Halamish

On 16 October 1977, two groups of settlers, one religious, calling itself “Neveh Tzuf” and one secular, called “Neveh Tzelah” with a total of 40 families moved into the abandoned former British Tegart fort building near the Palestinian village Nabi Salih.{{cite book | last=Hoberman | first=Haggai| year=2008| title=Keneged Kol HaSikuim | edition=1st |trans-title=Against All Odds| publisher=Sifriat Netzarim|language=he}} The original name of the settlement, Neveh Tzuf, was rejected by the Government Naming Committee, arguing that it might be misleading as the biblical location Eretz Tzuf was elsewhere. The naming committee gave the new settlement the official name 'Halamish' instead, derived from a biblical verse:{{Cite book|last=Bitan|first=Hanna|title=Fifty Years of 'Hityashvut': Atlas of Names of Settlements in Israel|year=1999|publisher=Carta Jerusalem|isbn=965-220-423-4 |page= 23|language=he}} He (God) "nourished him with oil from the crag of flint." (Deuteronomy 32:13) Since this name was rejected by some settlers, both names are used for the settlement.

The Israeli Army issued military order 28/78 in 1978 to seize privately owned Palestinian land from the villages of Deir Nidham, Nabi Salih, and Umm Safa and turned over 686 dunams to the newly established settlement.{{citation|url=https://www.ochaopt.org/sites/default/files/ocha_opt_springs_report_march_2012_english.pdf|title=How Dispossession Happens: The humanitarian impact of the takeover of Palestinian water springs by Israeli settlers|publisher=United Nations: Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs occupied Palestinian territory|date=March 2012}}{{cite web | last = Hass | first = Amira | author-link = Amira Hass | title=The difference between Israeli and Palestinian threats | website=haaretz.com | date=2017-08-21 | url=https://www.haaretz.com/opinion/.premium-the-difference-between-israeli-and-palestinian-threats-1.5444340 | access-date=2018-12-12}} According to ARIJ, Israel confiscated land from several surrounding Palestinian villages in order to construct Halamish; 604 dunams from Deir Nidham,[http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/vprofile/Deir%20Nidham_vp_en-1.pdf Deir Nidham village profile], ARIJ, p. 16 10 dunams from the Beitillu part of Al-Ittihad.[http://vprofile.arij.org/ramallah/pdfs/vprofile/AL-Itihad_tp_en.pdf Al-Itihad Town Profile (Beitillu, Jammala & Deir 'Ammar)], ARIJ, p. 17 Peace Now reported, based on data from the Israeli Civil Administration, that 34.35% of the land Halamish is built on is privately owned Palestinian property, with 0% being Jewish owned.{{citation|date=October 2006|publisher=Peace Now|title=Breaking the Law in the West Bank – One Violation Leads to Another: Israeli Settlement Building on Private Palestinian Property|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/bsp/hi/pdfs/21_11_06_west_bank.pdf|page=27}}

On 21 July 2017, three Israelis were killed and one severely wounded in a stabbing attack in Halamish.[http://www.timesofisrael.com/idf-raids-halamish-terrorists-home-arrests-his-brother/ IDF raids Halamish terrorist’s home, arrests his brother] Times of Israel, 22 July 2017 The residents of Halamish set up an Israeli outpost near the settlement as a response to the attack.{{cite web | title=Israel helped establish 14 illegal West Bank outposts since 2011 | website=haaretz.com | date=2017-12-25 | url=https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-israel-helped-establish-14-illegal-west-bank-outposts-since-2011-1.5629562 | access-date=2018-12-13}}{{cite news | title=Settlers set up new outpost in memory of slain Salomon family | website=Ynetnews | date=2017-07-23 | url=https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4993070,00.html | access-date=2018-12-13| last1=Ben-Kimon | first1=Elisha }}

Upon the first work preparing the land, residents of the nearby Palestinian village Deir Nidham went to the Supreme Court of Israel and claimed private ownership of land to be used for settlement. Based on aerial photos from the turn of the 20th century, showing the disputed land to be barren, and Ottoman Empire land law specifying that land not worked for over ten years becomes state land, the land was declared state land and freed for settlement constructions.{{cite book|author=Michael Sfard|title=The Wall and the Gate: Israel, Palestine, and the Legal Battle for Human Rights|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n7NyDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA148|date=23 January 2018|publisher=Henry Holt and Company|isbn=978-1-250-12271-1|pages=148–}}

