HMS Scarborough (1756)
{{other ships|HMS Scarborough}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
HMS Scarborough was a 20-gun ship built in 1756 which served the Royal Navy until 1780. She had a crew of 160 men.
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{{Infobox ship career |Hide header= |Ship country=Great Britain |Ship flag=File:Naval Ensign of Great Britain (1707-1800).svg |Ship name=HMS Scarborough |Ship ordered=June 1755 |Ship builder= Blaydes Yard in Kingston-Upon-Hull |Ship laid down=August 1755 |Ship launched=April 1756 |Ship acquired= |Ship completed= |Ship commissioned= |Ship decommissioned= |Ship in service= |Ship out of service= |Ship renamed= |Ship struck= |Ship reinstated= |Ship honours= |Ship captured= |Ship fate=sank 5 October 1780 during the Great Hurricane of 1780 off San Domingo in the Caribbean with all hands. |Ship notes= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship class= 22-gun 6th rate |Ship tons burthen= |Ship length= |Ship beam= |Ship draught= |Ship hold depth= |Ship sail plan=Full-rigged ship |Ship complement= |Ship armament= |Ship notes= }} |
Service
She was ordered in June 1755 and was built at Blaydes Yard in Kingston-Upon-Hull over a period of around 9 months at a cost of £3400. She was designed by Sir Thomas Slade. She was launched in April 1756 under command of Captain Robert Routh.{{Cite web|url=https://threedecks.org/index.php?display_type=show_crewman&id=12554|title = Robert Routh (C.1724-1760)}}
File:Destruction du vaisseau le Prudent et capture du Bienfaisant a Louisbourg 1758.jpg
In September 1757 she sailed for North America as part of the Seven Years' War. In May 1758 she captured the American ship Echo off Louisburg and in June took part in the Siege of Louisburg. In 1759 she was posted to Quebec and was involved in the Battle of Quebec under command of Captain John Stott.hmsscarborough.info
In 1760 she returned to Louisburg then went north to Newfoundland where she took place in the Battle of Chaleur Bay on 8 July, where 4 British ships defeated three French ships, still under command of Stott.{{Cite web|url=https://threedecks.org/index.php?display_type=show_battle&id=363|title = Action in Chaleur Bay, 8th July 1760}}
She returned to England for some years then set off in August 1762 for America and the Leeward Islands. In 1765 she underwent a major refit at Deptford and was recommissioned in November 1766 under command of Captain Robert Gregory, taking her to the Leeward Islands in April 1767 staying until 1769. She then had three years of inactivity before a major refit at Chatham Docks. She was relaunched in June 1774 under command of Captain James Chads who sailed her to Boston (in the aftermath of the Boston Tea Party).{{Cite web|url=https://threedecks.org/index.php?display_type=show_crewman&id=4562|title=James Chads (C.1724-1781)}}
In October 1774 she returned to England under command of Captain Andrew Barkley. She stayed only briefly and later in October left Plymouth carrying dispatches to Boston arriving on 3 December. They anchored at Piscataqua River and on New Year's Eve 1774/5 hosted governor John Wentworth in their celebrations. On 1 June, 1777 she captured vessel "St. Barbary", On 21 june "McPherson" off the coast of New England, and on 23 June recaptured "Generous Friend".{{cite web |url=http://ibiblio.org/anrs/docs/E/E3/ndar_v11p01.pdf |title=Naval Documents of The American Revolution Volume 11 AMERICAN THEATRE: Jan. 1, 1778–Mar. 31, 1778 EUROPEAN THEATRE: Jan. 1, 1778–Mar. 31, 1778 |publisher=U.S. Government printing office via Imbiblio |accessdate=27 September 2023}} On 20 October, 1777 she captured "Beverly" off the coast of Nova Scotia.{{cite web |url=http://ibiblio.org/anrs/docs/E/E3/ndar_v11p01.pdf |title=Naval Documents of The American Revolution Volume 11 AMERICAN THEATRE: Jan. 1, 1778–Mar. 31, 1778 EUROPEAN THEATRE: Jan. 1, 1778–Mar. 31, 1778 |publisher=U.S. Government printing office via Imbiblio |accessdate=27 September 2023}} On 12 October, 1777 she, or a ship named Scarboro, captured schooner "Lucy" on the Grand Banks.{{cite web |url=http://ibiblio.org/anrs/docs/E/E3/ndar_v11p01.pdf |title=Naval Documents of The American Revolution Volume 11 AMERICAN THEATRE: Jan. 1, 1778–Mar. 31, 1778 EUROPEAN THEATRE: Jan. 1, 1778–Mar. 31, 1778 |publisher=U.S. Government printing office via Imbiblio |accessdate=12 October 2023}} She remained in America under Barkley until 1779, concerning various issues relating to the Revolutionary War, but was finally paid off in April 1779 when she was fitted with a copper bottom at Chatham at a cost of £4267 (more than her original total cost).{{Cite web|url=https://threedecks.org/index.php?display_type=show_ship&id=6488|title=British Sixth Rate ship 'Scarborough' (1756)}}
She set off to the Leeward Islands under Captain Robert Boyle Nicholas on 22 May 1780.{{Cite web|url=https://threedecks.org/index.php?display_type=show_crewman&id=10989|title = Robert Boyle Nicholas (1744-1780)}}
In August 1780 Captain Samuel Hood Walker took command. He was lost with the ship and crew on 5 October 1780 during the Great Hurricane of 1780 off San Domingo in the Caribbean.{{Cite web|url=https://threedecks.org/index.php?display_type=show_crewman&id=14675|title = Samuel Hood Walker (D.1780)}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Great-hurricane-of-1780|title = Great hurricane of 1780 | storm, Caribbean Sea [1780]}}
Other Notable Crew
- Alexander Fraser served as acting lieutenant in 1774 under Captain Barkley.
References
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