HMS Columbine (1806)

Commander James Bradshaw commissioned Columbine in August 1806. He then sailed for Halifax on 6 April 1807.{{sfnp|Winfield|2008|pp=295}} In early July Columbine brought to Halifax dispatches concerning the Chesapeake–Leopard affair, which had transpired on 22 June.{{Cite web |url=http://www.morrin.org/transactions/docsfromclient/books/31/31_f.html |title=Documents Relating to the War of 1812 |access-date=26 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029192753/http://www.morrin.org/transactions/docsfromclient/books/31/31_f.html |archive-date=29 October 2013 |url-status=dead }}

Lieutenant George Hills received promotion to commander and command of Columbine on 20 April 1808, replacing Bradshaw.{{sfnp|Winfield|2008|pp=295}}

A mutiny occurred on board Columbine, on 1 August 1809, off St Andrews, New Brunswick.{{sfnp|Akins|1895|p=144}} Twenty-two seamen deserted and twenty-three were court martialed. Two of the crew gave evidence against the rest. A court martial found the boatswain, three seamen, and two marines guilty.{{sfnp|Gwyn|2004|pp=123–4}} They were executed on 18 September and afterwards were hung in chains on Meagher's (or Mauger's) Beach, Halifax.{{sfnp|Akins|1895|p=144}} The carpenter's mate and six other seamen were condemned to transportation to New South Wales.{{sfnp|Gwyn|2004|pp=123–4}} Hill sailed Columbine back to Britain where she was paid off in March 1810.Gentleman's Magazine, September 1850, Part 2, p.326.

In July Commander James Collins recommissioned Columbine. He then sailed her for the Mediterranean on 18 September. On 21 October 1810 he received promotion to post captain. His replacement, on 11 November, was Commander William Shepheard.For more on Commander William Shepheard see: {{Cite NBD1849 |wstitle=Shepheard, William}}{{sfnp|Winfield|2008|pp=295}}

On 4 June 1811, near Saint Lucar, Columbine{{'}}s boats captured a French naval settee, armed with two howitzers and six swivel guns, carrying a crew of 42 men.{{London Gazette|issue=16501|page=1223|date=2 July 1811}} The settee was Guadalquiver.{{London Gazette|issue=16556|page=2506|date=28 December 1811}}

Lieutenant George Augustus Westphal took temporary command of Columbine in June 1811 after Admiral Sir Richard Keats appointed Shepheard captain pro temp of the 74-gun {{HMS|Alfred|1778|2}}.{{sfnp|Marshall|1829|p=26}} Columbine was still under Westphal's command on 30 September, when her boats were again active, capturing two French privateers sheltering under the guns of shore batteries at Chipiona, which is about {{convert|5|km|spell=in}} south west of Saint Lucar and about {{convert|10|km|spell=in}} north west of Rota.{{London Gazette|issue=16530|page=1993|date=12 October 1811}} After about three months Shepheard returned to Columbine.{{sfnp|Marshall|1829|p=26}}

Admiral Legge, the commander of the British fleet at Cadiz, in mid-October ordered {{HMS|Stately|1784|2}}, Tuscan, and Columbine to transport troops to Tarifa. The troops were reinforcements for General Francisco Ballesteros, whose Spanish force was under pressure from the French forces at San Roque. The British squadron transported eight companies each of the 47th and 87th regiments of foot, a detachment of 70 men from the 95th Regiment, and four light artillery pieces. The troops landed on 18 October and the next day the French advanced along the coast. Fire from Tuscan, Stately{{'}}s boats, and Gunboat 14 sent them into retreat.{{London Gazette|issue=16527|page=2117|date=2 November 1811}}

In November 1811, Commander Richard H. Muddle replaced Shepheard. Under Muddle, Columbine spent 1812 and 1813 on the Portuguese coast.{{sfnp|Winfield|2008|pp=295}}

On 11 August 1812, Columbine detained the American ship Louisa, which was condemned as a "droit of the Crown".{{efn|A first-class share of the proceeds was worth £94 2s {{frac|2|1|4}}d; a sixth-class share, that of an ordinary seaman, was worth £2 2s {{frac|1|1|2}}d.{{London Gazette|issue=17348|page=644|date=11 April 1818}}}}

On 14 April 1813, Columbine recaptured Active,{{London Gazette|issue=17240|page=916|date=15 April 1817}} and shared the capture with {{HMS|Magicienne|1812|2}}.{{efn|For the crew of Magicienne, a first-class share of the proceeds was worth £60 9s {{frac|9|1|2}}d; a sixth-class share was worth 16s {{frac|6|1|2}}d. The prize money notice stated that Columbine{{'}}s crew had already been paid, and overpaid at that.{{London Gazette|issue=17245|pages=1009–1010|date=26 April 1817}}}}

In 1814 Columbine, was on the West Indies station. At some point she and the frigate {{HMS|Ister|1813|2}} captured the slaver Atrivedo, Catellanos, master. Atrivedo had sailed from Barbados to Guadeloupe. The seizure resulted in the rescue of 90 male slaves, 71 women, and 111 children."A return of all vessels engaged in the slave trade and detained by his Majesty's Cruisers". Parliamentary Papers, House of Commons and Command, Volume 17, p.306, (1818). H.M. Stationery Office.

