HFLS3

{{Short description|Galaxy in the constellation Draco}}

{{Infobox galaxy

| name = HFLS 3

| image =

| caption =

| epoch = J2000

| constellation name = Draco

| ra = {{RA|17|06|47.8}}{{cite simbad|title=NAME HFLS 3|access-date=17 February 2018}}

| dec = {{DEC|+58|46|23}}

| z = 6.34

| h_radial_v = {{val|288866}} km/s

| dist_ly = 12.8 billion light-years (4.0 billion parsecs)
(light travel distance)
28 billion light-years (8.6 billion parsecs)
(present proper distance)

| mass = {{val|2.7e11}}

| stars = 35 billion (3.5×10¹⁰)

| notes = Interacting galaxies

| names = 1HERMES S350 J170647.8+584623, [RCP2021] HFLS3

}}

HFLS3 is the name for a distant galaxy at z = 6.34 (i.e. 12.8 billion light-years), originating about 880 million years after the Big Bang.{{Cite journal |title=A dust-obscured massive maximum-starburst galaxy at a redshift of 6.34 |journal=Nature |volume=496 |issue=7445 |first1=D. A. |last1=Riechers |first2=C. M. |last2=Bradford |first3=D. L. |last3=Clements |first4=C. D. |last4=Dowell |first5=I. |last5=Pérez-Fournon |first6=R. J. |last6=Ivison |first7=C. |last7=Bridge |first8=A. |last8=Conley |first9=H. |last10=Vieira |first10=J. D. |last11=Wardlow |first11=J. |last12=Calanog |first12=J. |last13=Cooray |first13=A. |last14=Hurley |first14=P. |last15=Neri |first15=R. |last16=Kamenetzky |first16=J. |last17=Aguirre |first17=J. E. |last18=Altieri |first18=B. |last19=Arumugam |first19=V. |last20=Benford |first20=D. J. |last21=Béthermin |first21=M. |last22=Bock |first22=J. |last23=Burgarella |first23=D. |last24=Cabrera-Lavers |first24=A. |last25=Chapman |first25=S. C. |last26=Cox |first26=P. |last27=Dunlop |first27=J. S. |last28=Earle |first28=L. |last29=Farrah |first29=D. |last30=Ferrero |first30=P. |last9=Fu |pages=329–333 |year=2013 |pmid=23598341 |doi=10.1038/nature12050|display-authors=8 |arxiv = 1304.4256 |bibcode = 2013Natur.496..329R |s2cid=4428367 }} Its discovery was announced on 18 April 2013 as an exceptional starburst galaxy producing nearly 3,000 solar masses of stars a year. It was found using the far-infrared-capable Herschel Space Telescope. The galaxy was estimated to have 35 billion stars.{{Cite web|url=http://news.cornell.edu/stories/2013/04/despite-young-age-galaxy-births-billions-stars|title=Despite young age, galaxy births billions of stars {{!}} Cornell Chronicle|website=news.cornell.edu|language=en|access-date=2018-01-30}} It is 10–30 times the mass of other known galaxies at such an early time in the universe.

HFLS3 was subjected to a follow-up campaign by other telescopes due to its high redness. It was found in the HerMES campaign, which also found other very red sources.{{cite book|last=Clements|first=David L.|title=Infrared Astronomy – Seeing the Heat: from William Herschel to the Herschel Space Observatory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L29YBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA185|year=2014|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4822-3727-6|page=185}}