HS-376

{{Short description|Communications satellite bus}}

{{Infobox spacecraft class

| name = Boeing 376

| image = STS-51-D Telesat-1 deployment.jpg

| image_size = 300px

| image_alt =

| image_caption = HS-376 in launch configuration, on a space shuttle, with its antenna closed and lower solar panel retracted

| manufacturer =Boeing Satellite Development Center

| designer =

| country =United States

| operator =

| applications =Communications satellite

| spacecraft_type = Spin-stabilized

| spacecraft_bus =

| constellation =

| design_life =

| launch_mass =

| dry_mass =

| payload_capacity =

| crew_capacity =

| dimensions =

| volume =

| power = 800 to 2,000 Watts

| batteries =

| equipment =

| orbits =

| status = Retired

| built = 58

| orders = 58

| launched = 58

| operational =

| retired = 56

| failed = 2

| lost =

| first = Anik C1 April 12, 1985

| last = eBird 1 September 27, 2003

| lastretired =

| derivedfrom =HS-333

| derivatives =HS-393

| subsatellites =

| subsatellite_of =

| flown_with =

| insignia =

| insignia_size =

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| bottom_image =

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| bottom_image_alt =

| bottom_image_caption =

| previous =HS-333

| next =Boeing 601

}}

The Boeing 376 (sometimes referred to as the BSS-376, and previously as the HS-376) is a communications satellite bus introduced in 1978 by Hughes Space and Communications Company. It was a spin-stabilized bus, a successor to Hughes HS-333.

Design

The satellite bus was designed and manufactured by Hughes. This spin-stabilized platform had two main sections. The spinning section was kept rotating at 50 rpm to maintain attitude, and a despun section was used by the payload to maintain radio coverage.

The spinning section included the apogee kick motor, most of the attitude control, the power subsystem and the command and telemetry subsystems. The despun section contained the communications payload, including the antennas and transponders.

The stock version had a launch mass of {{convert|1100|to|1450|kg|abbr=on}}, a mass of {{convert|540|to|790|kg|abbr=on}} after reaching geostationary orbit and an 8 to 10-year design life. When stowed for launch, its dimensions were {{convert|2.8|to|3.15|m|abbr=on}} in height and {{convert|2.16|m|abbr=on}} in diameter. With its solar panels fully extended its height was {{convert|6.6|to|8|m|abbr=on}}.

Its power system generated approximately 1,100 to 1,200 watts of power at beginning of life, thanks to two cylindrical solar panels. The bottom panel was retracted around the body and top panel for launch, and extended downwards for operation. It also had two NiCd batteries for solar eclipses.

Versions

There were four variations of this platform:

  • HS-376: The original version of the platform was launched in 1977. It had a mass between {{convert|1.1|to|1.45|tonne|abbr=on}}.
  • HS-376L: The Longer life version of the platform was launched in 1991. It had reduced power of 700 Watts and reduced electronics weight, which allowed for increased station keeping propellant supply. This lengthened the design life to 13.5 years.
  • HS-376HP: A Higher Power version of the platform was launched in 1995. It had a mass between {{convert|1.45|to|1.55|tonne|abbr=on}}.
  • HS-376W: The Wide version of the platform was launched in 1990. It was wider, more powerful and modernized electronics. It was a joint development with INPE. It had a diameter of {{convert|3.43|m|abbr=on}} and more power.

Satellites

The HS-376 was a very successful satellite platform with 58 satellites ordered, built and launched. It was also the first satellite to launch from the Space Shuttle.

class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"

! rowspan=2 | Satellite

! rowspan=2 | Other names

! rowspan=2 | Operator

! rowspan=2 | Model

! rowspan=2 | Ordered

! rowspan=2 | Launch

! rowspan=2 | Launch vehicle

! rowspan=2 | Launch result

! colspan=2 | Mass (kg) at...

