Guy's Hospital

The hospital dates from 1721, when it was founded by philanthropist Thomas Guy, who had made a fortune as a printer of Bibles and greatly increased it by speculating in the South Sea Bubble.{{Cite journal|last=Solkin|first=David H.|date=1996-09-01|title=Samaritan or Scrooge? The Contested Image of Thomas Guy in Eighteenth-Century England|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00043079.1996.10786698|journal=The Art Bulletin|volume=78|issue=3|pages=467–484|doi=10.1080/00043079.1996.10786698|s2cid=227272839|issn=0004-3079|access-date=21 January 2021|archive-date=18 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718154205/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00043079.1996.10786698|url-status=live}} It was originally established as a hospital to treat "incurables" discharged from St Thomas' Hospital. Guy had been a governor and benefactor of St Thomas' and his fellow governors supported his intention by granting the south-side of St Thomas Street for a peppercorn rent for 999 years.{{cite web|title= 'Guy's Hospital', in Survey of London: Volume 22, Bankside (The Parishes of St. Saviour and Christchurch Southwark), ed. Howard Roberts and Walter H Godfrey|location= London|year= 1950|pages= 36–42|publisher= British History Online|url= http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol22/pp36-42|access-date= 18 April 2018|archive-date= 5 December 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201205124637/https://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol22/pp36-42|url-status= live}} Following his death in 1724, Thomas Guy was entombed at the hospital's chapel (also dating from the 18th century), in a tomb featuring a marble sculpture by John Bacon.

The original buildings formed a courtyard facing St Thomas Street, comprising the hall on the east side and the chapel, Matron's House and Surgeon's House on the west side. The original main buildings were built by the King's Master Mason, John Deval, in 1739.Dictionary of British Sculptors 1660-1851 by Rupert Gunnis p.128

A bequest of £180,000 by William Hunt in 1829, one of the largest charitable bequests in England in historic terms, allowed for a further hundred beds to be accommodated. Hunt's name was given to the southern expansion of the hospital buildings which took place in 1850. Two inner quadrangles were divided by a cloister which was later restyled and dedicated to the hospital's members who fell in the First World War. The east side comprised the care wards and the "counting house" with the governors' Burfoot Court Room. The north-side quadrangle is dominated by a statue of Lord Nuffield (1877–1963) who was the chairman of governors for many years and also a major benefactor.{{cite web|url=http://www.londonremembers.com/memorials/viscount-nuffield-statue|title=Viscount Nuffield|publisher=London Remembers|access-date=18 April 2018|archive-date=19 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419120619/http://www.londonremembers.com/memorials/viscount-nuffield-statue|url-status=live}}

In 1879-1880 the 'Guy's Hospital dispute' between matron Margaret Burt and hospital medical staff highlighted how doctors sometimes felt that their authority was being challenged by new-style matrons.{{Cite book |last=Waddington |first=Keir |title='The Nursing Dispute at Guy's Hospital, 1879–1880' |publisher=The Journal of The Society for The Social History of Medicine |year=1995 |pages=211–230}}{{Cite journal |last=Tesseyman, Hallett, and Brooks |title='Crisis at Guy's Hospital (1880) and the nature of nursing work' |journal=Nursing Inquiry |year=2017 |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.1111/nin.12203 |pmid=28544051 |s2cid=3986745 |url=https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/files/56723591/Crisis_at_Guy_s_Hospital_and_the_nature_of_nursing_work_4_.docx |access-date=8 February 2023 |archive-date=11 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230711022619/https://pure.manchester.ac.uk/ws/files/56723591/Crisis_at_Guy_s_Hospital_and_the_nature_of_nursing_work_4_.docx |url-status=live }}{{Cite journal |last=Wildman |first=Stuart |date=2021 |title='Were they to have petticoat government in the hospital?' The reform of nursing in nineteenth-century Lincoln |journal=Women's History Review |volume=9 |pages=1–19}}{{Cite book |last=Moore |first=Judith |title=A Zeal for Responsibility; the Struggle for Professional Nursing in Victorian England, 1863–1883 |publisher=The University of Georgia Press |year=1988 |location=London}}Rogers, Sarah (2022). 'A Maker of Matrons’? A study of Eva Lückes’s influence on a generation of nurse leaders:1880–1919' (Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Huddersfield, April 2022) Florence Nightingale advocated that these new trained matrons had full control and discipline over their nursing staff. Margaret Burt ultimately resigned, but this was not an isolated episode and other matrons experienced similar issues, such as Eva Luckes.{{cite web|url=https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/506b09dd-560b-4318-98be-581dfe38ecfa|title=Papers of Miss Eva C E Luckes (1854-1919). Matron of the London Hospital|publisher=National Archives|access-date=13 December 2022|archive-date=13 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221213162422/https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/506b09dd-560b-4318-98be-581dfe38ecfa|url-status=live}}

