Hannibal (network)
{{short description|Far-right militant network in German-speaking countries}}
{{use DMY dates|date=November 2020}}
{{use British English|date=November 2020}}
Hannibal was the name of a network of far-right prepper groups and individuals operating in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, which coordinated via the chat service Telegram in anticipation of the government's collapse on what they dubbed "Tag X" ("Day X").{{Cite news|last=Schmidt|first=Christina|date=2019-07-06|title=Rechter Terror in Deutschland: Auf der Feindesliste|language=de|work=Die Tageszeitung: taz|url=https://taz.de/!5608261/|access-date=2020-11-19|issn=0931-9085}} Founded in 2015, the network was subject to an investigation by German authorities in 2017, at which time its founder ordered the deletion of the chat groups. However, government investigations into members of groups affiliated with "Hannibal" are ongoing.
History
The name stems from the online handle of André Schmitt, a non-commissioned officer in the Kommando Spezialkräfte, who founded, administered, and coordinated the network beginning in autumn 2015.{{Cite news|last=Kaul|first=Martin|date=2018-11-16|title=Rechtes Netzwerk in der Bundeswehr: Hannibals Schattenarmee|language=de|work=Die Tageszeitung: taz|url=https://taz.de/!5548926/|access-date=2020-11-26|issn=0931-9085|archive-date=30 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190430122114/http://www.taz.de/!5548926/|url-status=live}} Schmitt supplied the network with confidential information about Germany's security situation. Some of the groups linked to the Hannibal network developed concrete plans for violent actions on "Day X", preparing safe houses, stockpiling arms and ammunition, and compiling lists of political enemies.{{Cite news|last=Bennhold|first=Katrin|date=2020-07-03|title=As Neo-Nazis Seed Military Ranks, Germany Confronts 'an Enemy Within'|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/03/world/europe/germany-military-neo-nazis-ksk.html|access-date=2020-11-26|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=5 July 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200705203508/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/03/world/europe/germany-military-neo-nazis-ksk.html?smid=tw-share|url-status=live}}{{Cite news|last=Bennhold|first=Katrin|date=2020-08-01|title=Body Bags and Enemy Lists: How Far-Right Police Officers and Ex-Soldiers Planned for 'Day X'|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/01/world/europe/germany-nazi-infiltration.html|access-date=2020-11-19|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=19 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119141426/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/01/world/europe/germany-nazi-infiltration.html|url-status=live}} Among the participants were army reservists, police officers, judges, members of SEK police tactical units, and other German security authorities. The German news media likened the group to Organisation Consul and similar nationalist cells within the Reichswehr that plotted to overthrow the Weimar Republic during the 1920s and called Hannibal a "shadow army". Schmitt stated in 2016 that the network had around 2,000 members in total.
The chat network was subdivided into four regional groups in Germany (north, south, west, and east), with the geographical division following the model of the former German {{ill|military district commands|de|Wehrbereichskommando}}. There were also separate groups for Switzerland and Austria.
Government investigation
According to its own statements, the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution already had knowledge of at least parts of the network at the end of 2016. Other German authorities started investigating "Hannibal" in 2017, in the course of an investigation into Franco Albrecht and the Day X plot. Albrecht, who is accused of having planned false flag attacks, had been a member of the network. Once Schmitt learned of the investigation, he immediately ordered the deletion of the chat groups. The investigations into the network have led to a number of police raids, including raids of places that Schmitt had mentioned as potential "safe houses" in the "Hannibal" chat groups. One of these raids uncovered explosives and components of explosives, stashed in a cellar that belongs to Schmitt's parents. Schmitt was tried and sentenced to a fine of 1800 Euros.{{Cite news|last=Schmidt|first=Christina|date=2020-02-03|title=Prozess nach Kellerfund: "Hannibal" zu Geldstrafe verurteilt|language=de|work=Die Tageszeitung: taz|url=https://taz.de/!5661843/|access-date=2020-12-01|issn=0931-9085}}
As of July 2020, investigations into a number of members of groups affiliated with "Hannibal" were still ongoing.{{Cite news|last=Erb|first=Sebastian|date=2020-07-01|title=Rechtsextreme in Bundeswehr: Ein KSK-Soldat und seine Leute|language=de|work=Die Tageszeitung: taz|url=https://taz.de/!5693515/|access-date=2020-12-01|issn=0931-9085}}