Hack Wilson

{{Infobox baseball biography

|name=Hack Wilson

|position=Outfielder

|image= Hack Wilson BBHOF (cropped).png

|birth_date= {{birth date|1900|4|26|mf=y}}

|birth_place= Ellwood City, Pennsylvania, U.S.

|death_date= {{death date and age|1948|11|23|1900|4|26}}

|death_place= Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.

|bats= Right

|throws= Right

|debutleague = MLB

|debutdate= September 29

|debutyear= 1923

|debutteam= New York Giants

|finalleague = MLB

|finaldate= August 25

|finalyear= 1934

|finalteam= Philadelphia Phillies

|statleague = MLB

|stat1label= Batting average

|stat2label= Home runs

|stat3label= Runs batted in

|stat1value= .307

|stat2value= 244

|stat3value= 1,063

|teams=

New York Giants ({{baseball year|1923}}–{{baseball year|1925}})
Chicago Cubs ({{baseball year|1926}}–{{baseball year|1931}})
Brooklyn Dodgers ({{baseball year|1932}}–{{baseball year|1934}})
Philadelphia Phillies ({{baseball year|1934}})

|highlights=

4× NL home run leader (1926–1928, 1930)
2× NL RBI leader (1929, 1930)
MLB record 191 RBI, single season
Chicago Cubs Hall of Fame

|hoflink = National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum

|hoftype = National

|hofdate=1979

|hofmethod=Veterans Committee

}}

Lewis Robert "Hack" Wilson (April 26, 1900 – November 23, 1948) was an American Major League Baseball player who played 12 seasons for the New York Giants, Chicago Cubs, Brooklyn Dodgers and Philadelphia Phillies.{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/w/wilsoha01.shtml |title=Hack Wilson statistics |publisher=Baseball Reference |access-date=February 21, 2011 |archive-date=December 4, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191204200337/https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/w/wilsoha01.shtml |url-status=live }} Despite his diminutive stature, he was one of the most accomplished power hitters in the game during the late 1920s and early 1930s.{{cite magazine |author=Holway |first=John |date=June 1996 |title=Hack Wilson Belted Homers, Hecklers with Equal Gusto |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_baseball-digest_1996-06_55_6 |url-access=limited |access-date=2025-02-17 |work=Baseball Digest |pages=78-84 |volume=55 |issue=6}} His 1930 season with the Cubs is widely considered one of the most memorable individual single-season hitting performances in baseball history. Highlights included 56 home runs, the National League record for 68 years; and 191 runs batted in, a mark yet to be surpassed. "For a brief span of a few years," wrote a sportswriter of the day, "this hammered down little strongman actually rivaled the mighty Ruth."{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=195}}

While Wilson's combativeness and excessive alcohol consumption made him one of the most colorful sports personalities of his era,{{cite news |title=Death Overtakes Hack Wilson Of Home Run Fame |agency=Associated Press |work=The Evening Independent |page=19 |date=November 24, 1948 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7ABQAAAAIBAJ&pg=6624,4503899&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=November 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122035122/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=7ABQAAAAIBAJ&pg=6624%2C4503899&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} his drinking and fighting undoubtedly contributed to a premature end to his athletic career and, ultimately, his premature death.{{cite magazine |author=Dolgan |first=Bob |date=March 1978 |title=Former Teammates Recall Hack Wilson |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_baseball-digest_1978-03_37_3 |url-access=limited |access-date=2025-02-17 |work=Baseball Digest |pages=64-72 |volume=37 |issue=3}}{{cite magazine |author=Drooz |first=Al |date=October 1974 |title=But Memories of Hack Wilson Fade Away |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_baseball-digest_1974-10_33_10 |url-access=limited |access-date=2025-02-17 |work=Baseball Digest |pages=56-65 |volume=33 |issue=10}} He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1979.{{cite web |url=http://baseballhall.org/hof/wilson-hack |title=Hack Wilson at The Baseball Hall of Fame |publisher=baseballhall.org |access-date=February 28, 2011 |archive-date=December 14, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214112005/http://baseballhall.org/hof/wilson-hack |url-status=live }}

Baseball career

=Early life and minor leagues=

Lewis Robert Wilson was born April 26, 1900, in the Pennsylvania steel mill town of Ellwood City, north of Pittsburgh.{{Cite book|last=Parker|first=Clifton Blue|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Qu1TJLiZjbEC&pg=PA7|title=Fouled Away: The Baseball Tragedy of Hack Wilson|date=June 28, 2010|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-0-7864-8139-2|pages=7|language=en|access-date=April 23, 2020|archive-date=April 26, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120639/https://books.google.com/books?id=Qu1TJLiZjbEC&pg=PA7|url-status=live}} His mother, Jennie Kaughn, 16, was an unemployed drifter from Philadelphia; his father, Robert Wilson, 24, was a steel worker. His parents never married; both were heavy drinkers, and in 1907 his mother died of appendicitis at the age of 24.{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=7}}