In 1974, the hospital added the 34-storey Guy's Tower and 29-storey Guy's House: this complex was designed by Watkins Gray.{{cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19980304/ai_n14147629|title=FindArticles.com – CBSi|website=findarticles.com|access-date=31 March 2018|archive-date=19 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151019075437/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19980304/ai_n14147629|url-status=live}} The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, which is dedicated to improving outcomes of conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, stroke, Parkinson's disease and spinal cord injury, was opened by the Princess Royal in December 2004.{{cite web|url=https://www.kcl.ac.uk/newsevents/publications/comment-archive/pdfs/2004/comment-157.pdf|title= King's Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases opens|publisher=Comment|date=1 December 2004|access-date=18 April 2018}}

In October 2005 children's departments moved to the Evelina London Children's Hospital in the grounds next to St Thomas's close to the Palace of Westminster.{{cite web|url= https://structurae.net/structures/evelina-childrens-hospital|title= Evelina London Children's Hospital|publisher= Structurae|access-date= 18 April 2018|archive-date= 19 April 2018|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180419053534/https://structurae.net/structures/evelina-childrens-hospital|url-status= live}} A new cancer centre, designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners, and built by Laing O'Rourke at a cost of £160 million, was completed in April 2016.{{cite web|url=https://www.building.co.uk/laing-orourke-hands-over-guys-cancer-centre/5081311.article|title=Laing O'Rourke hands over Guy's cancer centre|publisher=Building|date=21 April 2016|access-date=18 April 2018|archive-date=19 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419053512/https://www.building.co.uk/laing-orourke-hands-over-guys-cancer-centre/5081311.article|url-status=live}}

File:Passage inside Guy's Hospital.jpg|Interior passageway inside Guy's Hospital

File:Mr Guys Hospital for Incurables.jpg|Early 18th century engraving

File:Guy's Hospital00.jpg|1820 Engraving of entrance by James Elmes and William Woolnoth

File:Guy's and St. Thomas' Hospitals from 1833 Schmollinger map.jpg|The location of Guy's and St Thomas' hospitals, c. 1833

File:Guy's Hospital- Life in a London Hospital, England, 1941 D2330.jpg|Surgery is performed at Guy's in 1941

File:Northern Side of the War Memorial, Guy's Hospital.jpg|War memorial at Guy's Hospital

{{Infobox building

| image = Guy's Tower KCL.jpg

| caption = Tower Wing, after exterior refurbishment

| name = Tower Wing

| status = Finished

| owner = National Health Service

| current_tenants = Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust

| location = Southwark

| coordinates = {{Coord|51|30|14|N|0|5|13|W|region:GB-SWK_scale:250_type:landmark|display=inline}}

| roof =

| antenna_spire =

| floor_count =

| floor_area =

| architect = Watkins Gray

| structural_engineer =

| start_date = 1968

| completion_date = 1974

| height = {{convert|148.65|m}}

}}

Medical services at the Guy's site are now concentrated in the buildings to the east of Great Maze Pond: these buildings, which are connected, are known as Tower Wing, Bermondsey Wing, Southwark Wing and Borough Wing.{{cite web|title=Campus maps:King's College London|publisher=King's College London|date=28 June 2006|url=https://www.kcl.ac.uk/study/campus/guys.aspx|access-date=18 April 2018|archive-date=23 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123211245/http://www.kcl.ac.uk/study/campus/guys.aspx|url-status=dead}} The Cancer Centre is in a separate building just to the south. To the west of the Great Maze Pond is Guy's Campus which forms part of King's College London.

