Hôtel-Dieu-le-Comte de Troyes

The hôtel-Dieu was founded in the 11th century by Count Henry the Liberal of Champagne, and held by the Augustinian order with assets such as a mill in 1174.{{Cite book |title=Archives départementales de l'Aube |publisher=Hôtel Dieu-le-Comte |language=fr |issue=4}} It is part of the same foundation as the collegiate church of Saint-Étienne de Troyes and was under the same name of Domus Dei B. Stephani. Stephani. It was part of the palace complex of the counts of Champagne, which included the palace, the collegiate church and the Hôtel-Dieu.

File:Chapelle hotel dieu le comte 1141011.jpg

It is the largest of the city's five hôtels-Dieu{{Cite web |last=GESRET |first=Julie |title=Un hôpital au Moyen Age : l'hôtel-Dieu Saint-Nicolas de Troyes du xiiie au xve siècle |url=http://theses.enc.sorbonne.fr/2003/gesret}} and one of only two surviving buildings, along with the hospice Saint-Nicolas de Troyes. It has its own possessions, such as the mills at Trévois, the tannery, the oven and the barn at Croncels. It has been under the king's authority since 1284 and has two responsibilities: to welcome pilgrims and, if it did not receive lepers, the blind, one-armed people and other cripples, foundlings because they could not be cured, and women after they had given birth until they could be raised. In the 16th century, the facility was extended to all populations, and remained a medical center until 1988.

Enlarged in 1270 by a donation from Renaud de Bar-le-Duc, the church had its own chapel and cemetery. The two-level chapel was dedicated to Sainte-Marguerite, where the dead were laid to rest below, and to Saint-Barthélemy in the upper chapel. The hôtel-Dieu was enlarged in 1482 and 1494, and its façade on rue de la Cité was rectified in 1631. It was rebuilt between 1701 and 1764 to its current configuration. The gate was designed by Pierre Delphin at the request of Troyes bishop François Bouthillier and Troyes mayors Louis de Mauroy and Jacques Berthelin. The chapel stands on the site of the former Girouarde gateway to the city via Agrippa.

The hôtel-Dieu was listed as a historic monument in 1889 (the gate) and 1964 (the facades and roofs of the buildings).

File:Plan hotel dieu le comte 1839.jpg

Run by the Augustinian order, it had separate rooms and staff for men and women, as was customary at the time. The master was appointed and dismissed by the count, and was assisted by two or three canons of St. Stephen's chapter and its dean. For the accounts, he was assisted by one or more of the town's burghers, his brother procurator and the count's chaplain.

By the 16th century, this service had been extended to all, and the average number of patients was around forty. They were cared for by brothers and sisters, barbers and surgeons. In 1721, there were thirty beds for men and the same number for women, a number which rose to thirty-four double beds and two single beds for women, and forty double beds and six single beds for men in 1820.

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File:Troyes (10) Hôtel-Dieu 02.JPG|Detail of the gate

File:Troyes (10) Hôtel-Dieu 05.JPG|The chapel

File:Troyes (10) Hôtel-Dieu 06.JPG|Its sundial

File:Hotel Dieu 03218 salon.JPG|Living room

File:Site universitaire Diieu le comte 03237.JPG

Since 1992, part of the historic buildings have housed the classrooms and university library of the University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne.

Since June 29, 2013, the restored outbuildings of this hôtel-Dieu have housed a stained glass conservatory known as the Cité du Vitrail. The Aube department lays claim to the title of "European capital of stained glass", with a significant heritage of listed stained glass windows, representing almost 9, 000 m2 of stained glass from the 11th to the 21st century, in nearly 400 churches and monuments.{{Cite web |date=2013 |title=La "Cité du vitrail" de Troyes met en lumière le patrimoine vitré |url=https://www.lepoint.fr/culture/la-cite-du-vitrail-de-troyes-met-en-lumiere-le-patrimoine-vitre-01-07-2013-1687919_3.php |website=Le Point}} This space closed its doors in December 2018 to allow work to develop on the entire site and open the "big" Cité du Vitrail at the end of 2022. The new spaces, located in the west wing of the Hôtel-Dieu-le-Comte and its chapel, will offer 3,000m2 of exhibition space, a resource center, a study center, a bookshop-boutique and a conference room.

