H-IIA#Variants
{{Short description|Expendable medium-lift launch vehicle}}
{{Other uses|H2A (disambiguation)}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox rocket
|name = H-IIA
|image = H_IIA_No._F23_with_GPM_on_its_way_to_the_launchpad.jpg
|caption = H-IIA rolls out to the launch pad, February 2014
|function = Medium-lift launch vehicle
|manufacturer = Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
|country-origin = Japan
|cpl-year =
|cpl = {{US$|90 million}}{{Cite web |date=August 16, 2017 |title=Surplus Missile Motors: Sale Price Drives Potential Effects on DOD and Commercial Launch Providers |url=https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-17-609 |access-date=2024-09-08 |website=Government Accountability Office |language=en}}
|height = {{cvt|53|m}}
|diameter = {{cvt|4|m}}
|mass = {{cvt|285000-445000|kg}}
|stages = 2
|family = H-II family
|derivatives = H-IIB
|capacities =
{{Infobox rocket/payload
|location = LEO
|mass = {{cvt|10000-15000|kg}}
}}
{{Infobox rocket/payload
|location = GTO
|mass = {{cvt|4,100-6,000|kg}}
}}
|status = Active
|sites = Tanegashima, LA-Y1
|first = {{plainlist|
- 202: 29 August 2001
- 204: 18 December 2006
- 2022: 26 February 2005
- 2024: 4 February 2002
}}
|last = {{plainlist|
- 202: 26 September 2024 (active)
- 204: 22 December 2021
- 2022: 14 September 2007
- 2024: 23 February 2008
}}
|launches = {{flatlist|
- 49
- 202: 34
- 204: 5
- 2022: 3
- 2024: 7
}}
|success = {{flatlist|
- 48
- 202: 34
- 204: 5
- 2022: 3
- 2024: 6
}}
|fail =
|partial =
|other =
|payloads = {{flatlist|
}}
|stagedata =
{{Infobox rocket/stage
|type = booster
|name = SRB-A
|number = 2–4
|length = {{cvt|15.1|m}}
|diameter = {{cvt|2.5|m}}
|empty =
|gross =
|propmass =
|engines =
|solid = yes
|thrust = {{cvt|2260|kN}}
|total = {{cvt|4520–9040|kN}}
|SI = {{cvt|280|isp}}
|burntime = 120 seconds
|fuel = HTPB
}}
{{Infobox rocket/stage
|type = booster
|diff = 2022, 2024
|name = Castor 4A-XL
|number = 2–4
|length = {{cvt|38|ft|m|order=flip}}
|diameter = {{cvt|40.1|in|m|order=flip}}{{cite web |url= https://cdn.northropgrumman.com/-/media/wp-content/uploads/NG-Propulsion-Products-Catalog.pdf?v=1.0.0 |title=Propulsion Products Catalog |publisher=Northrop Grumman}}
|empty =
|gross = {{cvt|33031|lb|kg|order=flip}}
|propmass = {{cvt|28906| lb|kg|order=flip}}
|solid = yes
|thrust = {{cvt|172060|lbf|kN|order=flip|0}}
|total = {{cvt|344120– 688240|lbf|kN|order=flip|0}}
|SI = {{cvt|282.6|isp}}
|burntime = 58 seconds
|fuel = HTPB/Al
}}
{{Infobox rocket/stage
|type = stage
|stageno = First
|name =
|length = {{cvt|37.2|m}}
|diameter = {{cvt|4|m}}
|empty =
|gross =
|propmass =
|engines = 1 × LE-7A
|thrust = {{cvt|1098|kN}}
|SI = {{cvt|440|isp}}
|burntime = 390 seconds
}}
{{Infobox rocket/stage
|type = stage
|stageno = Second
|name =
|length = {{cvt|9.2|m}}
|diameter = {{cvt|4|m}}
|empty =
|gross =
|propmass =
|engines = 1 × LE-5B
|thrust = {{cvt|137|kN}}
|SI = {{cvt|447|isp}}
|burntime = 534 seconds
}}
|derived_from=H-II}}
Image:H-IIA F19 launching IGS-O4.jpg
Image:H-IIA-Launch-Vehicle.png
H-IIA (H-2A) is an active expendable launch system operated by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) for the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. These liquid fuel rockets have been used to launch satellites into geostationary orbit; lunar orbiting spacecraft; Akatsuki, which studied the planet Venus; and the Emirates Mars Mission, which was launched to Mars in July 2020. Launches occur at the Tanegashima Space Center. The H-IIA first flew in 2001. {{As of|2024|9}}, H-IIA rockets were launched 49 times, including 43 consecutive missions without a failure, dating back to 29 November 2003.