In 1916, Wilson left school to take a job at a locomotive factory, swinging a sledge hammer for four dollars a week. Although only {{Height|ft=5|in=6|out=unit}} tall, he weighed {{Convert|195|lb|kg|abbr=unit}} with an 18-inch neck, and feet that fit into size {{Fraction|5|1|2}} shoes. Sportswriter Shirley Povich later observed that he was "built along the lines of a beer keg, and was not wholly unfamiliar with its contents."{{cite book|last1=Connery|first1=Floyd|title=Baseball's Most Wanted II: The Top 10 Book of More Bad Hops, Screwball Players, and Other Oddities|date=2003|publisher=Potomac Books|location=Washington, D.C.|isbn=1-57488-362-3|page=58|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DrQB0z6nEfcC&q=hack%20wilson%20beer%20barrel&pg=PA58|access-date=January 8, 2015|archive-date=April 26, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120717/https://books.google.com/books?id=DrQB0z6nEfcC&q=hack+wilson+beer+barrel&pg=PA58|url-status=live}} While his unusual physique was considered an oddity at the time,{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=12}} his large head, tiny feet, short legs, and broad, flat face are now recognized as hallmarks of fetal alcohol syndrome.Collier, Gene. No One Stacks Up to Hack. [http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/10143/1060238-150.stm Pittsburgh Post-Gazette archive] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100526160909/http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/10143/1060238-150.stm |date=May 26, 2010 }} Retrieved March 28, 2011.Wickersham's Conscience. [http://wickershamsconscience.wordpress.com/2010/05/11/book-review-fouled-away-the-story-of-hack-wilson/ Wordpress.com archive] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110902091405/http://wickershamsconscience.wordpress.com/2010/05/11/book-review-fouled-away-the-story-of-hack-wilson/ |date=September 2, 2011 }} Retrieved March 28, 2011.

In 1921, Wilson moved to Martinsburg, West Virginia, to join the Martinsburg Mountaineers of the Class "D" Blue Ridge League.{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/minors/player.cgi?id=wilson001lew |title=Hack Wilson minor league statistics |publisher=Baseball Reference |access-date=February 21, 2011 |archive-date=June 29, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629080958/http://www.baseball-reference.com/minors/player.cgi?id=wilson001lew |url-status=live }} After breaking his leg while sliding into home plate during his first professional game, he was moved from the catcher's position to the outfield.{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=16}} In 1922, he met Virginia Riddleburger, a 34-year-old office clerk; they married the following year.{{sfn|Parker|2000|pp=16, 22}} In 1923, playing for the "B" division Portsmouth Truckers, he led the Virginia League in hitting with a .388 batting average.{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/minors/leader.cgi?type=bat&id=14479 |title=1923 Virginia League Batting Leaders |publisher=Baseball Reference |access-date=February 28, 2011 |archive-date=June 29, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629081012/http://www.baseball-reference.com/minors/leader.cgi?type=bat&id=14479 |url-status=live }} Late in the season, New York Giants manager John McGraw purchased his contract from Portsmouth for $10,500 (${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|10500|1923}}}} in current dollar terms).

=New York Giants=

Wilson made his major league debut with the Giants on September 29, 1923, at the age of 23, and became the starting left fielder the following season.{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson Cost The Giants Price Of A Bag Of Peanuts |agency=King Features Syndicate |work=Rochester Evening Journal |page=8 |date=September 11, 1924 |access-date=February 27, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4htgAAAAIBAJ&pg=2863,4015960&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120625/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4htgAAAAIBAJ&pg=2863%2C4015960&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} By mid-July he was ranked second in the National League (NL) in hitting.{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson Is The Old-Style Type Of Bull-Necked Slugger |work=The Washington Reporter |date=July 17, 1924 |access-date=February 27, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QS5eAAAAIBAJ&pg=1602,798237&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=November 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211121231715/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QS5eAAAAIBAJ&pg=1602%2C798237&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} He ended the season with a .295 average, 10 home runs, and 57 runs batted in (RBIs) as New York won the NL pennant. In the 1924 World Series he averaged only .233 in a seven-game loss to the Washington Senators.{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/postseason/1924_WS.shtml |title=1924 World Series |publisher=Baseball Reference |access-date=February 28, 2011 |archive-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112042905/https://www.baseball-reference.com/postseason/1924_WS.shtml |url-status=live }}

