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Gymnobela

{{Short description|Genus of gastropods}}

{{Automatic taxobox

|taxon = Gymnobela

|image = Gymnobela bairdii 01.JPG

|image_caption = Gymnobela bairdii

|authority = Verrill, 1884

|type_species = Gymnobela engonia

|type_species_authority = Verrill, 1884{{cite journal |last=Sysoev |first=Alexander |editor1-last=Crosnier |editor1-first=A. |editor2-last=Bouchet |editor2-first=P. |date=1997 |title=Mollusca Gastropoda: New deep-water turrid gastropods (Conoidea) from eastern Indonesia |url=http://bionames.org/bionames-archive/issn/1243-4442/172/325.pdf |journal=Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM |publisher=Mém. Mus. natn. Hist. nat |volume=16 |issue=172 |pages=325–355 |isbn=2-85653-506-2 |access-date=11 October 2014}}

|synonyms_ref =

| synonyms =

  • Majox F. Nordsieck, 1968
  • Watsonaria F. Nordsieck, 1968

|subdivision_ranks = Species

|subdivision = See text

|display_parents = 3

}}

Gymnobela is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Raphitomidae.{{WRMS species|137818|Gymnobela Verrill, 1884||16 April 2010}}

This genus can sometimes be hardly differentiated from species in the genera Spergo Dall, 1895, Theta Clarke, 1959 and Speoides yoshidae Kuroda & Habe in Habe, 1961 (a synonym of Gymnobela yoshidae (Kuroda & Habe, 1961) )[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Peter_Stahlschmidt/publication/309911861_A_new_species_of_Gymnobela_Gastropoda_Raphitomidae_from_the_Central_Pacific/links/5826320708ae950ace6a80e4/A-new-species-of-Gymnobela-Gastropoda-Raphitomidae-from-the-Central-Pacific.pdf Stahlschmidt P. & Chino M. (2012) A new species of Gymnobela (Gastropoda: Raphitomidae) from the Central Pacific. Miscellanea Malacologica 5(6): 95-98]

This genus is highly diverse. It is rather an artificial assemblage of several unrelated genus-level lineages that are unrelated and mostly undescribed.Criscione, Francesco, et al. (2020) "Where the snails have no name: a molecular phylogeny of Raphitomidae (Neogastropoda: Conoidea) uncovers vast unexplored diversity in the deep seas of temperate southern and eastern Australia." Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.

Description

The rather solid shell is in form and general appearance like Bela. The spire is generally rather short. The body whorl is swollen. The whorls are often shouldered. The sculpture is rather strong. The protoconch has a fine cancellated sculpture. The subsutural band is not strongly marked. The posterior notch of the lip is shallow and usually not very distinct. The operculum is absent.[http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7477234 Verrill A. E. (1884). Second catalogue of mollusca recently added to the fauna of the New England Coast and the adjacent parts of the Atlantic, consisting mostly of deep sea species, with notes on others previously recorded. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 6(1): 139-294, pl. 28-32][https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Philippe_Bouchet/publication/270816111_Revision_of_the_Northeast_Atlantic_Bathyal_and_Abyssal_Turridae_Mollusca_Gastropoda/links/5572010a08ae752158671249/Revision-of-the-Northeast-Atlantic-Bathyal-and-Abyssal-Turridae-Mollusca-Gastropoda.pdf Bouchet & Warren, Revision of the North-East Atlantic bathyal and abyssal Turridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda); The Journal of Molluscan Studies, supplement 8, December 1980]

Fossils have been found in Pliocene strata of Panama and Quaternary strata of Costa Rica (age range: 3.6 to 0.781 Ma).

Species

Species within the genus Gymnobela include:

{{Columns-list|colwidth=20em|

  • Gymnobela abyssorum (Locard, 1897){{WRMS species|139242|Gymnobela abyssorum (Locard, 1897)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela adenica Sysoev, 1996{{WRMS species|433945|Gymnobela adenicus Sysoev, 1996||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela africana Sysoev, 1996{{WRMS species|432720|Gymnobela africana Sysoev, 1996||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela agassizii (Verrill & Smith, 1880){{WRMS species|139243|Gymnobela agassizi (Verrill & Smith, 1880)||16 April 2010}}{{WRMS species|433946|Gymnobela agassizii (Verrill & Smith, 1880)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela altispira Sysoev & Ivanov, 1985{{WRMS species|433947|Gymnobela altispira Sysoev & Ivanov, 1985||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela angulosa Sysoev, 1988{{WRMS species|433948|Gymnobela angulosa Sysoev, 1988||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela aquilarum (Watson, 1882){{WRMS species|139244|Gymnobela aquilarum (Watson, 1882)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela atypha (Bush, 1893)
  • Gymnobela augusta Thiele, 1925{{WRMS species|432848|Gymnobela augusta Thiele, 1925||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela bairdii (Verrill & Smith, 1884){{WRMS species|159777|Gymnobela bairdii (Verrill & Smith, 1884)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela baruna Sysoev, 1997{{WRMS species|433949|Gymnobela baruna Sysoev, 1997||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela blakeana (Dall, 1881){{WRMS species|159778|Gymnobela blakeana (Dall, 1881)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela brachis (Dall, 1919){{WRMS species|433950|Gymnobela brachis (Dall, 1919)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela brachypleura Sysoev, 1990{{WRMS species|433951|Gymnobela brachypleura Sysoev, 1990||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela brunnistriata Sysoev, 1990{{WRMS species|433952|Gymnobela brunnistriata Sysoev, 1990||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela bululi Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018
  • Gymnobela camerunensis Thiele, 1925{{WRMS species|432849|Gymnobela camerunensis Thiele, 1925||16 April 2010}}
  • † Gymnobela carinaria (Powell, 1935)
  • Gymnobela ceramensis (Schepman, 1913){{WRMS species|433953|Gymnobela ceramensis (Schepman, 1913)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela chistikovi Sysoev & Ivanov, 1985{{WRMS species|433954|Gymnobela chistikovi Sysoev & Ivanov, 1985||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela chrysopelex (Barnard, 1963){{WRMS species|432721|Gymnobela chrysopelex (Barnard, 1963)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela chyta (Watson, 1881){{WRMS species|139245|Gymnobela chyta (Watson, 1881)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela clara Thiele, 1925{{WRMS species|433955|Gymnobela clara Thiele, 1925||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela crassilirata Sysoev, 1990{{WRMS species|433956|Gymnobela crassilirata Sysoev, 1990||16 April 2010}}
  • † Gymnobela cyrillei Lozouet, 2017
  • Gymnobela dagama (Barnard, 1963){{WRMS species|433957|Gymnobela dagama (Barnard, 1963)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela daphnelloides (Dall, 1895){{WRMS species|432722|Gymnobela daphnelloides (Dall, 1895)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela dautzenbergi (Knudsen, 1952){{WRMS species|433958|Gymnobela dautzenbergi (Knudsen, 1952)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela dubia (Schepman, 1913){{WRMS species|433959|Gymnobela dubia (Schepman, 1913)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela edgariana (Dall, 1889){{WRMS species|420381|Gymnobela edgariana (Dall, 1889)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela emertoni (Verrill, 1884){{WRMS species|139246|Gymnobela emertoni (Verrill, 1884)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela engonia Verrill, 1884{{WRMS species|139247|Gymnobela engonia Verrill, 1884||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela eridmata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001{{WRMS species|433960|Gymnobela eridmata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela erronea Thiele, 1925{{WRMS species|432850|Gymnobela erronea Thiele, 1925||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela eugenia Sysoev & Ivanov, 1985{{WRMS species|433961|Gymnobela eugenia Sysoev & Ivanov, 1985||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela felderi Garcia, 2005{{WRMS species|389523|Gymnobela felderi Garcia, 2005||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela filifera (Dall, 1881){{WRMS species|420383|Gymnobela filifera (Dall, 1881)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela fredericqae Garcia, 2005{{WRMS species|389524|Gymnobela fredericqae Garcia, 2005||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela frielei (Verrill, 1885){{WRMS