Production and management of the H-IIA shifted from JAXA to MHI on 1 April 2007. Flight 13, which launched the lunar orbiter SELENE, was the first H-IIA launched after this privatization.{{cite web |url=http://www.satnews.com/stories2007/4356/|title=Mitsubishi and Arianespace Combine Commercial Satellite Launch Services|publisher=SatNews|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208014829/http://www.satnews.com/stories2007/4356/|archive-date=February 8, 2012}}
The H-IIA is a derivative of the earlier H-II rocket, substantially redesigned to improve reliability and minimize costs. There have been four variants, with two in active service (as of 2020) for various purposes. A derivative design, the H-IIB, was developed in the 2000s and made its maiden flight in 2009 before finally retired on its final launch in 2020.
Vehicle description
The base configuration, and the only remaining active configuration of an H-IIA launch vehicle, uses two SRB-A type solid rocket boosters (SRBs). The launch capability of the H-IIA launch vehicle could be enhanced by adding an additional two SRB-A boosters or up to four Castor 4AXL solid strap-on boosters (SSBs).
The models are indicated by three or four numbers following the prefix "H2A":{{cite web|url=http://www.jaxa.jp/pr/brochure/pdf/01/rocket01.pdf|title=H-IIA Launch Vehicle |access-date=2007-09-15|publisher=JAXA|page=2|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228013323/http://www.jaxa.jp/pr/brochure/pdf/01/rocket01.pdf|archive-date=2008-02-28}}
- The first number in the sequence indicates the number of stages (always 2)
- The second number in the sequence indicates the number of liquid rocket boosters (a planned addition to the launch vehicle that was canceled, so always 0)
- The third number in the sequence indicates the number of SRB-A type solid rocket boosters (2 or 4)
- The fourth, optional, number in the sequence indicates the number of Castor 4AXL solid strap-on boosters (2 or 4)
Variants
;Launch system status:
{{legend|#bbffbb|Active}}
{{legend|#f9f9f9|Discontinued}}{{legend|#e0e0e0|Cancelled}}
class="wikitable" | |||
Designation
! Mass (tonnes) ! Payload to GTO (tonnes) ! Addon modules | |||
---|---|---|---|
style="background: #bbffbb
| H2A 202 | 285 | 4.1 | 2 SRB-A (SRB) |
H2A 2022[https://web.archive.org/web/20070105140945/http://www.nikkei.co.jp/news/sangyo/20061205AT1D0300504122006.html 三菱重工、「H2A」2機種に半減・民営化でコスト減]. NIKKEI NET | 316 | 4.5 | 2 SRB-A (SRB) + 2 Castor 4AXL (SSB) |
H2A 2024 | 347 | 5 | 2 SRB-A (SRB) + 4 Castor 4AXL (SSB) |
H2A 204 | 445 | 6 | 4 SRB-A (SRB) |
style="background: #e0e0e0
| H2A 212 | 403 | 7.5 | 2 SRB-A (SRB) + 1 LRB{{cite web|url=https://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Japan_Reenters_Rocket_Race_With_New_Improved_H2A.html|title=Japan Reenters Rocket Race With New Improved H2A|publisher=Space Daily|date=20 August 2001}}{{Cite web|url=https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/h-2a.htm|title = H-2A}} |
style="background: #e0e0e0
| H2A 222 | 520 | 9.5 | 2 SRB-A (SRB) + 2 LRBs |
Launch history
{{main|List of H-II and H3 launches}}
The first H-IIA was successfully launched on 29 August 2001, followed by a string of successes.