Multiple stories exist to explain the origin of Wilson's nickname. By one account, a New York newspaper held a nicknaming contest; the winning entry was "Hack" because he reminded many fans of another stocky athlete, the popular wrestler Georg Hackenschmidt. In another version, McGraw is said to have remarked that Wilson's physique was reminiscent of a "hack" (slang for taxicab in that era). Giants teammate Bill Cunningham claimed that the nickname was based on Wilson's resemblance to Hack Miller, an outfielder with the Chicago Cubs. The New York Times printed the first documented usage of "Hack" on June 10, 1924.{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=29}}

Early in the 1925 season, Wilson hit the longest home run on record at Ebbets Field against the Brooklyn Robins,{{cite news |title=Homers By Hack Wilson And Kelly Play Important Part In Giants Win Over Robins |work=The Lewiston Daily Sun |page=9 |date=April 20, 1925 |access-date=February 27, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=w7EgAAAAIBAJ&pg=1620,1529214&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=December 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201040652/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=w7EgAAAAIBAJ&pg=1620%2C1529214&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} but fell into a slump in May, and was replaced in left field by Irish Meusel.{{cite news |title=Irish Meusel In Giants' Outfield |work=The Norwalk Hour |page=12 |date=May 30, 1925 |access-date=February 27, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=H94gAAAAIBAJ&pg=3248,1840538&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120632/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=H94gAAAAIBAJ&pg=3248%2C1840538&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} On July 2, he hit two home runs in one inning, tying Ken Williams' major league record set in 1922,{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson Ties Record With Two Home Runs In One Inning |agency=Associated Press |work=Reading Eagle |page=18 |date=July 2, 1925 |access-date=February 27, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wokhAAAAIBAJ&pg=6405,388132&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120625/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wokhAAAAIBAJ&pg=6405%2C388132&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} but his hitting slump continued. In August, McGraw told reporters that he had "... made the mistake of rushing [Wilson] along,"{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=39}} and sent him to the Giants' minor league affiliate, the Toledo Mud Hens of the American Association. At season's end, a front office oversight — or possibly, deliberate inaction{{sfn|Parker|2000|pp=42-3}} — left him unprotected on the Toledo roster, and the last-place Chicago Cubs acquired him on waivers.{{cite magazine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-zIDAAAAMBAJ&q=hack+wilson+baseball+digest&pg=PA38 |title=Will They Beat 56 In '56? |author=Dexter, Charles |date=June 1956 |work=Baseball Digest |access-date=February 28, 2011}}{{dead link|date=February 2014}} "They let go the best outfielder I ever played alongside," said Giants right fielder Ross Youngs, "and they're going to regret it."{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=44}}

During the 1925 World Series — between the Senators and the Pittsburgh Pirates — Wilson's son, Robert, was born.{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=47}}

=Glory years with the Cubs=

File:Hack Wilson plaque.jpg]]

Wilson regained his form as the Cubs' center fielder in 1926, and he quickly became a favorite of Chicago fans.{{cite news |title=Take Hack For Your Example |work=The Toledo News-Bee |page=14 |date=May 19, 1926 |access-date=February 27, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=1JFXAAAAIBAJ&pg=2104,2371472&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120626/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=1JFXAAAAIBAJ&pg=2104%2C2371472&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} On May 24, he hit the center field scoreboard with one of the longest home runs in Wrigley Field history as the Cubs came from behind to defeat the Boston Braves.{{cite news |title=Cubs Overcome Braves |work=Reading Eagle |page=14 |date=May 24, 1926 |access-date=February 27, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=AaAhAAAAIBAJ&pg=3509,5215055&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=November 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118115855/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=AaAhAAAAIBAJ&pg=3509%2C5215055&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} Later that evening, he made news again when he was arrested during a police raid of a Prohibition-era speakeasy while trying to escape through the rear window,{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson Found In "Beer Parlor" Is Taken to Lock Up |agency=INS |work=The Telegraph-Herald |date=May 24, 1926 |access-date=February 27, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=fTVFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5416,1339434&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120626/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=fTVFAAAAIBAJ&pg=5416%2C1339434&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} and was fined one dollar.{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=53}} He ended the season with a league-leading 21 home runs along with 36 doubles, 109 RBIs, a .321 batting average, and a .406 on-base percentage. The Cubs improved to fourth place, and Wilson ended the year ranked fifth in voting for the NL's Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award.{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/awards/awards_1926.shtml#NLmvp |title=1926 National League Most Valuable Player Award |publisher=Baseball Reference |access-date=February 28, 2011 |archive-date=February 16, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090216190826/http://www.baseball-reference.com/awards/awards_1926.shtml#NLmvp |url-status=live }}