At {{convert|148.65|m}} high,{{cite web |url=http://www.skyscrapernews.com/buildings.php?id=100 |title=Guys Hospital, London – Building #100 |publisher=Skyscrapernews.com |access-date=22 April 2013 |archive-date=21 January 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121114125/http://skyscrapernews.com/buildings.php?id=100 |url-status=live }} Guy's Tower (now called the Tower Wing) regained its tallest hospital building in the world status in 2014.{{cite web|url=https://www.guysandstthomas.nhs.uk/news-and-events/2014-news/20140528-guys-tower.aspx|title=Guy's Lifts Tower regains its title as world's tallest hospital building|website=www.guysandstthomas.nhs.uk|access-date=8 February 2018|archive-date=9 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209063242/https://www.guysandstthomas.nhs.uk/news-and-events/2014-news/20140528-guys-tower.aspx|url-status=live}} It has since been surpassed by the Outpatient Center at the Houston Methodist Hospital, in Houston, USA at {{convert|156.05|m}}.{{cite web|url= https://www.emporis.com/buildings/243052/methodist-outpatient-care-center-houston-tx-usa|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150321213559/http://www.emporis.com/buildings/243052/methodist-outpatient-care-center-houston-tx-usa|url-status= usurped|archive-date= 21 March 2015|title= Methodist Outpatient Care Center|publisher=Emporis|access-date=18 April 2018}}

{{div col}}

• Harold Ackroyd, First World War recipient of the Victoria Cross
• Thomas Addison, discoverer of Addison's disease
• Stephanie Amiel, diabetologist
• John Belchier, surgeon
• William Babington, founder member of the Geological Society
• Benjamin Guy Babington invented the laryngoscope
• Richard Bright, discoverer of Bright's disease
• John Butterfield, Baron Butterfield Professor of Experimental Medicine
• Trevor Clay nurse and General Secretary of the Royal College of Nursing
• Sydney Cohen, Professor of Chemical Pathology
• Sir Astley Cooper, discoverer of the Cooper's ligaments of the breasts
• Edward Cock, surgeon and nephew of Sir Astley Cooper
• Dame Rachel Crowdy, Principal Commandant of Voluntary Aid Detachments in France and Belgium from 1914 to 1919
• C. S. Forester, English novelist, studied medicine at Guy's but did not graduate
• John Frederick France, ophthalmic surgeon
• Graham Fraser, consultant and pioneer of cochlear implants in the United Kingdom.{{Cite web |last=Hazell |first=Jonathan |date=1994-02-23 |title=Obituary: Graham Fraser |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-graham-fraser-1395843.html |access-date=2023-09-04 |website=The Independent |language=en |archive-date=4 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230904191554/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-graham-fraser-1395843.html |url-status=live }}
• Sir Alfred Downing Fripp, surgeon who was knighted for his part in the reform of the R.A.M.C.
• Sir William Kelsey Fry, pioneering dental surgeon
• Abraham Pineo Gesner, surgeon and inventor of kerosene refining
• Sir William Withey Gull, the first to describe myxoedema and coined the term anorexia nervosa
• Edward Headlam Greenhow, physician, sanitarian and Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals lecturer
• Thomas Michael Greenhow, surgeon and sanitarian
• Georgiana Hill, cookery book writer, worked as a ward sister
• Henry Bendelack Hewetson, ophtalmic and Aural surgeon
• John Braxton Hicks, obstetrician, discoverer of the Braxton Hicks uterine contractions
• John Hilton, anatomist and surgeon
• James Hinton, otologist
• Thomas Hodgkin, discoverer of Hodgkin's lymphoma
• Sir Frederick Hopkins, discoverer of vitamins
• James Jurin, early work on epidemiology of the smallpox vaccine
• John Keats, poet
• Thomas Wilkinson King, anatomical pathologist
• Emily MacManus, Matron
• Alan Menter, International Psoriasis Council, Founder
• J. F. O. Mustaffah, first Ghanaian Neurosurgeon
• Humphry Osmond, psychiatrist who worked with psychedelic drugs and coined the term
• Frederick William Pavy, worked with Richard Bright, one of the founders and presidents of the Medical and Chirurgical Society of London
• Sir Edwin Cooper Perry Superintendent; Dean of the Medical School; 1st Warden of the Residential College
• Sir Alfred Poland, the first to describe Poland syndrome
• Philip Henry Pye-Smith, physician
• Patricia Batty Shaw, social worker
• Devi Prasad Shetty, cardiac surgeon and founder of Narayana Hrudayalaya
• Keith Simpson, Home Office Pathologist
• Jean Smellie, paediatrician
• Dame Sarah Swift, matron, founder of the College of Nursing, later the Royal College of Nursing
• Anthony Trafford, Baron Trafford, Conservative MP, was student and later senior registrar
• Gerard Folliott Vaughan, psychiatrist, who became a politician and minister of state during Margaret Thatcher's government
• Iain West, forensic pathologist
• William James West, discoverer of epileptic spasms; West syndrome was named in his honour
• Sir Samuel Wilks
• Ludwig Wittgenstein, worked anonymously as a hospital porter during World War II{{cite web|url=http://www.kcl.ac.uk/aboutkings/history/flashback/porteringphilosophy.aspx|title=King's College London – Portering & philosophy|website=www.kcl.ac.uk|access-date=31 March 2018|archive-date=11 November 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111174335/http://www.kcl.ac.uk/aboutkings/history/flashback/porteringphilosophy.aspx|url-status=live}}