File:Salle Cité du vitrail 1507683.jpg|A hall of the Cité du Vitrail

File:Arbre de Jessé Laines au bois 08564.JPG|Jesse Tree at Laines-aux-Bois

File:Rondel avec la figure de Saint Claude.jpg|Roundel

File:Entrée d'Henri IV à Paris.jpg|Entry of Henry IV to Paris from the Hotel de l'Arquebuse

File:Hérod et ses conseillers 08537 abb St-Denis 1140.JPG|Herod and his advisors.

Housed in the former 18th-century apothecary, the museum's collection features objects from the hôtel-Dieu, the oldest of which date back to the 16th century. Since 2023, it has been part of the new Cité du Vitrail.

File:Albarello 08368 verrerie.jpg|Box, bottle for ingredients

File:Salle apothicairierie 08367.JPG|Apothecary room

File:Fontaine à thiéraque 08364.jpg|Theriac fountain

File:Mortier Claude Benard 08399.JPG|Mortar

It is organized into three rooms:

• The apothecary, where ingredients for making remedies are stored. Shelved here are 319 painted boxes (silenes) with 18th-century decoration, as well as numerous earthenware and glass containers. These include albarelles, pestles, glass flasks, etc.
• The vaulted room, once used as a laboratory. Showcases are devoted to the history of medicine and pharmacopoeia.
• A third room contains the collection of objects from the hôtel-Dieu, including several shrines and a crosier.

The museum was founded in 1976 and was located near the cathedral. It also houses the Jean-Marie Denis collection.{{Cite web |title=Apothicairerie de l'Hôtel-Dieu le-Comte |url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fmusees-de-france-champagne-ardenne.culture.fr%2Fpharma_musee.html#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&tab=url}}

Since Monday May 21, 2018, and for an extended period, the apothecary of the Hôtel Dieu-le-Comte has been closed. This closure is linked to the renovation works on the west wing of the building, which is to house the future Cité du Vitrail (a project supported by the Aube department).

File:Buste 08505 jules Hervey.jpg|Bust of Jules Hervey

File:Buffet apothicairerie 08515.jpg|Buffet

File:Châsse 1520 Barthélémy 08490.JPG|Shrine from 1520 of Saint Bartholomew

File:08443Palerme XVIII.JPG|From Palermo, 18th century

The hôtel-Dieu now houses three temporary exhibition rooms organized by the Conseil Départemental de l'Aube.

• From the end of 2018, they hosted the ArkéAube temporary exhibition,{{Cite web |title=ArkéAube, une exposition-événement à Troyes |url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Farke.aube.fr%2F#federation=archive.wikiwix.com&tab=url}} which featured objects from the Moutot funerary complex in Lavau. This exhibition closed on September 30, 2019.

File:Cuirasses de Marmesse 76593.jpg|Cuirasses of Marmesse

File:Bracelet prince lavau 76661.jpg|Bracelet of the Prince of Lavau

File:Bague ors 76535.jpg|Gold ring from Barbuise

File:Ébauche de hache Villemaure 76425.jpg|Draft of Villemaure axes

• The 2020 exhibition titled "Troyes 1420: A King for Two Crowns" focuses on the Treaty of Troyes, ratified on May 21, 1420, in Troyes.

{{reflist}}

• {{Cite book |last=Guignard |first=Philippe |title=Les Anciens Statuts de l'hôtel-Dieu le Comte de Troyes |language=fr}}
• {{Cite book |last=Barbeau |first=Albert |title=La Construction de l'hôtel-Dieu le Comte de Troyes au xvie siècle |publisher=Mémoires de la Société, académique de l'Aube |language=fr}}

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Category:Museums in Troyes

Category:History of medicine in France

Category:Hospices

Category:Defunct medical and health organizations

Category:Monuments historiques of Aube

Category:History of Troyes