File:Lewis "Hack" Wilson from Sports Exchange All-Stars trade cards (W603) MET DPB882283 (cropped).jpg

Another strong performance followed in 1927 as Wilson once again led the league in home runs. Although the Cubs were in first place heading into the final month of the season, the team faltered and again finished fourth.{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/CHC/1927-schedule-scores.shtml |title=1927 Chicago Cubs |publisher=Baseball Reference |access-date=February 28, 2011 |archive-date=December 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191207170959/https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/CHC/1927-schedule-scores.shtml |url-status=live }} Wilson posted a .318 average with 30 home runs and 129 RBIs, and led NL outfielders with 400 putouts.{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/leagues/NL/1927-fielding-leaders.shtml |title=1927 National League Fielding Leaders |publisher=Baseball Reference |access-date=February 28, 2011 |archive-date=April 8, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408070753/https://www.baseball-reference.com/leagues/NL/1927-fielding-leaders.shtml |url-status=live }} He led the NL in home runs for a third consecutive year in 1928 with 31, along with 120 RBIs and a .313 average as the Cubs improved to third place.

Wilson had a combative streak and sometimes initiated fights with opposing players and fans. On June 22, 1928, a near-riot broke out in the ninth inning at Wrigley Field against the St. Louis Cardinals when Wilson jumped into the box seats to attack a heckling fan.{{cite news |title=Cubs And Cards Divide Twin Bill |agency=Associated Press |work=The Telegraph-Herald and Times-Tribune |page=3 |date=June 22, 1928 |access-date=February 27, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=G65FAAAAIBAJ&pg=2963,2075011&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120626/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=G65FAAAAIBAJ&pg=2963%2C2075011&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} An estimated 5,000 spectators swarmed the field before police could separate the combatants and restore order. The fan sued Wilson for $20,000, but a jury ruled in Wilson's favor.{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson Was Great Baseball Player But Headache To Managers |agency=Associated Press |work=The Portsmouth Times |page=11 |date=November 24, 1948 |access-date=March 2, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=hdFQAAAAIBAJ&pg=7272,4976616&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=November 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119042625/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=hdFQAAAAIBAJ&pg=7272%2C4976616&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} The following year, he took offense at a remark by Cincinnati Reds pitcher Ray Kolp, and — upon reaching first base after hitting a single — he charged into the Reds dugout, punching Kolp several times before they could be separated.{{cite news |title=Ball Players In Fistic Encounter |agency=Associated Press |work=Ottawa Citizen |page=3 |date=July 5, 1929 |access-date=February 27, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=CwkuAAAAIBAJ&pg=5002,3522627&dq=hack+wilson+fight&hl=en |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120626/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=CwkuAAAAIBAJ&pg=5002%2C3522627&dq=hack+wilson+fight&hl=en |url-status=live }} Later that evening at the train station, Wilson exchanged words and blows with Cincinnati player Pete Donohue. In late 1929, he signed a contract to fight Art Shires of the Chicago White Sox in a boxing match,{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson Signs To Meet Art Shires |work=The Toledo News-Bee |page=12 |date=December 14, 1929 |access-date=February 23, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=KSlYAAAAIBAJ&pg=3677,5807376&dq=hack+wilson+art+shires&hl=en |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120627/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=KSlYAAAAIBAJ&pg=3677%2C5807376&dq=hack+wilson+art+shires&hl=en |url-status=live }} but reneged after Cubs president William Veeck, Sr. enlisted Wilson's wife Virginia to dissuade him,{{sfn|Parker|2000|pp=90–92}} and then Shires lost a fight to George Trafton of the Chicago Bears. There was nothing to gain, Wilson said, by fighting a defeated boxer.{{cite news |title=Baseball Solons Breathe Easier Since Shires' Rout |agency=United Press International |work=The Pittsburgh Press |page=34 |date=December 18, 1929 |access-date=February 23, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qCAbAAAAIBAJ&pg=3851,2046646&dq=hack+wilson+art+shires&hl=en |archive-date=December 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201040725/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=qCAbAAAAIBAJ&pg=3851%2C2046646&dq=hack+wilson+art+shires&hl=en |url-status=live }}