{{div col end}}

{{Infobox COA wide

|image = Guy's Hospital Escutcheon.png

|notes = Granted 24 May 1725 to the Corporation for the Management and Disposition of the Charities of Thomas Guy of London.{{cite web |url=https://www.heraldry-wiki.com/heraldrywiki/wiki/Guy%27s_Hospital |title=Guy's Hospital |access-date=5 February 2021 |publisher=Heraldry of the World |archive-date=22 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122035258/http://heraldry-wiki.com/heraldrywiki/wiki/Guy%27s_Hospital |url-status=live }}

|escutcheon = Sable on a chevron Or between three leopards' heads Argent each crowned with an Eastern crown of the second as many fleurs-de-lis Azure.

|crest = On a wreath of the colours a woman sitting accompanied with three children Proper habited Azure being the emblem of Charity.

|supporters = On either side an angel Proper habited Argent the hair and wings Or each holding a book Proper the clasps Gold.

|motto = Dare Quam Accipere (Give rather than receive)}}

• Francis Crick Institute
• Healthcare in London
• King's Health Partners
• List of hospitals in England
• Tall buildings in London

{{reflist|33em}}

• Cameron, Hector Charles. Mr Guy's Hospital 1726-1948 (1954).

• Jones, Roger. "Richard Mead, Thomas Guy, the South Sea Bubble and the founding of Guy's Hospital." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 103.3 (2010): 87-92. [https://scholar.google.com/scholar?output=instlink&q=info:SmYqDD4_uwwJ:scholar.google.com/&hl=en&as_sdt=0,27&as_ylo=1950&scillfp=9635838769302524171&oi=lle online]

• Knight, R. K. "Some Curious Stories about Guy's Hospital." Medico-Legal Journal 66.1 (1998): 15-23.

• Peitzman, Steven J. "Bright's disease and Bright's generation–toward exact medicine at Guy's Hospital." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 55.3 (1981): 307-321. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/44441380 online]

• Wilks, Samuel, and George Thomas Bettany. A biographical history of Guy's Hospital (1892) [https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=WTBPAQAAIAAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&ots=Z3HOyaHJKi&sig=GtV-fRP8ry-JYnYwxCzH2cGApno online].

{{Commons category|Guy's Hospital}}

• [https://www.guysandstthomas.nhs.uk Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust]
• [https://gsttfoundation.org.uk/ Guy's & St Thomas' Foundation]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20051113024547/http://kcl.ac.uk/depsta/biomedical/CARD/CARD.htm Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20100914105055/http://www.shl.lon.ac.uk/specialcollections/archives/studentrecords.shtml Lists of Guy's Hospital students]

{{Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust}}

{{King's Health Partners}}

{{King's College London}}

{{UKSkyscrapers|Completed}}

{{Authority control}}

*

Category:1721 establishments in England

Category:Brutalist architecture in London

Category:GKT School of Medical Education

Category:Health in the London Borough of Southwark

Category:Hospital buildings completed in 1974

Category:Hospitals established in the 1720s

Category:NHS hospitals in London

Category:Skyscrapers in the London Borough of Southwark

Category:Teaching hospitals in London

Category:Voluntary hospitals