Gulval

The parish is named after a 6th-century saint, Gulval, the original form of which was probably Welvela or Wolvela. Baring-Gould thought this was Wilgitha, the sister of Saint Juthwara: David Nash Ford agrees. Gilbert Hunter Doble, however, favoured an identification with one of the male Welsh missionaries, Gudwall or Gurwall who are honoured in Brittany, eponym of Locoal-Mendon. A life of each one is to be found in the Acta Sanctorum, June; Bollandists, 1867.Doble, G. H. (1960) The Saints of Cornwall: part 1. Truro: Dean and Chapter; pp. 61–78Doble, G. H. (1933) Saint Gudwal or Gurwal, bishop and confessor; with notes on Gulval church and parish by Charles Henderson. Truro: Netherton and Worth Neither identification has been widely accepted by modern scholars.{{cite web|url=http://west-penwith.org.uk/gulval3.htm|title=St Gulval}} Previous spellings of the parish include St Welvela de Lanesky (from 1301), St Welvele (1327), St Welvele de Lanystly (1328), Gwelvele/Wolvele de Lanescly (c.1400), St Golvele (c.1400) and Gulval/Lanesly (1535).{{cite book|last1=Pool|first1=Peter A S|title=The Place-Names of West Penwith|date=1985|publisher=Peter Pool|location=Heamoor|page=52|edition=Second}} The parish church is dedicated to Gulval and their feast is celebrated on 12 November.

File:Gulval Church.jpg

File:Gulval Village - geograph.org.uk - 539364.jpg

File:Gulval Church - geograph.org.uk - 331181.jpg

During the Iron Age there was a lot of activity in the area, and a few miles from Gulval, beyond the hamlet of Badgers Cross, are the remains of the Chysauster settlement. The site shows the remnants of nine courtyard houses, of a type only found on the Land's End peninsula and Isles of Scilly, and was inhabited from the first century BC for the following four hundred years. The historic Celtic site is now under the protection of English Heritage[http://www.cornwall-calling.co.uk/gazetter-cornwall/gulval.htm].

Two inscribed stones attest to continued occupation in the early medieval period. The first is a memorial for "Quenatucus, son of Dinvus", and has been dated as carved sometime between fifth and eighth centuries; it stands near one end of a footbridge in Balowena Bottom.{{NHLE |desc=Early Christian memorial stone beside Bleu Bridge |num=1006727 |accessdate=11 January 2020}} The second is a cross-shaft lacking base or cross-head with a now illegible inscription; it was found in a wall of the church in 1885, and now stands in the churchyard.See the discussion and bibliography in Elisabeth Okasha, Corpus of early Christian inscribed stones of South-west Britain. Leicester: University Press, 1993, pp. 109–15 (see also, Gulval Church, below)

There is a Cornish cross at Rosemorran; on the front of the head is a crude crucifixus figure and on the back is an unusually shaped cross (the only similar one is at Lelant).Langdon, A. G. (1896) Old Cornish Crosses. Truro: Joseph Pollard; pp. 142–43

In ancient times Gulval was known as Lanisley, derived from Lan, a church, and ishei, low, (i.e. the low church)[http://west-penwith.org.uk/gulval3.htm]. According to Charles Henderson (quoted by Doble (1960)) this is a corruption of Laniskley. A Latinised version of this, Landicle, is mentioned in the Domesday Book:

:"Roland holds [LANDICLE](GULVAL) from the Bishop; In the time of King Edward (the Confessor, i.e. before 1066) it paid tax for 1 hide (around 120 acres); 1½ hides there however. Land for 12 ploughs (requiring, perhaps, 8 oxen each); in lordship 1 plough; 3 slaves. 13 villagers and 4 smallholders with 3 ploughs. Meadow {{convert|2|acre|ha}}, Pasture, 2 leagues long and 1 league wide. Value formerly and now £3. 1 virgate (about 30 acres) held by the lord, 1 hide 3 virgates by the villagers; also "1 cob; 3 cows; 30 sheep". (Roland was the Archdeacon of Cornwall.)Thorn, Caroline & Frank [eds.] "Domesday Book: Cornwall"; Phillimore, Chichester: 1979. {{ISBN|0-85033-155-2}}; entry 2,10

