrogen-infused drinks