! rowspan=2 | Remarks

Launch

! BOL

SBS 1HS-37619771980-11-15Delta-3910/PAM-D{{success}}1117540
SBS 2HS-37619771981-09-24Delta-3910/PAM-D{{success}}1117540
Westar 4HS-37619801982-02-26Delta-3910/PAM-D{{success}}1100582
Westar 5HS-37619821982-06-09Delta-3910/PAM-D{{success}}1100582
Anik D1HS-3761982-08-26Delta-3920/PAM-D{{success}}1140634
Anik C3HS-37619781982-11-11Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}1140563
SBS 3HS-37619811982-11-11Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}1117540
Anik C2Nahuel I2HS-37619781983-06-18Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}1140563
Palapa B1Palapa Pacific 1HS-37619801983-06-18Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}1200692
Galaxy 1HS-3761983-06-28Delta-3920/PAM-D{{success}}1200709
Telstar 301Arabsat-1EHS-37619801983-07-28Delta-3920/PAM-D{{success}}1140653
Galaxy 2HS-3761983-09-22Delta-3920/PAM-D{{success}}1200709
Palapa B2HS-37619801984-02-03Shuttle/PAM-D{{failure|PAM ignition failed, satellite recovered}}1200692Launched along Westar 6. PAM-D failed to ignite, Shuttle recovered the satellite. Was relaunched as Palapa B2R.
Westar 6HS-3761984-02-03Shuttle/PAM-D{{failure|PAM ignition failed, satellite recovered}}1244582Launched along Palapa B2. PAM-D failed to ignite, Shuttle recovered the satellite. Was relaunched as AsiaSat 1.
SBS 4HGS 5HS-37619831984-08-30Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}1117540
Telstar 302HS-37619801984-08-30Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}1140653
Galaxy 3HS-3761984-09-21Delta-3920/PAM-D{{success}}1200709
Anik D2Satcom 4R
Arabsat 1D
HS-3761984-11-08Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}1140634
Brasilsat-A1SBTS 1HS-37619821985-02-08Ariane 3{{success}}1195{{NA}}
Anik C1Nahuel I1
Brasil 1T
HS-37619781985-04-12Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}1140563
Morelos 1HS-37619821985-06-17Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}1140647
Telstar 303HS-37619801985-06-17Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}1140653
Aussat A1Optus A1HS-37619821985-08-27Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}1250654
Aussat A2Optus A2HS-37619821985-11-27Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}1250654
Morelos 2HS-37619821985-11-27Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}1140647
Brasilsat-A2SBTS 2HS-37619821986-03-28Ariane 3{{success}}1195{{NA}}
Palapa B2PPalapa B3
Agila 1
HS-37619841987-03-20Delta-3920/PAM-D{{success}}1200692
Aussat A3Optus A3HS-37619821987-09-16Ariane 3{{success}}1250696
SBS 5HS-37619831988-09-08Ariane 3{{success}}1117540
Marcopolo 1Sirius 1
Sirius W
HS-37619871989-08-27Delta-4925{{success}}1250660
AsiaSat 1HS-3761990-04-07Long March 3{{success}}1244582Was Westar 6, but the launch on Space Shuttle failed. It was recovered and launched again as AsiaSat 1.
Palapa B2RNewSat 1HS-3761990-04-13Delta-6925-8{{success}}1200692Was Palapa B2, but the launch on Space Shuttle failed. It was recovered and launched again as Palapa B2R.
Marcopolo 2Thor 1HS-37619871990-08-18Delta-6925-8{{success}}1250662
ProwlerHS-3761990-11-15Shuttle/PAM-D{{success}}{{NA}}{{NA}}
Galaxy 5HS-37619891992-03-14Atlas I{{success}}1390788
Palapa B4HS-3761992-05-14Delta-7925-8{{success}}1200692
Galaxy 1RHS-37619891992-08-22Atlas I{{failure}}1390788Launch failure
Galaxy 6Westar 6SHS-37619831992-10-12Ariane-44L{{success}}1390709
Thaicom 1Thaicom 1AHS-376L19911993-12-18Ariane-44L{{success}}1080629
Galaxy 1R2HS-37619921994-02-19Delta-7925-8{{success}}1390788
APSTAR-1ZX-5EHS-37619921994-07-21Long March 3{{success}}1400726
Brasilsat B1HS-376W19901994-08-10Ariane-44LP{{success}}17571052
Thaicom 2HS-376L19911994-10-07Ariane-44L{{success}}1080629
Brasilsat B2HS-376W19901995-03-28Ariane-44LP{{success}}17571052
MEASAT-1AFRICASAT-1HS-37619941996-01-12Ariane-44L{{success}}1450886
Galaxy 9HS-37619951996-05-24Delta-7925{{success}}1390788
APSTAR-1AZX-5DHS-37619951996-07-03Long March 3{{success}}1400726
ZX 7Chinasat-7
HGS 2
HS-37619951996-08-18Long March 3{{failure}}1384734Launch failure
MEASAT-2AFRICASAT-2HS-37619941996-11-13Ariane-44L{{success}}1450886
BSAT-1aHS-37619931997-04-16Ariane-44LP{{success}}1236723
Thor 2HS-376HP19951997-05-20Delta-7925{{success}}1467853
Brasilsat B3HS-376W19951998-02-04Ariane-44LP{{success}}17571052
BSAT-1bHS-37619931998-04-28Ariane-44P{{success}}1236723
Thor 3HS-376HP19971998-06-10Delta-7925{{success}}1451853
Sirius 3HS-376HP19971998-10-05Ariane-44L{{success}}1465815
Bonum 1HS-376HP19971998-11-22Delta-7925{{success}}1425793
Brasilsat B4HS-376W19982000-08-17Ariane-44LP{{success}}17571052
Astra 2DHS-376HP19992000-12-20Ariane 5G{{success}}1445824
Astra 3AHS-376HP20002002-03-29Ariane-44L{{success}}1514908
eBird 1Eurobird 3
Eutelsat 33A
Eutelsat 31A
HS-376HP20002003-09-27Ariane 5G{{success}}1530895