File:War memorial in Gulval cemetery - geograph.org.uk - 801113.jpg

There is a war memorial located in Gulval Church's cemetery, with 18 soldiers from WWI and 10 from WWII.{{Cite web |url=http://www.cornwallswarhistory.co.uk/maps/war-memorials-2/gulval/ |title=Gulval « Cornwall War History |website=www.cornwallswarhistory.co.uk |access-date=2019-12-02}}

File:The Victoria history of the county of Cornwall (1906) (14777326862).jpg

The current church building is predominantly 12th-century with subsequent additions. Most notable of these are the tower, built in 1440 and containing eight bells, and a large stone lych-gate that was added in 1897 to celebrate Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee. The churchyard was extended on the southern side in 1882 and a lych-gate erected, opposite Posses Lane. The land was donated by the Lords of Llanisley manor.{{Cite news |title=The Extension And Improvement Of Gulval Churchyard |date=28 September 1882 |work=The Cornishman |issue=220 |page=4}} The wooden roof of the north gateway was presented by the architect Piers St Aubyn of Devonport in July, 1885. According to The Cornishman newspaper, while it was generally admired, it was thought it would look much better if it was about a foot higher!{{cite news |title=Nice Present |work=The Cornishman |issue=365 |date=16 July 1885 |page=6}}

There is an ornamented Cornish cross shaft in the churchyard. It was found in 1885 when the chancel was restored. The chancel was formed of two walls with the space between them filled with loose clay-like rubble and the cross was used to bond the two walls together. The cross is re-erected in the churchyard, and is of the Greek form and has the letters ″I A″ inscribed, which is thought to refer to St Ia, of St Ives.Langdon, A. G. (1896) Old Cornish Crosses. Truro: Joseph Pollard; pp. 372–74{{cite news |title=As buildings, sacred or secular,... |work=The Cornishman |issue=375 |date=24 September 1885 |page=4}}{{cite news |last1=Millett |first1=G B |title=The Cross of St IA |work=The Cornishman |issue=378 |date=15 October 1885 |page=6}}

There is a stained glass window commemorating William Wingfield, MP, in the church. One of the vicars of Gulval, the Rev. William W. Wingfield, was vicar for a remarkable 72 years, from 1839 until his death in 1912.Brown, H. M. (1976) A Century for Cornwall. Truro: Blackford; p. 40 In 1873, during Wingfield's tenure, the churchyard was extended on the northern side and a row of elm planted.{{cite news |title=Town and Country |work=The Cornishman |issue=208 |date=6 July 1882 |page=8}}

Within the bounds of the parish lies the disused Ding Dong mine, reputedly one of the oldest in Cornwall. Popular local legend claims that Joseph of Arimathea, a tin trader, visited the mine and brought a young Jesus to address the miners, although there is no evidence to support this.Matthews, John (ed.) (1991) A Glastonbury Reader: Selections From the Myths, Legends and Stories of Ancient Avalon. London: HarperCollins (reissued by The Aquarian Press)C. C. Dobson in his Did Our Lord Visit Britain ... ? (1936) collects various traditions which would connect Joseph to Cornwall and Somerset and the tin trade without mentioning Gulval The Ding Dong mines have, according to tradition, been worked since Roman times but by the end of the 18th century it was disused. In 1814 it was reopened and worked until 1878. Attempts were made in 1912 and 1928 to reopen, but these failed.Barton, D. B. (1963) A Guide to the Mines of West Cornwall. Truro: D. Bradford Barton; pp. 9–10

• Dudley Savage (20 March 1920 – 25 November 2008), theatre organist known for the long-running BBC radio request programme "As Prescribed", was born in Gulval.{{Cite web |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/3534820/Dudley-Savage.html |title=Dudley Savage |date=2008-11-28 |language=en-GB |access-date=2019-12-01}}

For purposes of local government Gulval is included in the civil parish of Penzance and has its own single member ward on Penzance town council. The principal local authority in the area is Cornwall Council. Elections to Cornwall Council are by way of a three-member Penzance electoral division.

