HMB-45

HMB-45 was discovered by Drs. Allen M. Gown and Arthur M. Vogel in 1986.{{cite journal |vauthors=Gown AM, Vogel AM, Hoak D, Gough F, McNutt MA |title=Monoclonal antibodies specific for melanocytic tumors distinguish subpopulations of melanocytes |journal=Am. J. Pathol. |volume=123 |issue=2 |pages=195–203 |year=1986 |pmid=3518473 |pmc=1888307}} The antibody was generated to an extract of melanoma.

In a study to determine diagnostic usefulness of specific antibodies used to identify melanoma, HMB-45 had a 92% sensitivity when used to identify melanoma. The antibody also reacts positively against junctional nevus cells and fetal melanocytes.{{cite journal | pmc = 3078142 | pmid=21526207 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0018784 | volume=6 | title=Melanoma spheroids grown under neural crest cell conditions are highly plastic migratory/invasive tumor cells endowed with immunomodulator function | year=2011 | journal=PLOS ONE | pages=e18784 | last1 = Ramgolam | first1 = K | last2 = Lauriol | first2 = J | last3 = Lalou | first3 = C | last4 = Lauden | first4 = L | last5 = Michel | first5 = L | last6 = de la Grange | first6 = P | last7 = Khatib | first7 = AM | last8 = Aoudjit | first8 = F | last9 = Charron | first9 = D | last10 = Alcaide-Loridan | first10 = C | last11 = Al-Daccak | first11 = R| issue=4 | doi-access=free }}

Despite this relatively high sensitivity—HMB-45 does have its drawbacks. HMB-45 can be detected in only 50-70% of melanomas. HMB-45 does not react well against intradermal nevi, normal adult melanocytes, spindle cell melanomas and desmoplastic melanomas. HMB-45 is nonreactive with almost all non-melanoma human malignancies, with the exception of rare tumors showing evidence of melanogenesis (e.g., pigmented schwannoma, clear cell sarcoma) or tumors associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (angiomyolipoma and lymphangiomyoma).{{Cite journal

| last1 = Mahmood | first1 = M. N.

| last2 = Lee | first2 = M. W.

| last3 = Linden | first3 = M. D.

| last4 = Nathanson | first4 = S. D.

| last5 = Hornyak | first5 = T. J.

| last6 = Zarbo | first6 = R. J.

| doi = 10.1097/01.MP.0000037313.33138.DF

| title = Diagnostic Value of HMB-45 and Anti-Melan a Staining of Sentinel Lymph Nodes with Isolated Positive Cells

| journal = Modern Pathology

| volume = 15

| issue = 12

| pages = 1288–1293

| year = 2002

| pmid = 12481009

| doi-access = free

}}

HMB-45 should be stored at 4 degree Celsius, where the antibody will be stable for up to 2 months without any loss of quality.

When conducting an immunocytochemical studies to identify melanoma for scientific or clinical studies, scientist and medical professionals can also use S-100, Melan-A, Tyrosinase, and Mitf to identify tumors.

• List of histologic stains that aid in diagnosis of cutaneous conditions

• {{cite journal |pmid=12472287 |doi=10.1309/EWK9-LUPR-6BC5-1GXV |volume=118 |title=Comparison of five antibodies as markers in the diagnosis of melanoma in cytologic preparations |year=2002 |journal=American Journal of Clinical Pathology |pages=930–6 |last1= Sheffield |first1=M. V. |last2=Yee |first2=H. |last3=Dorvault |first3=C. C. |last4=Weilbaecher |first4=K. N. |last5=Eltoum |first5=I. A. |last6=Siegal |first6=G. P. |last7=Fisher |first7=D. E. |last8=Chhieng |first8=D. C. |issue=6 |doi-access=free }}

• [https://www.scbt.com/scbt/product/melanoma-marker-antibody-hmb45 Melanoma Marker (HMB45) Antibody] - https://www.scbt.com
• [http://www.abcam.com/index.html?datasheet=787 Melanoma antibody (ab787) datasheet] - abcam.com.
• [http://www.novusbio.com/PMEL17-SILV-Antibody-HMB45_NBP2-29418.html Novus Biologicals HMB-45]
• [https://www.cellosaurus.org/CVCL_B3XR Cellosaurus entry for the hybridoma producing HMB-45]

Category:Histopathology

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