See also

{{Portal |Spaceflight}}

{{Clear}}

References

{{reflist|2|refs=

{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/brasilsat-b.htm |title=Brasilsat B 1, 2, 3, 4 |website=Gunter's Space Page |last1=Krebs |first1=Gunter Dirk |date=2016-04-17 |access-date=2016-08-18}}

{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sat/hs-376.htm |title=Hughes / Boeing: HS-376 / BSS-376 |website=Gunter's Space Page |last1=Krebs |first1=Gunter Dirk |date=2016-04-21 |access-date=2016-08-16}}

{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/palapa-b.htm |title=Palapa B1, B2, B2P, B2R, B4 / Palapa Pacific / Agila 1 / NewSat 1 |website=Gunter's Space Page |last1=Krebs |first1=Gunter Dirk |date=2016-04-17 |access-date=2016-08-18}}

{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/sbs-1.htm |title=SBS 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 / HGS 5 |website=Gunter's Space Page |last1=Krebs |first1=Gunter Dirk |date=2016-04-17 |access-date=2016-08-18}}

{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/thaicom-1.htm |title=Thaicom 1, 2 |website=Gunter's Space Page |last1=Krebs |first1=Gunter Dirk |date=2016-08-08 |access-date=2016-08-18}}

{{cite web|url=http://www.boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/programs_376.html |title=Boeing 376 |publisher=Boeing Satellite Development Center |access-date=2016-08-16 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100305043942/http://www.boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/programs_376.html |archivedate=2010-03-05 }}

{{cite web|url=http://boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/factsheets/376/brasilsat_b/brasilsat_b.html |title=Brasilsat B |publisher=Boeing Satellite Development Center |access-date=2016-08-18 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100207073639/http://boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/factsheets/376/brasilsat_b/brasilsat_b.html |archivedate=2010-02-07 }}

{{cite web|url=http://boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/factsheets/376/bsat_1/bsat_1.html |title=BSAT-1 |publisher=Boeing Satellite Development Center |access-date=2016-08-18 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100207074924/http://boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/factsheets/376/bsat_1/bsat_1.html |archivedate=2010-02-07 }}

{{cite web|url=http://boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/factsheets/376/palapa_b/palapa_b.html |title=Palapa-B |publisher=Boeing Satellite Development Center |access-date=2016-08-18 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100207074810/http://boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/factsheets/376/palapa_b/palapa_b.html |archivedate=2010-02-07 }}

{{cite web|url=http://boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/factsheets/376/sbs/sbs.html |title=SBS |publisher=Boeing Satellite Development Center |access-date=2016-08-18 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100207074507/http://boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/factsheets/376/sbs/sbs.html |archivedate=2010-02-07 }}

{{cite web|url=http://boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/factsheets/376/thaicom/thaicom.html |title=THAICOM |publisher=Boeing Satellite Development Center |access-date=2016-08-18 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100207072708/http://boeing.com/defense-space/space/bss/factsheets/376/thaicom/thaicom.html |archivedate=2010-02-07 }}

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{{Hughes satellites}}

Category:Satellite buses