Wilson's "penchant for festivities" is also well documented. Biographer Clifton Blue Parker described him as "... the Roaring '20s epitome of a baseball player, primed for an age of American excess ... at a time when baseball was America's favorite sport."{{sfn|Parker|2000|pp=53–55}} His love of drinking and partying did not endear him to Cubs owner William Wrigley, who abhorred alcohol consumption. (Wilson always insisted that he never played drunk; "hung over, yes; drunk, no."{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=53}}) Manager Joe McCarthy worked hard to shield Wilson from Wrigley, and to keep him on an even keel. "Better than any other manager," wrote sportswriter Frank Graham, "Joe understood Hack, made allowances for him when he failed, and rewarded him with praise when he did well. Joe could be strict and stern with his players ... but he never was with Hack, and Hack repaid him by playing as he never had before, nor would again."{{sfn|Parker|2000|pp=53–54}}

In 1929, Wilson hit .345 with 39 home runs and a league-record 159 RBIs. He and new teammate Rogers Hornsby (who also contributed 39 home runs) led the Cubs to their first NL pennant in eleven years. In the World Series against Connie Mack's Philadelphia Athletics, Wilson's .471 hitting performance was eclipsed by two fielding errors at Shibe Park. Though trailing the Series two games to one, the Cubs were leading by a score of 8–0 in the fourth game when the Athletics mounted a 10-run rally in the seventh inning. Wilson lost two fly balls in the sun; the second, with two runners on base, led to an inside-the-park home run by Mule Haas as the Athletics won 10–8.{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/PHA/PHA192910120.shtml |title=1929 World Series Game 4 |publisher=Baseball Reference |access-date=March 1, 2011 |archive-date=November 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117083418/https://www.baseball-reference.com/boxes/PHA/PHA192910120.shtml |url-status=live }}{{cite magazine |author1=Boone |first=Robert |author2=Grunska |first2=Gerald |date=January 1979 |title=Hack Wilson: He Was One Of A Kind |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_baseball-digest_1979-01_38_1 |url-access=limited |access-date=2025-02-17 |work=Baseball Digest |volume=38 |issue=1}} After the game, McCarthy reportedly told a boy asking for a souvenir baseball, "Come back tomorrow and stand behind Wilson, and you'll be able to pick up all the balls you want!"{{cite web |url=http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20081016&content_id=3625822&vkey=recap&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb |title=On cue, Drew caps miraculous Sox rally |date=October 17, 2008 |work=Ian Browne |publisher=MLB.com |access-date=October 2, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090627032847/http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20081016&content_id=3625822&vkey=recap&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb |archive-date=June 27, 2009 |url-status=live }}{{cite web|url=http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20081017&content_id=3627098&vkey=ps2008news&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb|title=Comeback among October's best|date=October 17, 2008|work=MLB.com|access-date=October 2, 2009|archive-date=October 21, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081021012230/http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20081017&content_id=3627098&vkey=ps2008news&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb|url-status=live}} The Athletics won again the next day to take the Series in five games.{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/postseason/1929_WS.shtml |title=1929 World Series |publisher=Baseball Reference |access-date=February 28, 2011 |archive-date=October 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030033833/https://www.baseball-reference.com/postseason/1929_WS.shtml |url-status=live }}

==1930 peak==

Wilson's 1930 season, aided by a lively ball wound with special Australian wool, is considered one of the best single-season hitting performances in baseball history.{{cite web |url=http://www.baseball-almanac.com/hitting/hibavg4.shtml |title=League by League Totals for Batting Average |publisher=Baseball Almanac |access-date=March 1, 2011 |archive-date=November 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113133712/https://www.baseball-almanac.com/hitting/hibavg4.shtml |url-status=live }} By the middle of July, he had accumulated 82 RBIs. In August, he hit 13 home runs and 53 RBIs, and by September 17 he had reached 174 RBIs, breaking Lou Gehrig's major league record established three years earlier. He finished the season with 190 RBIs, along with a then-NL-record 56 home runs, .356 batting average, .454 on-base percentage, and league-leading .723 slugging percentage. He was unofficially voted the NL's most "useful" player by the Baseball Writers' Association of America (which did not inaugurate its official MVP award until 1931).{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson Is Picked as Most Useful Player |agency=Associated Press |work=The Milwaukee Journal |page=2 |date=October 8, 1930 |access-date=February 23, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=v6ZQAAAAIBAJ&pg=6659,6340651&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120627/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=v6ZQAAAAIBAJ&pg=6659%2C6340651&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }}