species|139248|Gymnobela frielei (Verrill, 1885)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela fulvotincta (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896){{WRMS species|139249|Gymnobela fulvotincta (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela glaucocreas (Barnard, 1963){{WRMS species|433962|Gymnobela glaucocreas (Barnard, 1963)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela gracilis Sysoev, 1990{{WRMS species|433963|Gymnobela gracilis Sysoev, 1990||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela granulisculpturata Sysoev, 1990{{WRMS species|433964|Gymnobela granulisculpturata Sysoev, 1990||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela guineensis Thiele, 1925{{WRMS species|432851|Gymnobela guineensis Thiele, 1925||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela gypsata (Watson, 1881)
  • Gymnobela homoeotata (Watson, 1886){{WRMS species|433965|Gymnobela homoeotata (Watson, 1886)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela illicita Dall, 1927{{WRMS species|433966|Gymnobela illicita Dall, 1927||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela ioessa Sysoev, 1997{{WRMS species|433967|Gymnobela ioessa Sysoev, 1997||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela isogonia (Dall, 1908){{WRMS species|433968|Gymnobela isogonia (Dall, 1908)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela lamyi (Dautzenberg, 1925){{WRMS species|139251|Gymnobela lamyi (Dautzenberg, 1925)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela lanceata Dall, 1927{{WRMS species|432852|Gymnobela lanceata Dall, 1927||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela laticaudata Sysoev, 1990{{WRMS species|433970|Gymnobela laticaudata Sysoev, 1990||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela latistriata Kantor & Sysoev, 1986{{WRMS species|433971|Gymnobela latistriata Kantor & Sysoev, 1986||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela leptoglypta (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896){{WRMS species|139252|Gymnobela leptoglypta (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela lineola (Dall, 1927)
  • Gymnobela micraulax Sysoev, 1997{{WRMS species|433972|Gymnobela micraulax Sysoev, 1997||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela midpacifica Stahlschmidt & Chino, 2012
  • Gymnobela mitrodeta Sysoev, 1997{{WRMS species|433973|Gymnobela mitrodeta Sysoev, 1997||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela multilirata Ortega & Gofas, 2019
  • Gymnobela muricata Sysoev, 1997{{WRMS species|433974|Gymnobela muricata Sysoev, 1997||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela nivea Sysoev, 1990{{WRMS species|433975|Gymnobela nivea Sysoev, 1990||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela oculifera Kantor & Sysoev, 1986{{WRMS species|433976|Gymnobela oculifera Kantor & Sysoev, 1986||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela petiti Garcia, 2005{{WRMS species|389525|Gymnobela petiti Garcia, 2005||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela phyxanor (Watson, 1886){{WRMS species|139253|Gymnobela phyxanor (Watson, 1886)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela procera Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001{{WRMS species|433977|Gymnobela procera Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela pulchra (Schepman, 1913){{WRMS species|433978|Gymnobela pulchra (Schepman, 1913)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela pyrrhogramma (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896){{WRMS species|139254|Gymnobela pyrrhogramma (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela rotundata Sysoev, 1990{{WRMS species|433979|Gymnobela rotundata Sysoev, 1990||16 April 2010}}
  • † Gymnobela salinasi (Calcara, 1841)
  • † Gymnobela santorsolae Tabanelli, 2018
  • Gymnobela subaraneosa (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896){{WRMS species|139255|Gymnobela subaraneosa (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela turrispira Sysoev, 1990{{WRMS species|433981|Gymnobela turrispira Sysoev, 1990||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela verecunda (Barnard, 1963){{WRMS species|433982|Gymnobela verecunda (Barnard, 1963)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela vicella (Dall, 1908){{WRMS species|433983|Gymnobela vicella (Dall, 1908)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela virgo (Okutani, 1966){{WRMS species|433984|Gymnobela virgo (Okutani, 1966)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela virgulata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001{{WRMS species|433985|Gymnobela virgulata Sysoev & Bouchet, 2001||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela xaioca Figueira & Absalão, 2012
  • Gymnobela xylona (Dall, 1908){{WRMS species|433986|Gymnobela xylona (Dall, 1908)||16 April 2010}}
  • Gymnobela yoshidai (Habe, 1962){{WRMS species|433987|Gymnobela yoshidai (Habe, 1962)||16 April 2010}}

