HMS Swift (1763)
{{short description|Sloop of the Royal Navy}}
{{other ships|HMS Swift}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Expand Spanish|HMS_Swift_(1762)|date=May 2018}}
HMS Swift was built in 1762 at the shipyard of John Greave in Limehouse, on the banks of the River Thames, and launched in 1763. It was a sloop-of-war {{convert|28|m|ft}} in length and was armed with 14 {{convert|6|pdr}} guns and 12 pedreros of {{frac|1|2}} pound. It sank along the coast of Puerto Deseado, Patagonia in 1770.
The discovery of HMS Swift in Puerto Deseado in 1982 represented the beginning of underwater archaeology in Argentina.
Ship
HMS Swift was a sloop-of-war {{convert|28|m|ft}} in length and was armed with 14 {{convert|6|pdr}} guns and 12 pedreros of {{frac|1|2}} pound.{{cite journal|last1=Elkin|first1=Dolores|last2=Argüeso|first2=Amaru|last3=Grosso|first3=Mónica|last4=Murray|first4=Cristian|last5=Vainstub|first5=Damián|last6=Bastida|first6=Ricardo|last7=Dellino-Musgrave|first7=Virginia|date=1 March 2007|title=Archaeological research on HMS Swift: a British Sloop-of-War lost off Patagonia, Southern Argentina, in 1770|journal=International Journal of Nautical Archaeology|volume=36|issue=1|pages=32–58|doi=10.1111/j.1095-9270.2006.00117.x}}
Wreck
Based at Port Egmont in the Falkland Islands, Swift undertook an exploratory trip along the Patagonian coasts before the winter of 1770. A storm forced them to stop near the site of present-day Puerto Deseado to rest and dry their clothes. Entering the Río Deseado, they ran aground on a submerged rock and, although after getting rid of much of the cargo, they managed to free the ship, minutes later they came across a second uncharted rock. At 18:00 on 13 March 1770, Swift sank along the coast of Puerto Deseado. Three of the ninety-one crew members (the cook and two soldiers) died. The cook's body appeared days later and he was buried after an impromptu funeral.{{cite web|url=https://ageofsail.wordpress.com/2009/02/20/the-wreck-of-the-hms-swift/|title=The Wreck of the HMS Swift|date=20 February 2009|publisher=}}{{cite book|title=EL NAUFRAGIO DE LA HMS SWIFT -1770- Arqueología marítima en la Patagonia - Vazquez Mazzini Editores|author1=Dolores Elkin |author2= Cristian Murray |author3= Ricardo Bastida |author4= Mónica Grosso |author5= Amaru Argüeso |author6= Damián Vainstub |author7= Chris Underwood |author8= Nicolás Ciarlo|isbn=978-987-9132-32-6}}
At the time of the wreck, the ship was under the command of Captain George Farmer.{{Cite book|last=Elkin|first=Dolores|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YqhJDAAAQBAJ|title=Underwater and Maritime Archaeology in Latin America and the Caribbean|date=2016-06-03|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-315-41608-3|editor-last=Leshikar-Denton|editor-first=Margaret E|editor-link=Margaret Leshikar-Denton|edition=1|series=One world archaeology series|location=New York|language=en|chapter=Maritime Archaeology in Argentina at the Instituto Nacional de Antropología|doi=10.4324/9781315416090|orig-year=First published in print in 2008 by Left Coast Press|editor-last2=Luna Erreguerena|editor-first2=Pilar|editor2-link=Pilar Luna|via=Google Books}} The ship was commissioned to defend the base of Port Egmond, and at the time was embarked on an exploratory voyage of South America.
Archaeological exploration
The discovery of HMS Swift in Puerto Deseado represented the beginning of underwater archaeology in Argentina.{{cite journal|last1=Dellino-Musgrave|first1=Virginia|last2=Endere|first2=María Luz|year=2001|title=Browse journals by subject|journal=Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites|volume=4|issue=4|pages=219–231|doi=10.1179/135050301793138209}} The ship was found by young amateur divers on 2 February 1982; the remains of one of the lost soldiers was found and buried ashore.{{cite news |last1=Chaluleu |first1=Mariano |title=“Fue como ver la tumba de Tutankamón”. Cómo cuatro jóvenes de 18 años descubrieron una corbeta inglesa hundida a metros de la costa argentina |url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/lifestyle/fue-como-ver-la-tumba-de-tutankamon-como-cuatro-chicos-de-18-anos-descubrieron-una-corbeta-inglesa-nid05102023/ |access-date=6 October 2023 |work=La Nación |date=5 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231006030926/https://www.lanacion.com.ar/lifestyle/fue-como-ver-la-tumba-de-tutankamon-como-cuatro-chicos-de-18-anos-descubrieron-una-corbeta-inglesa-nid05102023/ |archive-date=6 October 2023 |location=Buenos Aires |language=es}} The ships wreckage became part of the impulse that led to the first national laws regarding underwater archaeology in the country. Investigations into the wreckage were primarily done by the National Institute of Anthropology and Latin American Thought (INAPL).