In 1999, the Commissioner of Baseball officially increased Wilson's 1930 RBI total to 191 after a box score analysis by baseball historian Jerome Holtzman revealed that Charlie Grimm had been mistakenly credited with an RBI actually driven home by Wilson during the second game of a doubleheader on July 28.{{cite news |title=Wilson's record increases to 191 |agency=Associated Press |work=The Tuscaloosa News |page=5 |date=June 23, 1999 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3TwdAAAAIBAJ&pg=3089,4576555&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120628/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3TwdAAAAIBAJ&pg=3089%2C4576555&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} Wilson's 191 RBIs remains one of baseball's most enduring records; only Gehrig (185) and Hank Greenberg (184) ever came close, and there have been no serious challenges in the last 85 years. (The best effort since 1938 was 165 by Manny Ramirez in 1999.){{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/leaders/RBI_season.shtml |title=Single-Season Leaders & Records for Runs Batted In |publisher=Baseball Reference |access-date=February 28, 2011 |archive-date=January 2, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210102190131/https://www.baseball-reference.com/leaders/RBI_season.shtml |url-status=live }}

Reds catcher Clyde Sukeforth asserted that Wilson should have been credited with an additional home run in 1930 as well. "He hit one in Cincinnati one day," he said, "way up in the seats, hit it so hard that it bounced right back onto the field. The umpire had a bad angle on it and ruled that it had hit the screen and bounced back. I was sitting in the Cincinnati bullpen, and of course, we weren't going to say anything. But Hack really hit 57 that year."{{sfn|Parker|2000|pp=113–114}} Wilson's official total of 56 stood as the NL record until the 1998 season, when it was broken by Sammy Sosa (66) and Mark McGwire (70).{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/leaders/HR_season.shtml |title=Single-Season Leaders & Records for Home Runs |publisher=Baseball Reference |access-date=February 28, 2011 |archive-date=June 20, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070620135024/http://www.baseball-reference.com/leaders/HR_season.shtml |url-status=live }}

=Decline=

Wilson's success in the 1930 season served only to fuel his drinking habits, and in 1931 he reported to spring training 20 pounds overweight. In addition, the NL responded to the prodigious offensive statistics of the previous year (the only season, other than 1894, in which the league as a whole batted over .300National League year-by-year batting averages. [https://www.baseball-reference.com/leagues/NL/bat.shtml Baseball-Reference.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803134515/https://www.baseball-reference.com/leagues/NL/bat.shtml |date=August 3, 2018 }}. Retrieved September 2, 2014.) by introducing a heavier ball with raised stitching to allow pitchers to gain a better grip and throw sharper curveballs.{{cite news |title=National League Changes Ball To Curtail Slugging |agency=Associated Press |work=St. Petersburg Times |page=2 |date=February 4, 1931 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=SStPAAAAIBAJ&pg=6893,1920686&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120628/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=SStPAAAAIBAJ&pg=6893%2C1920686&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} Wilson complained that the new Cubs manager, Hornsby, did not allow him to "swing away" as much as Joe McCarthy had.{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson Raps Hornsby's Tactics |work=Saskatoon Star-Phoenix |page=6 |date=August 31, 1938 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=w1VjAAAAIBAJ&pg=4308,5771258&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220426120628/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=w1VjAAAAIBAJ&pg=4308%2C5771258&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} He hit his 200th career home run at Ebbets Field on June 18 — only the fourth player ever to do so, behind Ruth, Cy Williams, and Hornsby{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=134}} — but then fell into a protracted slump, and was benched in late May.{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson Benched For Light Hitting |agency=United Press International |work=The Telegraph-Herald and Times-Journal |page=9 |date=May 25, 1931 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ygRRAAAAIBAJ&pg=2554,694433&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en}} By late August, Wrigley publicly expressed his desire to trade him.{{cite news |title=Cubs To Trade Hack Wilson |agency=Associated Press |work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |page=2 |date=August 31, 1931 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=gZUxAAAAIBAJ&pg=5070,3260599&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en}} On September 6, he was suspended without pay for the remainder of the season after a fight with reporters aboard a train in Cincinnati.{{cite news |title=Wilson Loses Fielding Job After Brawl |agency=INS |work=The Telegraph-Herald and Times-Journal |page=9 |date=September 9, 1931 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=R5BSAAAAIBAJ&pg=2604,487134&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en}} He was hitting .261 with only 13 home runs (his 1930 production during August alone) at the time.