The residents of the nearby Palestinian village of Nabi Salih regularly protest against what they allege is the takeover of a spring by the settlers of Halamish. However, the spring was declared an "antiquities site" by the Civil Administration, located on private land belonging to inhabitants of Nabi Salih. Residents of Nabi Salih also assert that they are being prevented from working the fields around the spring.{{cite web | url=http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/magazine/a-spa-for-samaria-1.284709 |title=A spa for Samaria. Every Friday, villagers demonstrate against the excavation of the spring.|publisher=Haaretz|author=Gideon Levy|date=22 April 2010 |access-date=31 March 2011}} The protests have led to violent clashes, with Palestinian youths throwing stones and Israeli forces firing on protesters with tear gas, rubber bullets, and water cannons. {{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/may/20/palestinian-protester-tamimi-cleared-incitement?newsfeed=true |title=Palestinian protester cleared of incitement charge |author=Harriet Sherwood |date=20 May 2012 |work=The Guardian |access-date=20 May 2012}} Since the end of 2009, 64 people (13% of the village's population) has been arrested by Israeli forces.{{cite web |url=http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/features/mighty-israel-and-its-quest-to-quash-palestinian-popular-protest-1.352248 |title=Mighty Israel and its quest to quash Palestinian popular protest |author=Amira Hass |date=28 March 2011 |work=Haaretz |access-date=20 May 2012}} Bassem al-Tamimi, one of the leaders of the protests, who was declared a human rights defender by the European Union and a prisoner of conscience by Amnesty International, has been arrested twelve times to date. On 24 March 2011 he was arrested and charged with incitement, holding a march without a permit, sending youths to throw stones, and perverting the course of justice.{{cite news | url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gar87dqIgfksqSyAmRUigZYru1jQ?docId=CNG.2fb50e36a68614c4405d2849d39d09d3.151 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130215214656/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gar87dqIgfksqSyAmRUigZYru1jQ?docId=CNG.2fb50e36a68614c4405d2849d39d09d3.151 | url-status=dead | archive-date=February 15, 2013 |title=West Bank activist Tamimi convicted of stoning charge |author=Steve Weizman |date=20 May 2012 |agency=Agence France-Presse |access-date=20 May 2012}} After an 11-month military trial, he was cleared of the central charge of incitement and of perverting the course of justice by an Israeli military court, but found guilty of taking part in illegal demonstrations and of soliciting protesters to throw stones largely based on the testimony of two Palestinian youths aged 14 and 15. After being released on bail on 24 April 2012, he was given a 13-month sentence in May 2012, corresponding to the time he had served in prison while awaiting trial.{{cite web| url= http://www.timesofisrael.com/palestinian-protest-leader-walks-free/ |title=Palestinian protest leader walks free | author=The Associated Press| work=The Times of Israel| date= 29 May 2012|access-date= 9 March 2013}}

The international community considers Israeli settlements in the Israeli-occupied West Bank to be illegal under international law, violating the Fourth Geneva Convention's prohibition on the transfer of civilians into or out of occupied territory. Israel however disputes that the Fourth Geneva Convention applies to the West Bank and disputes their illegality.{{cite web | title=Israeli outposters vow to stay | website=BBC News | date=2009-06-08 | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8089009.stm | access-date=2018-12-16}}{{cite web | last=Balmer | first=Crispian | title=Stung by U.N. defeat, Israel pushes settlement plans | website=Reuters | date=2012-12-01 | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/palestinians-israel-settlements-idINDEE8AT0FP20121201 | access-date=2018-12-16}}

{{Reflist}}

{{Commons category|Halamish}}

• [http://www.jewishagency.org/JewishAgency/English/Aliyah/Absorpton+Options/Municipal+and+Community+Absorption/Neve+Tzuf.htm Neve Tzuf] Jewish Agency
• [http://www.nbn.org.il/communities/template/community/33 Neve Tzuf] Nefesh B'Nefesh

{{Mateh Binyamin Regional Council}}

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Category:Religious Israeli settlements

Category:Populated places established in 1977

Category:Mateh Binyamin Regional Council

Category:1977 establishments in the Israeli Military Governorate

Category:Community settlements