The sixth launch on 29 November 2003, intended to launch two IGS reconnaissance satellites, failed. JAXA announced that launches would resume in 2005, and the first successful flight took place on 26 February 2005 with the launch of MTSAT-1R.
The first launch for a mission beyond Earth orbit was on 14 September 2007 for the SELENE Moon mission. The first foreign payload on the H-IIA was the Australian FedSat-1 in 2002. As of March 2015, 27 out of 28 launches were successful.
A rocket with increased launch capabilities, H-IIB, is a derivative of the H-IIA family. H-IIB uses two LE-7A engines in its first stage, as opposed to one in H-IIA. The first H-IIB was successfully launched on 10 September 2009.
For the 29th flight on 24 November 2015, an H-IIA with an upgraded second stage{{Cite web|url=http://global.jaxa.jp/press/2015/11/20151124_h2af29.html|title=Launch Result of Telstar 12 VANTAGE by H-IIA Launch Vehicle No. 29|publisher=JAXA|date=24 November 2015|access-date=30 November 2015}} launched the Telstar 12V satellite, the first commercial primary payload for a Japanese launch vehicle.{{cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/11/japanese-h-iia-telstar-12v-launch/|title=Japanese H-IIA successfully lofts Telstar 12V|publisher=NASASpaceflight|author=William Graham|date=23 November 2015 |access-date=30 November 2015}}
See also
{{Portal|Spaceflight}}
References
Notes
{{Reflist|30em}}
Sources
{{Refbegin}}
- {{cite web|title=Japan Prepares for Crucial Rocket Launch|work=SPACE.com|url=http://www.space.com/missionlaunches/ap_jaxa_h2a_050209.html|access-date=16 February 2005}}
- {{cite web|title=H-IIA Expendable Launch Vehicle|work=SPACEandTECH|url=http://www.spaceandtech.com/spacedata/elvs/h2a_sum.shtml|access-date=February 16, 2005|url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120204034049/http://www.spaceandtech.com/spacedata/elvs/h2a_sum.shtml|archive-date=February 4, 2012}}
{{Refend}}
External links
{{commons category|H-IIA}}
- [http://h2a.mhi.co.jp/en/ H-IIA LAUNCH SERVICES] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171012201800/http://h2a.mhi.co.jp/en/ |date=12 October 2017 }}, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
- [https://global.jaxa.jp/projects/rockets/h2a/index.html JAXA H-IIA English page]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20070321160909/http://www.jaxa.jp/index_e.html JAXA English page]
- [http://www.jaxa.jp/projects/in_progress_e.html JAXA Launch Schedule] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130511083231/http://www.jaxa.jp/projects/in_progress_e.html |date=11 May 2013 }}
- [http://www.jaxa.jp/about/centers/tnsc/index_e.html Tanegashima Space Center] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061208095420/http://www.jaxa.jp/about/centers/tnsc/index_e.html |date=8 December 2006 }}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20050404015815/http://visit.jaxa.jp/tanegashima/index_e.html "Tanegashima Space Center"– VISIT JAXA --]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20041015211458/http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/h2a.htm Encyclopedia Astronautica page]
- [http://spaceflightnow.com/h2a/f6/ Failed Launch, 11-29-2003]
- [http://www.spaceflightnow.com/h2a/f2/020201rocket.html Image]
- [http://www.spaceflightnow.com/h2a/f3/020908rocket.html Launch 2 Image]
{{Mitsubishi Heavy Industries}}
{{Expendable launch systems}}
{{Japanese launch systems}}
Category:Expendable space launch systems
Category:Mitsubishi Heavy Industries space launch vehicles