Gulval is home to a post office and general store, a public house and a primary school that houses 144 pupils.{{cite web|url=http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/reports/111/111793.pdf |title=Reports on pupils |last=Ofsted |access-date=30 May 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081119095745/http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/reports/111/111793.pdf |archive-date=19 November 2008 }}

In 1931 the parish had a population of 1292.{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10160029/cube/TOT_POP|title=Population statistics Gulval AP/CP through time|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|accessdate=9 May 2023}} On 1 April 1934 the parish was abolished and merged with Penzance, Madron and Ludgvan.{{cite web|url=https://visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10160029|title=Relationships and changes Gulval AP/CP through time|publisher=A Vision of Britain through Time|accessdate=9 May 2023}}

The A30 runs to the south of Gulval Churchtown between Long Rock and Penzance. The main bus route through Gulval is number 16.{{Cite web |url=https://www.transportforcornwall.co.uk/services/TFCN/16 |title=Transport for Cornwall|website=Transport for Cornwall|language=en-GB |access-date=2025-03-10}}

Penzance itself has more transport links, including a railway station.

Gulval has two football teams competing in the Trelawny League and two cricket teams competing in the Cornwall Cricket League. The Old Inn – a pub in Gulval Churchtown – was given to the Coldstream Guards Association in memory of Capt Michael Lempriere Bolitho and renamed "The Coldstreamer" (Capt Bolitho was killed on {{HMS|Walney|Y04|6}}, a Royal Navy ship; her task was to crash through the boom at the entrance to Oran Harbour in Operation Torch on 8 November 1942).

The local community radio station is Coast FM (formerly Penwith Radio), which broadcasts on 96.5 and 97.2 FM.{{cite news|title=Volunteer run Penwith Radio to change its name to Coast FM|url=http://www.falmouthpacket.co.uk/news/14510092.Volunteer_run_Penwith_Radio_to_change_its_name_to_Coast_FM|website=falmouthpacket.co.uk|access-date=2017-02-04}}

Cornish wrestling tournaments for prizes were held at the Mead Hall in Gulval.West Briton and Cornwall Advertiser, 31 August 1950.

John Roberts (1820-1892)Death of a Cornish wrestler, Cornishman, 17 March 1892, p4. known as "Johnnah" or "John-a" and was a famous champion heavyweight wrestler in the 1840s and 1850s, that more than once beat Gundry.A reminiscence of Johnna Roberts and Harry Williams, Cornishman, 31 March 1892, p7.Wrestlers of the past, Cornishman - Thursday 28 January 1904, p5. After one such occasion, at the Penzance tournament, he was marched from one end of the town to the other accompanied by the mayor, several dignitaries and a band. He was subsequently the "quiet and unobtrusive" landlord of the "Old Inn" at Gulval for 30 years.Tom Gundry, Cornishman, 1 November 1888, p3.Death of a famous Cornish wrestler, Cornish Post and Mining News, 19 March 1892, p6.

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• Listed buildings in Gulval

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• {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20070829182031/http://www.cornwall-opc.org/Par_new/e_g/gulval.php Cornwall Online Parish Clerks website]}}
• [http://crocat.cornwall.gov.uk/dserve/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqDb=Catalog&dsqCmd=Overview.tcl&dsqSearch=((text)='gulval') Cornwall Record Office Online Catalogue for Gulval]
• [http://www.dingdongcounthouse.org.uk The history of the Count House of Ding Dong Mine]

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Category:Former civil parishes in Cornwall

Category:Penzance

Category:Villages in Cornwall

Category:Joseph of Arimathea