HMS E19
{{Short description|British submarine in service during WWI}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2018}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2018}}
| {{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image |Ship image=British submarine E19 in Tallinn 1915–1918.jpg |Ship caption=At Reval (Tallinn) during World War I }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header= |Ship country=United Kingdom |Ship flag={{shipboxflag|United Kingdom|naval}} |Ship name=E19 |Ship namesake= |Ship ordered= |Ship awarded= |Ship builder= |Ship original cost= |Ship yard number= |Ship way number= |Ship laid down=27 November 1914 |Ship launched=13 May 1915 |Ship sponsor= |Ship christened= |Ship completed= |Ship acquired= |Ship commissioned=12 July 1915 |Ship recommissioned= |Ship decommissioned= |Ship maiden voyage= |Ship in service= |Ship out of service= |Ship renamed= |Ship reclassified= |Ship refit= |Ship struck= |Ship reinstated= |Ship homeport= |Ship identification= |Ship motto= |Ship nickname= |Ship honours= |Ship honors= |Ship fate=Scuttled 8 April 1918 at Helsinki to avoid capture |Ship notes= |Ship badge= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship type= |Ship displacement=*662 tons (surfaced)
|Ship length=54.86 m |Ship beam=6.86 m |Ship height= |Ship draught=3.81 m |Ship power= |Ship propulsion=Twin-shaft, 2 × 800 bhp Vickers diesel, 2 × 420 shp electric motors |Ship sail plan= |Ship speed=*15.25 knots (surfaced)
|Ship range=325 nm surfaced |Ship endurance=24 days |Ship test depth= |Ship boats= |Ship complement=3 officers, 28 ratings |Ship sensors= |Ship EW= |Ship armament=*2 × 18 inch (450 mm) bow tube
|Ship armour= |Ship armor= |Ship aircraft= |Ship aircraft facilities= |Ship notes= }} |
HMS E19 was an E-class submarine of the Royal Navy, commissioned in 1914 at Vickers, Barrow-in-Furness.{{Cite Colledge2006}} During World War I she was part of the British submarine flotilla in the Baltic.
Design
Like all post-E8 British E-class submarines, E19 had a displacement of {{convert|662|LT|t}} at the surface and {{convert|807|LT|t}} while submerged. She had a total length of {{convert|180|ft|m}}{{cite book|author1=Innes McCartney|author2=Tony Bryan|title=British Submarines of World War I|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JWFapIxWZSUC&pg=PA11|date=20 February 2013|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=978-1-4728-0035-0|pages=11–12}} and a beam of {{convert|22|ft|8.5|in}}. She was powered by two {{convert|800|hp}} Vickers eight-cylinder two-stroke diesel engines and two {{convert|420|hp}} electric motors.Akerman, P. (1989). Encyclopaedia of British submarines 1901–1955. p.150. Maritime Books. {{ISBN|1-904381-05-7}}{{cite web|url=http://www.csubmarine.org/html/class/eclass.html|title=E Class|publisher=Chatham Submarines|access-date=20 August 2015|archive-date=13 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150813023119/http://csubmarine.org/html/class/eclass.html|url-status=dead}} The submarine had a maximum surface speed of {{convert|16|kn|km/h mph}} and a submerged speed of {{convert|10|kn|km/h mph}}. British E-class submarines had fuel capacities of {{convert|50|LT|t}} of diesel and ranges of {{convert|3255|mi|km nmi}} when travelling at {{convert|10|kn|km/h mph}}. E19 was capable of operating submerged for five hours when travelling at {{convert|5|kn|km/h mph}}.
E19 was probably the first of the E-class to be fitted with a deck gun during construction, in this instance, possibly uniquely, with only a 2-pounder, forward of the conning tower. She had five 18 inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes, two in the bow, one either side amidships, and one in the stern; a total of 10 torpedoes were carried.
E-Class submarines had wireless systems with {{convert|1|kW}} power ratings; in some submarines, these were later upgraded to {{convert|3|kW}} systems by removing a midship torpedo tube. Their maximum design depth was {{convert|100|ft}} although in service some reached depths of below {{convert|200|ft}}. Some submarines contained Fessenden oscillator systems.
Crew
Her complement was three officers and 28 men.
Service history
Under the command of Lieutenant Commander Francis Cromie,{{Cite web |url=http://www.dykmag.net/sv/docs/b_skandinavien/dyk_skan_vrak.php?skan_id=2 |title=Vrakdykning Deluxe |access-date=25 April 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928065127/http://www.dykmag.net/sv/docs/b_skandinavien/dyk_skan_vrak.php?skan_id=2 |archive-date=28 September 2007 |url-status=dead }} E19 was, in September 1915, the last of five British submarines to manage the passage through the Oresund into the Baltic Sea. She was then able to sink several German ships, most notably on 11 October 1915 when she sank four German freighters just south of Öland within a few hours and without any casualties.
[http://www.abc.se/~pa/uwa/sub-mass.htm The Submarine Massacre of 1915]
On 7 November 1915 E19 sank the German light cruiser {{SMS|Undine}}.
E19 was scuttled by her crew outside Helsinki 1.5 nm south of Harmaja Light, Gulf of Finland, along with {{HMS|E1||2}}, {{HMS|E8||2}}, {{HMS|E9||2}}, {{HMS|C26||2}}, {{HMS|C27||2}}, and {{HMS|C35||2}} to avoid seizure by advancing German forces who had landed nearby.[http://www.hylyt.net/hylky.jsp?id=e19 E 19] in hylyt.net {{in lang|fi}}[http://users.tkk.fi/~jaromaa/Navygallery/Submarines/submarines.htm Finnish Submarines] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311165521/http://users.tkk.fi/~jaromaa/Navygallery/Submarines/submarines.htm |date=2007-03-11 }} in [http://users.tkk.fi/~jaromaa/Navygallery/ Finnish Navy in World War II] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070515041826/http://users.tkk.fi/~jaromaa/Navygallery/ |date=2007-05-15 }}
Trivia
A beer, Slottskällans Vrak, has been brewed using yeast recovered from beer bottles found on the wreck of SS Nicomedia, a ship sunk by E19 off Öland.{{Cite web |url=http://www.slottskallan.se/produkt.asp?id=8 |title=Vrak - direkt från SS Nicomedia |access-date=24 April 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009222053/http://www.slottskallan.se/produkt.asp?id=8 |archive-date=9 October 2007 |url-status=dead }}
References
{{British E class submarine}}
{{April 1918 shipwrecks}}
{{coord missing|Baltic Sea}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:E19}}
Category:British E-class submarines of the Royal Navy
Category:Ships built in Barrow-in-Furness
Category:World War I submarines of the United Kingdom
Category:World War I shipwrecks in the Baltic Sea
Category:Lost submarines of the United Kingdom
Category:Royal Navy ship names
Category:Maritime incidents in 1918