In December 1931, the Cubs traded Wilson, along with Bud Teachout, to the St. Louis Cardinals for Burleigh Grimes. Less than a month later, the Cardinals sent him to the Brooklyn Dodgers for minor league outfielder Bob Parham and $25,000 (${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|25000|1932}}}} in current dollar terms). Wilson hit .297 with 23 home runs and 123 RBIs for Brooklyn in 1932. He began 1933 with a ninth-inning game-winning pinch-hit inside-the-park grand slam home run at Ebbets Field—the first pinch-hit grand slam in Dodger history, and only the third inside-the-park pinch-hit grand slam in MLB history.Hack Wilson Biography [https://baseballbiography.com/hack-wilson-1900 BaseballBiography.com] By season's end, his offensive totals had dropped substantially, and he was hitting .262 when the Dodgers released him mid-season in 1934.{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson Given Gate By Brooklyn Club Solons |agency=INS |work=Rochester Evening Journal |page=26 |date=August 9, 1934 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wapZAAAAIBAJ&pg=1272,4511814&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=November 19, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211119172651/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wapZAAAAIBAJ&pg=1272%2C4511814&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} The Philadelphia Phillies signed him immediately, but after just two hits in 20 at-bats he was released again a month later.{{cite news |title=Phils Release Hack Wilson |agency=Associated Press |work=Herald-Journal |page=7 |date=September 6, 1934 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6oosAAAAIBAJ&pg=2760,443419&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=November 25, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125164729/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6oosAAAAIBAJ&pg=2760%2C443419&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} After a final season with the Albany Senators of the Class "A" New York–Pennsylvania League, Wilson retired at the age of 35.

Career statistics

In a 12-year major league career, Wilson played in 1,348 games and accumulated 1,461 hits in 4,760 at-bats for a .307 career batting average and a .395 on-base percentage. He hit 244 home runs and batted in 1,063 runs, led the NL in home runs four times, and surpassed 100 RBIs six times. Defensively, he finished his career with a .965 fielding percentage. For players {{Height|ft=5|in=6|out=unit}} or shorter, he has the most home runs for any player in major league history.{{cite web | url=https://stathead.com/tiny/oU0hO | title=Player Season Finder }}

Life after baseball

File:Hack Wilson's gravestone, Martinsburg, WV.jpg.]]

Wilson returned to Martinsburg where he opened a pool hall, but encountered financial problems due to a failed sporting goods business venture, and then a rancorous divorce from Virginia.{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=177}} By 1938, he was working as a bartender near Brooklyn's Ebbets Field where he sang for drinks, but had to quit when customers became too abusive.{{Cite news |last=Freeman |first=Ed |date=1948-11-24 |title=Hack Wilson Dies; Set Homer Record |url=https://www.genealogybank.com/newspaper-clippings/title/zogusitxjatecydpumxmqroadpzknvfc_ip-10-166-46-69_1739760571701 |access-date=2025-02-17 |work=The News and Courier |page=10 |publication-place=Charleston, South Carolina |via=GenealogyBank.com}} A night club venture in suburban Chicago was another financial failure.{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson Becomes Night Club Impresario |agency=Associated Press |work=The Evening Independent |page=12 |date=August 11, 1939 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=_c1PAAAAIBAJ&pg=5537,3317567&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en}} In 1944, he took a job as a good will ambassador for a professional basketball team in Washington, D.C., where he lamented that fans remembered his two dropped fly balls in the 1929 World Series far more vividly than his 56 home runs and 191 RBIs in 1930.{{cite news |title=Where's Hack Wilson? Very Much On Deck |agency=Associated Press |work=Sarasota Herald-Tribune |page=2 |date=October 26, 1944 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=gB4hAAAAIBAJ&pg=2861,1663252&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en}} Unable to find work in professional baseball, he moved to Baltimore where he worked as a tool checker in an airplane manufacturing plant and later as a laborer for the City of Baltimore. When municipal authorities realized who he was, he was made the manager of a Baltimore public swimming pool.{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson Now Managing City Swim Pool |agency=Associated Press |work=Schenectady Gazette |page=29 |date=July 22, 1948 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ZIMuAAAAIBAJ&pg=1423,2762041&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=November 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118115856/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ZIMuAAAAIBAJ&pg=1423%2C2762041&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }}

On October 4, 1948, Wilson was discovered unconscious after a fall in his home.{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson Is Hospitalized |agency=Associated Press |work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette |page=19 |date=October 5, 1948 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=1QgNAAAAIBAJ&pg=3938,439096&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en}} Though the accident did not appear serious at first, pneumonia and other complications developed and he died of internal hemorrhaging on November 23, 1948, at the age of 48.

