Hallikeld

The name Hallikeld derives from the Old English Halig, and the Old Norse Kelda.{{cite news |title=The times they were a-changin' |url=https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=AWNB&t=&sort=YMD_date%3AD&fld-base-0=alltext&maxresults=20&val-base-0=%22Hallikeld%22&docref=news/15B665BADF966918 |access-date=5 February 2020 |work=infoweb.newsbank.com |date=4 March 2016|url-access=subscription}}{{cite journal |last1=Edwards |first1=Heather |title=The Saint of Middleham and Giggleswick |journal=Yorkshire Archaeological Journal |date=2004 |volume=76 |page=135 |publisher=Yorkshire Archaeological Society |location=Leeds |issn=0084-4276}} Keld appears in various places in Northern England and means Spring, with the Halli prefix meaning holy.{{cite book |last1=Ekwall |first1=Eilert |title=The concise Oxford dictionary of English place-names |date=1947 |publisher=Clarendon Press |location=Oxford |oclc=12542596 |page=202 |edition=3}} This is thought to be taken from some fresh water springs in the Melmerby area, which were located within the wapentake.{{cite web |title=Sacred Landmarks and Landscapes in North Craven:St Alkelda re-visited, holy wells and south-side side crosses |url=http://www.northcravenheritage.org.uk/NCHTJ2015/2015/Alkelda/Alkelda.html |website=www.northcravenheritage.org.uk |access-date=5 February 2020}} Fields to the south of Melmerby are labelled as Hallikelds on Ordnance Survey mapping from 1909.{{cite web |title=Explore georeferenced maps - Map images - National Library of Scotland |url=https://maps.nls.uk/geo/explore/#zoom=16&lat=54.1835&lon=-1.4816&layers=168&b=1 |website=maps.nls.uk |access-date=5 February 2020}} As the wapentakes were ancient divisions, the spelling of them has evolved and changed over time. Latterly it was spelt as Hallikeld, but has been historically recorded as Hallikell and Halikeld.{{sfn|Trotter|1919|p=229}} Another possible derivation of the name is from a holy spring in the churchyard of St Lamberts in Burneston, though the spring and drain from it have been covered over.{{cite book|last=McCall|first=H. B.|title=Richmondshire Churches|year=1910|publisher=Elliot Stock|location=London|oclc=6723172|page=2}}

Portions of the wapentake were interchanged with Hang East and Birdforth wapentakes. At times, the wapentake was considered to be in the West Riding of Yorkshire,{{cite news |last1=Walker |first1=Peter |title=Well, well, well. Not just a hole in t’ground |url=https://www.gazetteherald.co.uk/features/columnists/13348590.well-well-well-not-just-a-hole-in-tground/ |access-date=5 February 2020 |work=Gazette & Herald |date=24 June 2015 |language=en}} despite being on the north bank of the River Ure, which was the historical dividing line between the West and North Ridings of Yorkshire.{{cite book |last1=Jones-Barker |first1=William Gideon Michael |title=The Three Days of Wensleydale: The Valley of the Yore |date=1854 |publisher=Dolma |location=London |page=285|oclc=02590543}} In 1914, the wapentake had seven parishes; Burneston, Cundall, Kirkby Hill (or Kirkby on the Moor), Kirklington, Pickhill, Wath and West Tanfield.{{cite web |title=The wapentake of Hallikeld {{!}} British History Online |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/north/vol1/p356 |website=www.british-history.ac.uk |access-date=4 February 2020}} Hallikeld was bordered on the north by Gilling East, on the east by Birdforth, the south by Claro and the west by Hang East.{{cite book |last1=Moule |first1=Thomas |title=The English Counties delineated: or, a topographical description of England |date=1837 |publisher=Virtue |location=London |page=442|oclc=562641982}} The River Ure formed its southern border and the River Swale formed its eastern and Northern border. The wapentake was some {{convert|16|mi}} long (from north to south) and at its widest, only {{convert|7|mi}} across.{{sfn|White|1840|p=561}}

The boundaries of the wapentakes were being constantly redrawn; in the early part of the 19th century, Hutton Conyers was in Hallikeld,{{sfn|White|1840|p=566}} and Exelby, Leeming and Newton was transferred into the district at the same time.{{sfn|White|1840|p=574}}

In 1831, the number of houses in the wapentake was listed as 1,419 spread across 1,395 families. The population at that time was 6,424, which by 1885, had dropped to 5, 441.{{sfn|White|1840|p=562}}{{cite news |last1=Bell |first1=Hugh |title=The Division of the North Riding |work=The Northern Echo |issue=4,640 |date=5 January 1885 |page=4|oclc=1015528053}}

• Key to parishes: BE = Bedale, BR = Brafferton, BU = Burneston, CU = Cundall, KB = Kirby-on-the-Moor, KK = Kirklington, PK = Pickhill, TO = Topcliffe, TW = Tanfield West, WA = Wath
• Key to Poor Law Unions (PLU): Bedale = B, Great Ouseburn = G, Thirsk = T

The populations given are for the year of 1831. In 1821, the parishes of Bedale, Brafferton, Pickhill, Topcliffe and Wath crossed the borders into the adjacent wapentakes (Hang East, Bulmer, Allertonshire, Birdforth and Allertonshire respectively.{{cite web |title=Genuki: NORTH RIDING: Abstract of Population Census 1821, North Riding of Yorkshire, including York., Yorkshire |url=https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/YRY/NRY/CensusNotesNRY1821 |website=www.genuki.org.uk |access-date=6 February 2020 |language=en}}

{{reflist|group="note"}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book|last=Trotter|first=Eleanor|title=Seventeenth century life in the country parish, with special reference to local government|url=https://archive.org/details/seventeenthcentu00trotuoft|year=1919|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|oclc=458398740}}
• {{cite book|last=White|first=William|title=History, Gazetteer and Directory of the East and North Ridings of Yorkshire|year=1840|publisher=White|location=Sheffield|oclc=319907952}}

• [https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/north/vol1/p356 Map of the wapentake from 1914]

Category:Wapentakes of the North Riding of Yorkshire