On 16 March Columbine was in the Demerara River when Muddle awarded W. Hill, master of the ship Liverpool, a letter of approbation and a pendant to fly from her mast. Liverpool had repulsed an attack by the notorious, and usually more successful, American privateer {{ship||Snap Dragon|privateer|2}} in a five-hour action.{{cite news|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/hvd.32044105232912?urlappend=%3Bseq=373%3Bownerid=27021597765418435-381 |title=The Marine List |work=Lloyd's List |issue= |date=20 May 1814 |hdl=2027/hvd.32044105232912?urlappend=%3Bseq=373 |accessdate=22 November 2021}} The pendant was a signal to all British warships to respect Liverpool{{'}}s crew, i.e., not to press them.{{sfnp|Maclay|2004|p=444}}

On 8 March 1813 Columbine was in sight and approaching when {{HMS|Barbados|1813|2}} captured the American privateer Avon.

Between November 1818 and January 1820, Columbine underwent repairs at Plymouth. Then between April and September 1823 she underwent fitting there for sea duty. Commander the Honourable Charles Abbot commissioned her in September, and later sailed her for the Mediterranean, where she operated off the west coast of Greece.{{sfnp|Winfield|2008|pp=295}}

Columbine destroyed a pirate vessel on 26 November 1823, after removing the pirate's 25-man crew. At some point Columbine captured another pirate vessel that was sold at Carigo.{{efn|Carigo is probably Cerigo, a former Venetian possession now known as Cythera.}} In November 1827 bounty money for the captured men and prize money for the vessel was due for payment.{{efn|A first-class share was worth £52 1s {{frac|9|1|4}}d; a sixth-class share was worth 12s {{frac|3|3|4}}d.{{London Gazette|issue=18415|page=2370|date=16 November 1827}}}}

On 25 January 1824, Columbine wrecked on Sapientza Island, which is off the southern coast of the Peloponnese, near the city of Methóni. She had sailed from Corfu on 15 January and had arrived at the island on 19 January. Abbott initially went on shore to conduct a survey of the harbour and anchored her off Port Longue. On the night of the 24th, the weather worsened and her single anchor did not hold her securely, with the result that she drove onto a reef and foundered. Almost all her crew survived, having clambered onto the rocks; two crew members were lost. The subsequent court martial reprimanded Abbott and the master, James Atkinson, for having used only one anchor and for not having prepared for the eventuality of bad weather.{{sfnp|Hepper|2023|p=319}}

Another account reports that The Turkish garrison at Modon, though itself ill-provisioned, sent supplies that permitted the crew to subsist until {{HMS|Alacrity|1818|2}} could retrieve them.{{sfnp|Green|1827|pp=167–9}}

{{notelist}}

{{reflist|30em}}

• {{cite book |last1=Akins |first1=Dr. Thomas B. |year=1895 |title=History of Halifax City |location=Halifax, Nova Scotia}}
• {{cite book |last1=Gwyn |first1=Joan |year=2004 |title=Frigates and Foremasts: The North American Squadron in Nova Scotia Waters, 1745–1815 |publisher=UBC Press |isbn=9780774809115}}
• {{cite book |last1=Green |first1=Philip James |year=1827 |title=Sketches of the war in Greece, extracts from correspondence, with notes by R. L. Green}}
• {{cite book|last=Hepper|first=David J.|year=2023|title=British Warship Losses in the Age of Sail, 1649-1860|publisher=Seaforth|isbn=9781399031028 }}
• {{cite book |last=Maclay |first= Edgar Stanton |orig-year=1899|year= 2004|title=A History of American Privateers |location=New York |publisher=D. Appleton}}
• {{cite RNB1823 |wstitle=Wetphal, George |volume=sup |part=3 |page=}}
• {{cite book |first1=Rif |last1=Winfield |title=British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates |publisher=Seaforth Publishing|year=2008 |isbn=978-1-86176-246-7}}

• {{Commons category-inline|HMS Columbine (ship, 1806)}}

{{Cruizer class brig-sloop}}

{{1824 shipwrecks}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Columbine (1806)}}

Category:Brigs of the Royal Navy

Category:Cruizer-class brig-sloops

Category:1806 ships

Category:War of 1812 ships of the United Kingdom

Category:Maritime incidents in January 1824

Category:Royal Navy mutinies

Category:Court-martial