Wilson — once the highest-paid player in the National LeagueBerkow, I (September 5, 1998): On Baseball; Hack Wilson's Lesson Still Valid. [https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/05/sports/on-baseball-hack-wilson-s-lesson-still-valid.html New York Times archive] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928082844/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/09/05/sports/on-baseball-hack-wilson-s-lesson-still-valid.html |date=September 28, 2018 }}. Retrieved September 23, 2013. — died penniless; his son, Robert, refused to claim his remains. NL President Ford Frick finally sent money to cover his funeral expenses.{{cite news |title=Last Rites Held For Hack Wilson |agency=Associated Press |work=The Day |page=8 |date=November 27, 1948 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=nh8iAAAAIBAJ&pg=1984,5384665&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en}}{{cite magazine |author=Steadman, John |date=February 1990 |title=The Sad Demise of Home Run King Hack Wilson |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_baseball-digest_1990-02_49_2 |url-access=limited |access-date=2025-02-17 |work=Baseball Digest |pages=65-67 |volume=49 |issue=2}} His gray burial suit was donated by the undertaker. In marked contrast to Babe Ruth's funeral, which had been attended by thousands just three months earlier, only a few hundred people were present for Wilson's services.{{cite news |title=Services Held For Hack Wilson |agency=United Press International |work=The Pittsburgh Press |page=28 |date=November 28, 1948 |access-date=March 1, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=g2YcAAAAIBAJ&pg=3733,4675298&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=November 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211127052748/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=g2YcAAAAIBAJ&pg=3733%2C4675298&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} He was buried in Rosedale Cemetery in the town where he made his professional playing debut, Martinsburg, West Virginia.

Ten months later, Joe McCarthy organized a second, more complete memorial service, attended by Kiki Cuyler, Charlie Grimm, Nick Altrock and other players from the Cubs and the Martinsburg team (by then renamed the Blue Sox). A granite tombstone was unveiled, with the inscription, "One of Baseball's Immortals, Lewis R. (Hack) Wilson, Rests Here."{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=194}}Photos of Wilson's Art Deco-style grave monument can be viewed here. (A replica of his Hall of Fame plaque was added to the reverse side in 1982.) [http://www.thedeadballera.com/GravePhotos/GravePhotos_W/Wilson.Hack.Grave.html thedeadballera.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304113749/http://www.thedeadballera.com/GravePhotos/GravePhotos_W/Wilson.Hack.Grave.html |date=March 4, 2016 }}. Retrieved September 23, 2013.

One week before his death, Wilson gave an interview to CBS Radio which was reprinted in Chicago newspapers. In 1949, Charlie Grimm, the Cubs' new manager, posted a framed excerpt from that interview in the Cubs' clubhouse, where it remains.{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=195}} It reads, in part:

Talent isn't enough. You need common sense and good advice. If anyone tries to tell you different, tell them the story of Hack Wilson. [...] There are kids in and out of baseball who think because they have talent they have the world by the tail. It isn't so. Kids, don't be too big to accept advice. Don't let what happened to me happen to you.{{sfn|Parker|2000|p=2}}

In 1979, Wilson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame by the Veterans Committee.{{cite news |title=Hack Wilson, Giles gain baseball Hall of Fame |work=The Montreal Gazette |page=21 |date=March 8, 1979 |access-date=March 2, 2011 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-ogxAAAAIBAJ&pg=5446,2834483&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |archive-date=November 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122035112/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=-ogxAAAAIBAJ&pg=5446%2C2834483&dq=hack+wilson&hl=en |url-status=live }} A Martinsburg street is named Hack Wilson Way in his honor,Umstead, M (May 11, 2012). Martinsburg's heritage includes start of Hack Wilson's Hall of Fame career. [http://articles.herald-mail.com/2012-05-11/news/31673529_1_roundhouse-and-shop-first-railroad-strike-east-martin-street The Herald Mail archive] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107031056/http://articles.herald-mail.com/2012-05-11/news/31673529_1_roundhouse-and-shop-first-railroad-strike-east-martin-street |date=January 7, 2016 }} Retrieved May 24, 2012[http://wvde.state.wv.us/ed_directory/index.html?county_id=04&school_id=203 West Virginia Department of Education web site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808154551/http://wvde.state.wv.us/ed_directory/index.html?county_id=04&school_id=203 |date=August 8, 2020 }} Retrieved May 24, 2012 and the access road to a large city park within his hometown, Ellwood City, Pennsylvania, is known as Hack Wilson Drive.[http://www.ecboro.com/parks.htm Borough of Ellwood City web site] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301083109/http://www.ecboro.com/parks.htm |date=March 1, 2012 }} Retrieved May 24, 2012