}}

; Species brought into synonymy:

  • Gymnobela adenicus [sic]: synonym of Gymnobela adenica Sysoev, 1996
  • Gymnobela agassizi [sic]: synonym of Gymnobela agassizii (Verrill & S. Smith [in Verrill], 1880)
  • Gymnobela bathyiberica Fechter, 1976 : synonym of Theta vayssierei (Dautzenberg, 1925)
  • Gymnobela blakeana extensa Dall, 1881 : synonym of Mioawateria extensa (Dall, 1881)
  • Gymnobela brevis Verrill, 1885: synonym of Gymnobela blakeana (Dall, 1881)
  • Gymnobela chariessa (Watson, 1881): synonym of Theta chariessa (Watson, 1881)
  • Gymnobela curta Verrill, 1884: synonym of Gymnobela aquilarum (Watson, 1882)
  • Gymnobela extensa (Dall, 1881):{{WRMS species|420382|Gymnobela extensa (Dall, 1881)||16 April 2010}} synonym of Mioawateria extensa (Dall, 1881)
  • Gymnobela fulvocincta Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896: synonym of Gymnobela fulvotincta (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896)
  • Gymnobela gregaria Sykes, 1906: synonym of Gymnobela leptoglypta (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896)
  • Gymnobela grundifera Dall, 1927: synonym of Daphnella grundifera (Dall, 1927)
  • Gymnobela holomera Locard, 1897: synonym of Gymnobela pyrrhogramma (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896)
  • Gymnobela homeotata (Watson, 1886): synonym of Gymnobela homaeotata (Watson, 1886)
  • Gymnobela imitator Dall, 1927: synonym of Pleurotomella imitator (Dall, 1927)
  • Gymnobela judithae Clarke, 1989: synonym of Mioawateria extensa (Dall, 1881)
  • Gymnobela leptoconchum Locard, 1897: synonym of Gymnobela emertoni (Verrill & Smith in Verrill, 1884)
  • Gymnobela lyroniclea [sic]: synonym of Gymnobela lyronuclea (A.H. Clarke, 1959): synonym of Theta lyronuclea (A.H. Clarke, 1959)
  • Gymnobela lyronuclea (A.H. Clarke, 1959): synonym of Theta lyronuclea (A.H. Clarke, 1959)
  • Gymnobela malmii (Dall, 1889):{{WRMS species|420384|Gymnobela malmii (Dall, 1889)||16 April 2010}} synonym of Mioawateria malmii (Dall, 1889)
  • Gymnobela nudator (Locard, 1897): synonym of Bathybela nudator (Locard, 1897)
  • Gymnobela pinguis Locard, 1897: synonym of Gymnobela aquilarum (Watson, 1882)
  • † Gymnobela pusula (Laws, 1947): synonym of † Acanthodaphne pusula (Laws, 1947)
  • Gymnobela pycnoides Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896: synonym of Mioawateria malmii (Dall, 1889)
  • Gymnobela recondita Tiberi, 1869: synonym of Gymnobela pyrrhogramma (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896)
  • Gymnobela rhomboidea Thiele, 1925: synonym of Mioawateria rhomboidea (Thiele, 1925)
  • Gymnobela sibogae (Schepman, 1913):{{WRMS species|433980|Gymnobela sibogae (Schepman, 1913)||16 April 2010}} synonym of Spergo sibogae Schepman, 1913
  • Gymnobela subangulata Verrill, 1884: synonym of Gymnobela aquilarum (Watson, 1882)
  • Gymnobela tenelluna (Locard, 1897): synonym of Bathybela tenelluna (Locard, 1897)
  • Gymnobela tenellunum [sic]: synonym of Gymnobela tenelluna (Locard, 1897): synonym of Bathybela tenelluna (Locard, 1897)
  • Gymnobela tincta Verrill, 1885: synonym of Gymnobela emertoni (Verrill & Smith in Verrill, 1884)
  • Gymnobela vayssierei (Dautzenberg, 1925): synonym of Theta vayssierei (Dautzenberg, 1925)
  • Gymnobela virgo (Okutani, 1966): synonym of Bathytoma virgo (Okutani, 1966)
  • Gymnobela watsoni (Dautzenberg, 1889):{{WRMS species|139256|Gymnobela watsoni (Dautzenberg, 1889)||16 April 2010}} synonym of Mioawateria watsoni (Dautzenberg, 1889)

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

External links

{{Commons category}}

  • [https://www.gbif.org/species/2303844 Gymnobela A. E. Verrill, 1884] at the Global Biodiversity Information Facility
  • [http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Gymnobela/classification/ Gymnobela] on Animal Diversity Web
  • [http://www.bagniliggia.it/WMSD/HtmFamily/RAPHITOMIDAELS.htm Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base: Raphitomidae]
  • {{cite journal | last1 = Tucker | first1 = J.K. | year = 2004 | title = Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda) | url = http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2004f/z00682f.pdf | format = PDF | journal = Zootaxa | volume = 682 | pages = 1–1295}}
  • [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36853071 Cossmann, M. (1896). Essais de paléoconchologie comparée. Deuxième livraison. Paris, The author and Comptoir Géologique. 179 pp., 8 pls]

{{Taxonbar|from=Q3172663}}

Category:Raphitomidae