Hallmark-Sonali Bank Loan Scam
{{Short description|2010–2012 corruption scandal in the Bangladesh}}
{{Context|date=January 2017}}
The Hallmark-Sonali Bank loan scam is a massive loan fraud that took place in Bangladesh between 2010 and 2012. State owned Sonali Bank's Ruposhi Bangla Hotel branch lent over 35 billion Bangladeshi taka ($454 million as of 2011) based on falsified documents. Little-known company Hallmark Group received the majority, nearly Tk 27bn ($344M), with the remaining loans spread among five other companies: T and Brothers, Paragon Group, Nakshi Knit, DN Sports, and Khanjahan Ali. An investigation by Bangladesh Bank, the country's central bank, concluded that the borrowers conspired with senior officials at Sonali Bank to embezzle the funds.{{cite news |title=Hallmark loan scam under ACC probe |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-246119 |work=The Daily Star |date=2012-08-14}}{{cite news |title=Muhith: BASIC corrupted, Sonali robbed |url=https://archive.dhakatribune.com/uncategorized/2016/02/03/muhith-basic-corrupted-sonali-robbed |work=Dhaka Tribune |date=2016-02-03}} The Economist described the 2012 scam as Bangladesh's "biggest of many banking scandals since the banks were nationalised 40 years before".{{Cite news |title=From cancer to pimple |url=https://www.economist.com/news/finance-and-economics/21600991-if-you-cannot-reform-them-starve-them-cancer-pimple |newspaper=The Economist |date=2014-04-19 |access-date=2017-01-28}}
Background
In 1972, after the Bangladesh Liberation War, Sonali Bank was formed by the amalgamation and nationalisation of the National Bank of Pakistan, Bank of Bahawalpur, and Premier Bank branches located in the former East Pakistan. It is the largest state owned commercial bank in Bangladesh.{{cite book |last=Mazid |first=Muhammad Abdul |year=2012 |chapter=Sonali Bank Limited |chapter-url=https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php/Sonali_Bank_Limited |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bangladesh}}
The perceived level of public sector corruption has consistently placed the country in the worst quartile of Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index. One form this rampant corruption takes is senior officials in public sector banks making imprudent loans to well-connected private companies.{{cite book |last1=Quibria |first1=M. G. |year=2019 |title=Bangladesh's Road to Long-Term Economic Prosperity: Risks and Challenges |publisher=Springer |page=98 |isbn=978-3-030-11587-6}} State-owned banks are a major originator of bad loans to the private sector.{{cite book |last1=Islam |first1=S. Nazrul |year=2016 |title=Governance for Development |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |page=176 |isbn=978-1-137-54253-3}}